Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The antihypertensive effect of a new vasodilating drug, pinacidil, was compared with prazosin in a randomized, open study in general practice including 131 patients with a sitting diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between 100-115 mmHg. At inclusion 108 patients were untreated and the remaining patients were on treatment with thiazide diuretics and/or beta-blockers. The aim was to reduce the sitting DBP to less than or equal to 95 mmHg, which was achieved in 85% of the patients treated with pinacidil and in 77% of the patients treated with prazosin (NS). In the responding patients the reductions were (mean +/- SD) 16 +/- 7 mmHg (p less than 0.001) and 13 +/- 6 mmHg (p less than 0.001) in the pinacidil group (n = 60) and the prazosin group (n = 46), respectively (p less than 0.10). During 5 months of maintenance therapy no statistically significant differences in blood pressures between the two treatment groups were present. Side-effects were typical of vasodilator therapy, i.e. headache, dizziness, tachycardia and edema, leading to discontinuation of therapy in 10 patients in each treatment group. Heart rate (HR) was increased with pinacidil and unchanged with prazosin. Edema was frequently seen with pinacidil and dizziness with prazosin. Because of edema a thiazide diuretic was given to nine patients in the pinacidil group and two patients in the prazosin group. No clinically significant changes in ECG and biochemical variables were observed. In conclusion, the study has demonstrated that pinacidil is as effective an antihypertensive agent as prazosin. Pinacidil may be used as monotherapy. However, the study suggests that pinacidil should be used as add-on therapy to thiazide diuretics.
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PMID:The antihypertensive effect of pinacidil versus prazosin in mild to moderate hypertensive patients seen in general practice. 318 83

Pinacidil, a new cyanoguanidine derivative, is an antihypertensive agent with arteriolar vasodilating properties, which acts on precapillary resistance vessels. A trial was carried out in 30 patients with essential hypertension WHO I-II. The treatment period was divided into three phases. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) and amiloride were administered for 4 weeks in Phase 1 and supine and standing blood pressure decreased significantly. During Phase 2 pinacidil was added to HCTZ/amiloride for the following 3 months. A further significant reduction in blood pressure was obtained. In the next period of treatment (Phase 3) patients were divided into two groups. For 1 month Group A (15 patients) received pinacidil alone and Group B (15 patients) received HCTZ/amiloride. Conventional laboratory blood tests in all patients remained unchanged during treatment. Reported side effects during Phase 2 were headache (2 patients), dizziness (3 patients), palpitations (2 patients) and ankle oedema (2 patients). Plasma renin activity was slightly increased at the end both of Phases 1 and 2. Plasma catecholamines were increased but not significantly at the end of Phase 2 as compared to Phase 1. The results indicate that pinacidil is effective in lowering blood pressure in mild to moderate essential hypertension.
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PMID:Effect of pinacidil on blood pressure, plasma catecholamines and plasma renin activity in essential hypertension. 389 69

Twenty three patients with essential hypertension who were uncontrolled on diuretic and/or beta-receptor antagonist therapy were treated additionally with the vasodilator, pinacidil, in an open study. Significant reduction in mean blood pressure was achieved. Supine and erect systolic and diastolic blood pressure fell by 44/25 mmHg and 37/24 mmHg respectively over the study period of 12 weeks. Side-effects such as dizziness, headache, facial flushing and mild oedema were experienced by 10 patients during the study, all of which were mild and transient and did not require withdrawal from pinacidil therapy. Pinacidil is an effective and well tolerated agent in the treatment of essential hypertension.
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PMID:Pinacidil, a new vasodilator, in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension. 400 40

Pinacidil is a new and potent vasodilator, which has recently been used in the treatment of various forms of hypertension. In this study pharmacokinetic parameters were determined following administration of intravenous (0.2 mg/kg) and capsule (12.5 mg) formulations of pinacidil to twelve healthy volunteers. The serum half-life (t1/2) and volume of distribution (Vd) of pinacidil were 2.04 +/- 0.40 h and 1.4 +/- 0.4 l/kg respectively, while the elimination rate constant (k el) was 0.34 +/- 0.07 h-1. The mean bioavailability of pinacidil (capsule formulation) was 57% +/- 16 S.D. Mild side-effects such as dizziness, headache and fatigue were noted in two volunteers following intravenous administration of pinacidil, while no side-effects were reported with the oral formulation.
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PMID:Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of pinacidil capsules in human volunteers. 400 51