Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty six bereaved relatives were assessed by a general practitioner four to eight weeks after the bereavement. In 36 (78.3 per cent) the immediate reaction to bereavement was one of numbness or stupefaction; in seven (15.2 per cent) emotional relief occurred; and in three cases (6.5 per cent) there was no obvious immediate reaction. The numbness reaction was limited in duration to a week or less in 31 of the 36 instances.At four to eight weeks after bereavement 29 (63.0 per cent) of the subjects continued to experience difficulty in coming to terms with their loss. Twenty subjects reported guilt feelings and a similar number expressed aggressive reactions. The bereaved subjects tended to increase their consumption of cigarettes and alcohol, while their appetite and weight tended to be reduced. Thirty six (78.3 per cent) of the subjects reported physical symptoms, notably headache, dizziness, generalised aches, and abdominal complaints.THE MOST PROMINENT PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF BEREAVEMENT WERE FOUND TO BE: preoccupation with thoughts of the deceased, idealisation of the lost person, depressive mood, and loneliness.The findings are discussed and reference made to the role of the family doctor in the management of bereavement reactions.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1976 May
PMID:A study of bereavement in general practice. 95 95

To examine further the serotoninergic system in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the plasma concentrations of cortisol and prolactin and the behavioral responses after oral administration of MK-212 (6-chloro-2-[1-piperazinyl]-pyrazine), a serotonin agonist, and placebo were studied in 17 patients with OCD and nine normal controls. The two groups did not differ significantly in basal plasma prolactin or cortisol levels. Nevertheless, both the prolactin and cortisol response to oral administration of MK-212 (20 mg) were significantly blunted in the patients with OCD compared with those of the normal controls. MK-212 did not affect the intensity of OCD symptoms. However, MK-212, as compared with placebo, produced slight but statistically significant increases in self-ratings of nausea, dizziness, anxiety, feeling strange, and mixed feelings of calmness and restlessness, as well as depression and feeling high. These behavioral ratings were not significantly different in patients and normal controls. These findings are consistent with previous reports of diminished serotoninergic responsivity in OCD and raise the possibility of subsensitivity of at least some serotonin receptors in this disorder.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990 Sep
PMID:Prolactin and cortisol responses to MK-212, a serotonin agonist, in obsessive-compulsive disorder. 220 27

The possibility that a disorder of brain alpha 2-adrenoceptor sensitivity might contribute to the etiology of panic disorder was examined using a challenge paradigm with the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine. The cardiovascular, psychological, and endocrine actions of 1.5-microgram/kg clonidine hydrochloride given intravenously were assessed in 16 patients and compared with age- and sex-matched controls. Patients with panic disorder showed an increased fall in blood pressure and decreased sedative and endocrine responses as compared with controls. These results suggest that there may be subsensitivity of some, and supersensitivity of other, brain alpha 2-adrenoceptors in panic disorder. In view of the increased cardiovascular responses seen in the present study and other reports of increased responses to the alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine, there may exist an increased lability (decreased damping) of cardiovascular control mechanisms in panic disorder. Such a dysfunction could contribute to the symptoms of panic attacks, such as dizziness, palpitations, and faintness.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989 Feb
PMID:Altered central alpha 2-adrenoceptor sensitivity in panic disorder. 253 39

gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists have been proposed for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia, but their therapeutic potential has been limited by side effects and toxicity. To elucidate further the role of GABA in neuroleptic-induced dyskinesias, we evaluated tetrahydroisoxazolopyridinol (THIP), a new, less toxic GABA analog and GABA receptor agonist, in both a dose-finding (single-dose) pilot study with five patients and a longer (four-week) placebo-controlled study with 13 patients. The patients were videotaped during a standardized examination; tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonian symptoms, and eye-blinking rates were rated blindly and randomly. The maximal short-term dose of THIP was 10 to 25 mg, whereas in the longer-term study the highest daily dose ranged from 20 to 120 mg. Tardive dyskinesia was unchanged during THIP treatment, but preexisting parkinsonism increased significantly and eye-blinking rates decreased. Psychiatric symptoms showed no significant changes, although tension and depression lessened. Side effects included sedation, confusion, dizziness, vomiting, and myoclonic jerks. Although THIP is not an effective new treatment for tardive dyskinesia, more specific GABA agonists should be evaluated in future studies of this syndrome.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982 Sep
PMID:The effect of tetrahydroisoxazolopyridinol (THIP) in tardive dyskinesia: a new gamma-aminobutyric acid agonist. 612 70

On May 21, 1979, an outbreak of illness spread swiftly among elementary school students in a Boston suburb. Of 224 boys and girls attending an assembly, 34 were hospitalized with severe dizziness, weakness, hyperventilation, headache, nausea, and abdominal pain. Sudden remission of symptoms, preponderance in girls, and failure of an extensive epidemiological investigation to detect an organic cause indicated mass hysteria. To test the hypothesis that previous loss influenced a child's vulnerability to current loss and predisposed that child to mass hysteria, we compared the incidence of family disruption in the hospitalized children with that in the nonhospitalized children. A significantly higher rate of parental divorce (P less than .00005) and death within the family (P less than .0005) occurred among the hospitalized children. These findings suggest a relationship between childhood loss and susceptibility to mass hysteria.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982 Jun
PMID:Mass hysteria among schoolchildren. Early loss as a predisposing factor. 709 5

One hundred community-dwelling psychiatric outpatients, 60 years and older, were evaluated for factors associated with symptoms of dizziness, falling, and orthostatic hypotension. Thirty-nine percent complained of dizziness or falling, and 34% had systolic orthostatic hypotension. Together, systolic and diastolic blood pressure drop, type of somatic illness, type and number of drugs, and psychiatric diagnosis accounted for 50% of the variance in dizziness and falling. Type of illness, drug category, and psychiatric diagnosis accounted for only 19% of the variance in orthostatic hypotension. Statistical analysis showed that systolic orthostatic hypotension, disease classification, and type and number of drugs taken contribute independently to dizziness and falling. In geriatric psychiatric patients, careful attention to orthostatic hypotension, concurrent somatic illness, and number and type of medication is essential to the prevention of dizziness, falling, and their consequences.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981 Apr
PMID:A model of risk of falling for psychogeriatric patients. 721 75

In a double-blind crossover study the beta-adrenergic blocking drug propranolol hydrochloride reduced symptoms in 17 of 26 patients with chronic anxiety disorders. Both somatic and psychic symptoms improved as judged by patient and observer ratings. The most frequent side effects (dizziness, fatigue, and insomnia) were difficult to distinguish from anxiety symptoms and were, for the most part, mild. The therapeutic and side effects observed suggested CNS activity of the drug. Although propranolol is of benefit to patients with anxiety, its efficacy, compared with that of other antianxiety drugs, has not been established.
Arch Gen Psychiatry 1980 Dec
PMID:Propranolol in chronic anxiety disorders. A controlled study. 744 18

Vestibular neuronitis is an interesting condition characterized by the acute onset of vertigo, nausea and vomiting, in the absence of hearing loss or tinnitus. There is often evidence of a recent or concurrent upper respiratory tract infection. The disease follows a benign course of between two days and six weeks. It often occurs in epidemics. Following the acute attack, mild transitory episodes of dizziness may recur over a period of 12 to 18 months. Clinical and histopathological evidence suggests that it is caused by an isolated lesion of the vestibular nerve, although the exact aetiology remains obscure. Vestibular neuronitis is a relatively common condition in general practice, but has lacked clear definition, partly as a result of confusion over its nomenclature. Current knowledge of vestibular neuronitis is reviewed. Clinical diagnostic criteria are described, and the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the syndrome in general practice are outlined. There remains a need to describe the occurrence of vestibular neuronitis in general practice in greater detail.
Br J Gen Pract 1993 Apr
PMID:Vestibular neuronitis: a review of a common cause of vertigo in general practice. 832 4

This study surveys Khmer refugees attending two psychiatric clinics to determine both the prevalence of panic disorder as well as panic attack subtypes in those suffering panic disorder. A culturally valid adaptation of the SCID-panic module, the Cambodian Panic Disorder Survey (CPDS), was administered to 89 consecutive Cambodian refugees attending these psychiatric clinics. Utilizing culturally sensitive panic probes, the CPDS provides information regarding both the presence of panic disorder and panic-attack subtypes during the month prior to interview. Of 89 patients surveyed at two psychiatric clinics, 53 (60%) currently suffered panic disorder. Among the 53 patients suffering panic disorder, the most common panic attack subtypes during the previous month were the following: "sore neck" [51% of the 53 panic disorder patients (PDPs)], orthostatic dizziness (49% of PDPs), gastrointestinal distress (26% of PDPs), effort induced (21% of PDPs), olfactory induced (21% of PDPs), and "while-sitting dizziness" (16% of PDPs).
Gen Hosp Psychiatry
PMID:Panic disorder among Cambodian refugees attending a psychiatric clinic. Prevalence and subtypes. 1107 60

The aims of the study were to: 1) assess the validity of the mood and anxiety modules of the PRIME-MD Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) in otorhinolaryngology outpatients consulting with dizziness; and, 2) the prevalence of anxiety and mood disorders in these patients and in 3 subgroups based on of the cause of dizziness (Functional group, with psychogenic or hyperventilation factor; Organic group with an organic cause; Unspecified group without indication of organic or psychogenic cause). The PRIME-MD PHQ was completed by 268 consecutive outpatients. In 97 patients a psychiatric interview was performed. Operating characteristics indicated good criterion validity for the assessed modules of the PRIME-MD PHQ. Thirty five percent of the patients were diagnosed with "Any Anxiety or Depressive Disorder". In the Functional group, the prevalence of "Any Anxiety or Depressive Disorder" was significantly higher than in the Organic group (P<.0001) and than in the Unspecified group (P<.0001). In the Unspecified group, the prevalence of "Any Anxiety or Depressive Disorder" was significantly lower than in the Organic group (P =.007). Our findings support the criterion validity of the PRIME-MD PHQ for anxiety and depressive disorders in otorhinolaryngology outpatients with dizziness. Psychiatric disorders were highly prevalent and differences in psychiatric status between the different subgroups were demonstrated.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry
PMID:Anxiety and mood disorders in otorhinolaryngology outpatients presenting with dizziness: validation of the self-administered PRIME-MD Patient Health Questionnaire and epidemiology. 1297 22


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