Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0013362 (dysarthria)
 3,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An 8-year-old girl with a cerebral infarction and pneumonia developed the acute hemiparesis associated with clinical and serologic evidence of Mycoplasma pneumonia infection. Mycoplasma complement fixation titers increased from 1:1,024 on the tenth day of illness to 1:greater than 16,384 at three weeks and subsequently decreased to 1:512 at seven weeks. Total resolution of her facial weakness, hemiparesis, dysphagia and dysarthria occurred by eight weeks.
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PMID:Cerebral infarction associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. 724 75

This is a report of cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage derived from systemic lupus erythematosus. A 49-year-old male was admitted to our hospital due to dysarthria and supranuclear facial palsy. He had been suffering from SLE and medicated incompletely since 9 years prior to admission. A CT scan showed a small infarction in the left parietal area. An angiography revealed a tapering stenosis of the left carotid siphon and an occlusion of the left vertebral artery at the cisternal portion. On the 13 days after the admission, he complained of a high fever and right hemiparesis. The CT scan disclosed newly multiple small infarctions in the left parietal area. The angiography showed the progressing of the tapering stenosis at the left carotid siphon, and demonstrated the narrowing of the left superior temporal artery and ophthalmic artery in addition to the disappearance of a left posterior communicating artery. High dose of steroid was given to him, but cerebral hemorrhage and huge left cerebral infarction were complicated. On the 26 days after the admission, his general condition was worsened and died. It was considered that the cerebral infarction and hemorrhage might be derived from the vasculitis of SLE.
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PMID:[A case of systemic lupus erythematosus associated with cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage]. 757 35

The authors report a rare case of intracranial aspergillosis presenting marked granulomatous pachymeningitis. A 58-year-old male who had a three-year history of diabetes and chronic bronchitis was referred to us because of progressive left hemiparesis and dysarthria. Postcontrast CT scan showed a ring-enhancing lesion with marked perifocal edema in the right parietal lobe, and right subdural enhancing mass. MR image revealed hypertrophic dura mater in the right convexity. On June 9, 1992, partial removal of the intra-axial cystic mass and granulomatous dura mater was performed. A number of characteristic aspergillus hyphae were recognized in the resected cyst and granulomatous dura mater. Postoperatively, the patient was treated with amphotericin-B and fluconazole. But granulomatous pachymeningitis became progressively enlarged and eventually created a large mass effect again. On January 23, 1993, the patient died of pneumonia. Cerebral aspergillosis is getting common but preoperative diagnosis is still difficult because of its causing several clinical features such as brain abscess, granuloma, intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, meningitis, and encephalitis. Several comments were made about the pathogenesis of these features, and the necessity of early diagnosis and treatment was emphasized.
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PMID:[A case of aspergillosis presenting marked granulomatous pachymeningitis]. 819 39

Central alveolar hypoventilation syndrome (CAH), or Ondine's curse, is a very rare disease characterized by dysfunction of respiratory center in the brain stem. Here, we report a case of CAH associated with cerebral infarction. A 59-year-old man developed right facial sensory deficit at age 56. Then, the facial sensory deficit spread to the left side and dysarthria and dysphagia also developed. Since age 58, he often developed respiratory failure and consciousness disturbance. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed alveolar hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis. Disorders of peripheral organs such as lung, airway, thorax and neuromuscular diseases were ruled out. Brain MRI showed cerebral infarction in the brain stem. We diagnosed him as CAH associated with brain stem infarction.
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PMID:[A case of central alveolar hypoventilation syndrome associated with cerebral infarction]. 832 22

Statistically identified information on the relationships between the sites of lesions in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), risk factors such as a smoking or drinking habit, anamnesis, and biochemical data through blood tests will extend assistance to neuromedical clinicians on their daily clinical duties. It will provide them with a useful guide to determine the method of treatment. Also, it will be a basic research material for their clinical studies on diagnosis, progress, or prognosis in ICH. In order to obtain such statistics with the help of the computer, we need to have a computationally effective image database system. As is generally known, medical image data especially requires a great amount of storage; high-speed processing techniques are therefore also needed to deal with such data effectively. In addition, it is desired that we have outputs from the analysis edited with well-visualized effect, using 3D computer graphics, etc. These are why most existing image processing systems have been designed to work on comparatively large-scale computers. So far as we know, it is hard to find a practical and inexpensive personal computer-based application system for visualized statistical analysis of lesional images in ICH. We have developed a desk top computer-based program for statistical analysis of lesional image data of ICH. With this system, we can organize a medical image database that consists of the personal data of patients with ICH (sex, age, occupation, diagnosis, symptoms, part of physical disorder, etc.), risk factors, anamnesis (cerebral apoplexy, hypertension, hypotension, corpulence, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, valvular endocarditis, etc.), biochemical data of blood, and lesional image data from CT or MRI. This system consists of the following components: 1) database management, 2) information retrieval (IR), 3) lesional image processing, 4) statistical analysis, and 5) prognostic prediction. The images are drawn manually on prescribed data sheets by tracing CT or MRI films and are read through the image scanner; then the compressed data of the digitized images is recorded in the database. Each recorded image data consists of the following two components: the frame image that corresponds to the contour of tissues of interest on the corresponding sliced section, and the actual image that corresponds to the lesion itself. In our system, these two images are separately stored and managed so that we can effectively perform subsequent image analysis. Other variables in the database (risk factors, anamnesis, etc.) are mainly used as search keys for making the aggregate of image data by the IR subsystem. In any aggregate, its elements, namely image data, have common medical background descriptions with the search keys. These aggregates can be used as input for the lesional image processing subsystem. With this subsystem, we can obtain the accumulated distribution of frequencies within a specified range of any sliced section, display planar color maps and profiles associated with the distribution, reconstruct it in 3D form, perform transformations of 3D images (zooming, enhancement, rotation, etc.), and test the significant difference of frequencies between any two different sites. We have been making practical use of this system to find the neurological relationship between the symptom (dysarthria, and paralysis of upper/lower limbs) and the site of lesion with cerebral infarction in pons. This study is quite important since the distributions of pyramidal tract related to the above symptom in pons are not well-known compared to those in cerebral cortex, internal capsule, or cerebral peduncle. With our system, we have obtained several findings expected to be helpful for this study. However, since this study is still in the initial phases, we will only present the outcome as a working example of our system. Our system was originally developed for analyzing lesional images with ICH. However, it could
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PMID:A desk top computer program for visualized statistical analysis of lesional images in intracerebral hemorrhage. 859 83

We reported a case of cerebral infarction in a young adult following an abuse of cocaine and other drugs. A 27-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of the abrupt onset of right hemiplegia and dysarthria. Brain CT and MRI examinations showed cerebral infarction in the region of the left caudate head and the left corona radiata. Cerebral angiography revealed total occlusion at the origin of the left middle cerebral artery, with neither vascular malformation nor atherosclerotic change. There were no obvious causes that might lead to cerebral infarction in young adults, including potential cardiac sources of embolism, abnormalities of blood coagulation, or collagen vascular diseases. From his history we learned he had started abusing cocaine and other drugs at the age of 16 years, and that he had been addicted to these drugs up to at least 2 months earlier than the onset of cerebral infarction, so we suggested his drug abuse might have affected the occurrence of cerebral infarction. We would like to emphasize that using 'drugs' should be taken into consideration as a possible cause of cerebral infarction in young adults.
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PMID:[A case of cerebral infarction in a young adult following an abuse of cocaine and other drugs]. 872 Mar 40

A 60-year-old diabetic male presented with transient ischemic attacks. Initial neurological examination and head CT were normal. Dysarthria, ataxia, delirium, and lethargy developed. A diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis was made after lumbar puncture and treatment with intravenous amphotericin B and 5-fluorcytosine was begun. A repeat head CT showed an anterior cerebral artery territory infarct. His condition worsened and he died of associated complications three weeks after admission. The case is used to discuss the association between cryptococcal meningitis and diabetes, transient ischemic attacks, and vasculitis with cerebral infarction.
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PMID:Case of the month: July 1997--diabetic male with transient ischemic attacks. 945 81

We report three cases of effortful echolalia in patients with cerebral infarction. The clinical picture of speech disturbance is associated with Type 1 Transcortical Motor Aphasia (TCMA, Goldstein, 1915). The patients always spoke nonfluently with loss of speech initiative, dysarthria, dysprosody, agrammatism, and increased effort and were unable to repeat sentences longer than those containing four or six words. In conversation, they first repeated a few words spoken to them, and then produced self initiated speech. The initial repetition as well as the subsequent self initiated speech, which were realized equally laboriously, can be regarded as mitigated echolalia (Pick, 1924). They were always aware of their own echolalia and tried to control it without effect. These cases demonstrate that neither the ability to repeat nor fluent speech are always necessary for echolalia. The possibility that a lesion in the left medial frontal lobe, including the supplementary motor area, plays an important role in effortful echolalia is discussed.
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PMID:Effortful echolalia. 953 94

We present a case of right middle cerebral artery occlusion after a controlled ovarian hyperstimulation regimen and cryopreserved embryo transfer (ET) in a previously healthy 22-year-old woman. The patient suffered from nausea and progressive abdominal distension 8 days after ET. Under the diagnosis of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, she was treated with hypertonic solution, albumin infusion, and paracentesis, with some improvement. Left hemiparesis and dysarthria occurred suddenly on the fourth day of hospitalization, 11 days after ET. The neurologic deficits progressed to complete hemiplegia within a few hours. Computed tomography of the head showed infarction in the territory of the right middle cerebral artery. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed occlusion of the main trunk of the right middle cerebral artery. Laboratory studies showed leukocytosis with neutrophil predominance and a hypercoagulable state. The pregnancy was terminated because of progressive tachycardia, dyspnea, and increased abdominal girth despite supportive treatment. The neurologic deficits remained stationary at the time of discharge. This case emphasizes that the recent advent of ovulation induction and assisted reproductive techniques is a newly recognized cause of devastating cerebral infarction in otherwise healthy women.
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PMID:Ischemic stroke in a young woman with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. 970 Feb 49

A 74-year-old woman was admitted because of abdominal pain. A few weeks before this admission she had had a cerebral infarction in the right hemisphere, reflected by a left sided paralysis, dysarthria, depression and a slight cognitive disorder. The night before admission she woke up from a sharp, continuous pain in the right upper abdomen. Physical examination disclosed pain in the right upper abdomen on palpation. Laboratory tests showed a slight elevation of all 'liver' enzymes. A differential diagnosis of cholecystitis or pyelonephritis was made. Additional tests did not confirm either of these diagnoses. Because of immobilisation pulmonary embolism was then suspected. This diagnosis was confirmed by scintigraphy. The patient was treated and made a full recovery. Diagnostic errors can be made by faulty triggering and omitting verification. The diagnostic strategy for pulmonary embolism is a ventilation perfusion scan, which is followed in case of a non high-probability result by pulmonary angiography. It is emphasized that the presentation of pulmonary embolism can be aspecific.
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PMID:[Clinical thinking and decision making in practice. A patient with pain in the upper abdomen]. 1006 38


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