Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A comprehensive profile of communicative disorders in patients with Moebius syndrome was attempted. Seven patients were evaluated by the authors and the findings were added to 15 contributed case-histories. Most patients demonstrated some degree of dysarthria due to congenital paralysis of the facial nerves. Other problems such as cleft palate, hearing loss, mental retardation and delayed development of language were found in a few of the patients. As most of the older children in the sample and in reports in the literature eventually developed intelligible speech, a program of oral language stimulation and compensatory articulatory adjustments would appear to be the procedure of choice.
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PMID:Speech, language and hearing in Moebius syndrome: a study of 22 patients. 20 1

The aim of this study was to apply one-third-octave analysis for measuring an acoustic correlate of hypernasality in the speech of adults with a range of aetiologies (dysarthria, maxillectomy and cleft palate). Subjects included 12 speakers with hypernasality and 12 normal controls. The speech material was the vowel /i/ segmented from two Cantonese single words produced by each speaker. The results showed that speakers with hypernasality had significantly higher energy level for the one-third-octave bands centred at 630, 800 and 1000 Hz, and significantly lower amplitude for the band centred at 2500 Hz than speakers with normal resonance. These results are in general agreement with past findings about nasalization of vowels. This study showed that one-third-octave analysis has high intrajudge reliability and is applicable to the speech of adults with hypernasality due to different etiologies.
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PMID:Acoustic correlates of hypernasality. 1294

Velopharyngeal incompetence (VPI) is a contributing factor to speech disorders, frequently accompanying disorders, such as cleft palate, congenital paralysis of the soft palate, and cerebrovascular disease. For the treatment of these types of dysarthria, a Nasal Speaking Valve (NSV), which regulates nasal emission utilizing one-way valve, has been reported to be effective. As the unpleasantness while wearing the NSV was less than that with the conventional Palatal Lift Prosthesis, the NSV could be worn for a longer period of time. As NSV is inserted into the nostrils, this device could easily be provided for edentulous patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of NSV on experimentally induced VPI condition. Intelligibility of monosyllabic speech, intelligibility of conversational speech, nasalance score and acoustic analysis were used to evaluate the effect of NSV. Local infiltration anaesthesia was achieved to the area of levator veli palatini muscle and tensor veli palatine muscle of seven adult male subjects. In all subjects, remarkable suppression of the soft palate movement could be observed after the local infiltration anesthesia. Although the utterance supported by NSV under the experimentally induced VPI condition was less natural than the normal utterance, the intelligibility was markedly improved by the device. From the results of this study, the acoustic properties of NSV on the pure VPI condition, which was enabled by the newly established experimental induction, were revealed. This experimental model was also proved to provide a basis for the improvement in the treatment modalities for VPI.
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PMID:The effect of nasal speaking valve on the speech under experimental velopharyngeal incompetence condition. 1840 72

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are dialectal and gender related differences in nasalance of main Mandarin vowels and three sentences in 400 Chinese normal adults. The mean nasalance score difference for dialect and gender was significant (p < .001) in all speech materials. For different dialects, the average nasalance scores show that Chongqing > Beijing > Shanghai > Guangzhou for the nasal sentence, oro-nasal sentence, /a/, /i/ and /u/. In addition, the average nasalance scores of females were higher than those of males for all speech materials in all dialects. The clinical significance of this study can be helpful in making nasalance clinical decisions for Chinese people with cleft palate, hearing disorders and dysarthria with resonance disorders. It also shows the theoretical and socio-cultural features for linguists considering dialects and gender.
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PMID:Dialectal and gender differences in nasalance for a Mandarin population. 2685 31

The palatal lift prostheses (PLP) are commonly used in the prosthetic management of palatopharyngeal incompetency. These prostheses work by lifting the soft palate upward and backward and also have physical and psychological benefits. In this case report, a PLPwas provided to the patient for her speech problems. The soft palate was mechanically lifted upward and backward. PLPreduced the diameter of palatopharyngeal sphincter. This decreased the dysarthria and led to an increase in patient confidence. Surgically repaired cleft palate of this patient with hyper-nasality was successfully managed with PLP. It was concluded that PLP is acceptable and effective in the prosthodontic management of palatopharyngeal incompetency.
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PMID:Prosthodontic Management of Palatopharyngeal Incompetency - A Case Report on Palatal Lift Prosthesis. 2896 52