Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The impact of industrial toluene exposure was assessed in 262 male employees of two Danish photographic printing plants. The study involved assessment of acute and chronic exposure based on a scoring system, standardised questions, measurement of blood pressure, pulmonary functions, and the plasma concentrations of urate, creatinine, creatine kinase, alanine-aminotransferase, FSH, LH, testosterone, sexual hormone binding globulin, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and cortisole (following synacthen). The potentially confounding factors: age, weight, height, alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking were included in statistical analysis which showed that systolic blood pressure (p less than 0.01), P-P-FSH (p less than 0.001), dizziness (p less than 0.0001), decreased ability to concentrate (p less than 0.001), and dizziness during the past year (p less than 0.01) were correlated with the exposure score. Following six weeks without exposure, systolic blood pressure and P-ALAT decreased, the latter being correlated with the exposure score.
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PMID:Health effects of toluene exposure. 335 18

A prospective study was performed of the correlation of ventricular late potentials (LP) and clinical parameters in patients after acute myocardial infarction. To evaluate the prognostic significance of the signal-averaged-electrocardiogram (SAECG) in risk stratification of sudden cardiac death and arrhythmogenic events, the clinical characteristics of these post-infarction patients were performed in a follow-up-period. 243 consecutive patients underwent SAECG for detection of late potentials in the second week after acute myocardial infarction. After a mean follow-up of 9 months the patients were asked a standardized questionnaire. Late potentials are independent of age, sex, left ventricular ejection fraction, peak activity of MB fraction of creatine kinase, and the cardiovascular risk factors in postinfarction patients. In patients, who received thrombolytic therapy, the incidence of late potentials is lower (p < 0.05) and in patients with posterior wall infarction it is significantly higher (p < 0.04). In the follow-up period patients with abnormal SAECG show a significantly higher rate of angina pectoris, palpitations, dizziness, and syncope. By way of contrast, postinfarction patients with normal SAECG feel mainly comfortable in the follow-up (p < 0.01). The mortality was even in both groups. Sudden cardiac death in the late postinfarction period shows a significant correlation with the finding of late potentials in SAECG in the early myocardial infarction period (p < 0.01). The SAECG for detection of late potentials as a non-invasive investigation in the early postinfarction period characterizes patients with an arrhythmogenic risk, especially sudden cardiac death, independent of other conventional methods. Furthermore, the impaired patient with clinical symptoms in the late postinfarction period is hereby identified.
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PMID:[Late potentials in the diagnosis of post-infarction patients: arrhythmogenic risk and clinical symptomatology]. 948 May 81

Gabapentin is an antiepileptic medication that also has been used for restless legs syndrome. The mechanism of action is unknown. The most commonly reported adverse effects of this medication include somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, fatigue, nystagmus, and tremor. Myalgia has been reported in 2% of gabapentin users compared with 1.9% of patients in placebo-controlled add-on trials. Two patients on short daily hemodialysis therapy developed neuromuscular symptoms and an elevation in creatine kinase levels after starting gabapentin therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of an increase in creatine kinase level after the administration of gabapentin.
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PMID:Gabapentin-induced myopathy in 2 patients on short daily hemodialysis. 1595 20

Scatophagus argus of the family Scatophagidae inflicts painful wounds in fishermen during handling. The clinical picture is characterized by excruciating and persistent local pain disproportionate to the size of injury, redness, swelling and a throbbing sensation that extends to the limbs, followed by dizziness. The biological properties of the S. argus venom were studied to assess its risk and lethal factors with regard to human welfare. In contrast to other fish venoms, S. argus showed relatively low LD50 (9.8 mg/kg via i.p.). Haemolytic activity in human erythrocytes was recorded. Platelet lysis expressed as LDH activity of lysed cells was dose dependent. S. argus venom failed to induce any clot in human plasma. No PLA(2) activity was found in S. argus venom. Mild proteolytic activity was observed. The injection of venom in mice produced lesions and nociception, which were not inhibited by antihistamine pheniramine maleate, suggesting that histamine was not involved in the inflammatory process. The increase in serum creatine kinase activity indicated myotoxicity. Cytotoxicity on HeLa cells was observed. The spectrum of activity in experimental animals of S. argus crude venom resembles those of other fish venoms previously studied and well correlated to the systemic manifestations that are described for S. argus envenomation.
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PMID:Biological and biochemical properties of Scatophagus argus venom. 1759 79

This open-label multicenter study evaluated the long-term safety and efficacy of intrathecal ziconotide and included 78 patients with chronic pain who had completed one of two previous ziconotide clinical trials. Each patient's initial ziconotide dose was based on his or her dose from the study of origin and was adjusted as necessary on the basis of adverse events and analgesic effect. The median ziconotide dose was 6.48 mcg/day (range, 0.00-120.00 mcg/day) at the Initial Visit and ranged from 5.52 to 7.20 mcg/day across all study visits. The most commonly reported new adverse events that were considered ziconotide related were memory impairment (11.3%); dizziness, nystagmus, and speech disorder (8.5% each); nervousness and somnolence (7.0% each); and abnormal gait (5.6%). There was no evidence of increased adverse event incidence at higher cumulative ziconotide doses. Elevations in creatine kinase were noted, but the proportion of patients with creatine kinase elevations did not change from the Initial Visit to the Termination Visit (4.1% each). Stable mean Visual Analog Scale of Pain Intensity scores during the three years of the study suggested no evidence of increased pain intensity with increased duration of ziconotide exposure. Long-term treatment with ziconotide appeared to be well tolerated and effective in patients whose response to ziconotide and ability to tolerate the drug had been previously demonstrated.
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PMID:Long-term intrathecal ziconotide for chronic pain: an open-label study. 1871 48

Ziconotide is a conopeptide intrathecal (IT) analgesic which is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the management of severe chronic pain. It is a synthetic equivalent of a naturally occurring conopeptide found in the venom of the fish-eating marine cone snail and provides analgesia via binding to N-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels in the spinal cord. As ziconotide is a peptide, it is expected to be completely degraded by endopeptidases and exopeptidases (Phase I hydrolytic enzymes) widely located throughout the body, and not by other Phase I biotransformation processes (including the cytochrome P450 system) or by Phase II conjugation reactions. Thus, IT administration, low plasma ziconotide concentrations, and metabolism by ubiquitous peptidases make metabolic interactions of other drugs with ziconotide unlikely. Side effects of ziconotide which tend to occur more commonly at higher doses may include: nausea, vomiting, confusion, postural hypotension, abnormal gait, urinary retention, nystagmus/amblyopia, drowsiness/somnolence (reduced level of consciousness), dizziness or lightheadedness, weakness, visual problems (eg, double vision), elevation of serum creatine kinase, or vestibular side effects. Initially, when ziconotide was first administered to human subjects, titration schedules were overly aggressive and led to an abundance of adverse effects. Subsequently, clinicians have gained appreciation for ziconotide's relatively narrow therapeutic window. With appropriate usage multiple studies have shown ziconotide to be a safe and effective intrathecal analgesic alone or in combination with other intrathecal analgesics.
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PMID:Safety and efficacy of intrathecal ziconotide in the management of severe chronic pain. 1970 62

Takotsubo syndrome is characterized by predominantly medial-apical transient left ventricular dysfunction, which is typically triggered by physical or emotional stress. The present article reports the case of a 61-year-old female patient presenting with dizziness, excessive sweating, and sudden state of ill feeling following an episode involving intense emotional stress. The physical examination and electrocardiogram were normal upon admission, but the troponin I and creatine kinase-MB concentrations were increased. Acute myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation was suspected, and coronary angiography was immediately performed, which showed severe diffuse left ventricular hypokinesia, medial-apical systolic ballooning, and a lack of significant coronary injury. The patient was referred to the intensive care unit and was successfully treated with supportive therapy. As this case shows, Takotsubo syndrome might simulate the clinical manifestations of acute myocardial infarction, and coronary angiography is necessary to distinguish between both myocardial infarction and myocardial infarction in the acute stage. The present patient progressed with spontaneous resolution of the ventricular dysfunction without any sequelae.
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PMID:Pseudo-acute myocardial infarction due to transient apical ventricular dysfunction syndrome (Takotsubo syndrome). 2388 62

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging hemorrhagic fever in rural areas of China and is caused by a new bunyavirus, SFTSV, named after the disease. The transmission vectors and animal hosts of SFTSV are unclear. Ticks are the most likely transmission vectors and domestic animals, including goats, dogs, and cattle, are potential amplifying hosts of SFTSV. The clinical symptoms of SFTS are nonspecific, but major symptoms include fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, myalgia, dizziness, joint pain, chills, and regional lymphadenopathy. The most common abnormalities in laboratory test results are thrombocytopenia (95%), leukocytopenia (86%), and elevated levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase. The fatality rate for SFTS is 12% on average, and the annual incidence of the disease is approximately five per 100000 of the rural population.
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PMID:An emerging hemorrhagic fever in China caused by a novel bunyavirus SFTSV. 2391 41

Intercoronary communication is a very rare coronary artery anomaly. It is defined as an open-ended circulation with bidirectional blood flow between two coronary arteries. Coronary artery fistulas are abnormal communications between a coronary artery and a cardiac chamber or major vessel. A 62-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with sudden development of general weakness, dizziness and a sensation of compression in his chest. At presentation his blood pressure was 80/40 mmHg and heart rate was 65 beats/min. The ECG revealed sinus rhythm and 1-2 mm ST elevation in the anterior leads. The patient was taken to the catheterization laboratory for percutaneous coronary intervention. The left main and left circumflex coronary arteries were normal. Coronary angiography showed a communication between the left main and the diagonal branch of the left anterior descending and a fistula between the intercoronary connection and the left atrium. The other coronary arteries were normal. Laboratory test results, including cardiac troponin I and creatine kinase-MB levels, were normal. The angina symptoms disappeared and the ST elevation resolved within four hours. We report an interesting case of congenital coronary artery fistula in an intercoronary communication between the left main and the diagonal branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery presenting as an acute coronary syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature involving a coronary artery fistula in an intercoronary communication.
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PMID:Congenital coronary artery fistula in an intercoronary communication between the left main and the diagonal branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery: an interesting case report. 2441 22

Background McArdle disease (Glycogen Storage Disease type V) is caused by an absence of muscle phosphorylase leading to exercise intolerance,myoglobinuria rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. This is an update of a review first published in 2004.Objectives To review systematically the evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of pharmacological or nutritional treatments for improving exercise performance and quality of life in McArdle disease.Search methods We searched the Cochrane Neuromuscular Disease Group Specialized Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE on 11 August 2014.Selection criteria We included RCTs (including cross-over studies) and quasi-RCTs. We included unblinded open trials and individual patient studies in the discussion. Interventions included any pharmacological agent or nutritional supplement. Primary outcome measures included any objective assessment of exercise endurance (for example aerobic capacity (VO2) max, walking speed, muscle force or power and fatigability). Secondary outcome measures included metabolic changes (such as reduced plasma creatine kinase and a reduction in the frequency of myoglobinuria), subjective measures (including quality of life scores and indices of disability) and serious adverse events.Data collection and analysis Three review authors checked the titles and abstracts identified by the search and reviewed the manuscripts. Two review authors independently assessed the risk of bias of relevant studies, with comments from a third author. Two authors extracted data onto a specially designed form.Main results We identified 31 studies, and 13 fulfilled the criteria for inclusion. We described trials that were not eligible for the review in the Discussion. The included studies involved a total of 85 participants, but the number in each individual trial was small; the largest treatment trial included 19 participants and the smallest study included only one participant. There was no benefit with: D-ribose,glucagon, verapamil, vitamin B6, branched chain amino acids, dantrolene sodium, and high-dose creatine. Minimal subjective benefit was found with low dose creatine and ramipril only for patients with a polymorphism known as the D/Dangiotens in converting enzyme(ACE) phenotype. A carbohydrate-rich diet resulted in better exercise performance compared with a protein-rich diet. Two studies of oral sucrose given at different times and in different amounts before exercise showed an improvement in exercise performance. Four studies reported adverse effects. Oral ribose caused diarrhoea and symptoms suggestive of hypoglycaemia including light-headedness and hunger. In one study, branched chain amino acids caused a deterioration of functional outcomes. Dantrolene was reported to cause a number of adverse effects including tiredness, somnolence, dizziness and muscle weakness. Low dose creatine (60 mg/kg/day) did not cause side-effects but high-dose creatine (150 mg/kg/day) worsened the symptoms of myalgia.Authors' conclusions Although there was low quality evidence of improvement in some parameters with creatine, oral sucrose, ramipril and a carbohydrate rich diet, none was sufficiently strong to indicate significant clinical benefit.
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PMID:Pharmacological and nutritional treatment for McArdle disease (Glycogen Storage Disease type V). 2115 53


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