Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The investigators conducted a clinical study on antithrombotic effectiveness in ischemic stroke at Siriraj Hospital Medical School, Mahidol University from May 1987 to May 1989. Twenty-nine patients, 16 males and 13 females were enrolled in the study. The ages of the patients ranged from 30-87 years with a mean age of 63 +/- 11 years. Ticlopidine (250 mg) could significantly inhibit platelet aggregation induced by ADP and collagen within 24 hours of drug administration. After 1 week to 6 months, only aggregation by ADP was still inhibited significantly without significant effects on fibrinolytic activity and prostacyclin. Hematocrit was significantly decreased at the 1st and 2nd month of treatment. Serious side effects were skin rash and severe headache while the other common ones were dizziness, and diarrhea but these effects disappeared without discontinuing the drug. Most patients who suffered from nausea, diarrhea and headache, had temporary elevated SGPT. It may be concluded that only half of the recommended dose of ticlopidine has inhibitory effects on both phases of ADP-induced aggregation without interfering with fibrinolytic activity and can maintain prostacyclin. However, it also possesses either serious or common side-effects. This drug, therefore, should be used with the awareness of the clinician.
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PMID:Clinical study on antithrombotic effects of ticlopidine in ischemic stroke. 174 38

Patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) in the vertebrobasilar artery more often complain of disturbance of equilibrium, such as vertigo or dizziness, than of auditory disorders, such as hearing impairment or tinnitus. The author induced TIA in rabbits by injecting adenosine diphosphate (ADP) into the right vertebral artery. Observations of rotatory nystagmus have shown that a peak level of directional preponderance appeared 1 minute after injection of ADP (0.3mg/kg b.w.) and continued for more than 4 minutes. On the other hand, the amplitude of auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) presented no significant changes following the injection of ADP (0.5mg/kg b.w.). However, greater amounts of ADP (1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg b.w.) were found to reduce the amplitude of ABR-waves, although significant reduction was observed for only less than 1 minute. This change was represented by flattening of the later part of the waves, with the first wave much less affected. Electrocochleogram (E. Coch. G.) have also demonstrated a transient reduction in amplitude 10 seconds after injection of ADP (4.0mg/kg b.w.) with correspondingly rapid recovery. In cases of hypertension due to noradrenaline load or trimethaphan-induced hypotension, reduced amplitudes were more profound and continued longer, returning to its normal range within 1 minute. Differences in susceptibility between the equilibrium system and auditory system in TIA of the vertebrobasilar artery are discussed.
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PMID:[Difference in susceptibility between auditory and equilibrium function in rabbits with experimentally-induced transient ischemic attack]. 274 23

Many patients suffering from episodic vertigo have no cochlear symptoms. These patients have so far been diagnosed as having Meniere's disease of the vestibular type. However, the underlying mechanisms are still to be established. In the present study, we investigated platelet aggregability in patients with dizziness, Meniere's disease, sudden deafness and facial palsy, to examine whether abnormalities in platelet aggregation is one of the causes of episodic vertigo. In 36 patients with dizziness, in 13 with Meniere's disease, in 7 sudden deafness, and in 7 facial palsy, platelet aggregability to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was assessed by optometric technique. It was found that platelet aggregability was increased in the patients with dizziness as well as with Meniere's disease, sudden deafness and facial palsy and only the two former patient groups showed a tendency of hyperlipidemia. The administration of antiplatelet and lipidemia drugs resulted in no recurrence of vertigo during at least 3 months' follow-up. Hence, the results of our study suggest that a possible initializing factor of vertigo without cochlear symptoms might be disturbed microcirculation due to platelet hyperaggregability.
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PMID:Increased platelet aggregability in patients with vertigo, sudden deafness and facial palsy. 874 72

Cilostazol is an antiplatelet agent with vasodilating properties that has been used in the treatment of patients with peripheral ischaemia such as intermittent claudication. The drug inhibits platelet aggregation induced by ADP, collagen and arachidonic acid. Unlike aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), cilostazol inhibits both primary and secondary aggregation. It also acts as a vascular vasodilator by inhibiting calcium-induced contractions while having no direct effect on contractile proteins. In double-blind randomised trials, patients with intermittent claudication receiving cilostazol showed significant improvements versus placebo in terms of time to initial pain and maximal walking or absolute claudication distance; these findings were confirmed by cilostazol patients' positive responses on subscales measuring physical functioning and quality of life. In a 24-week randomised double-blind trial in patients with intermittent claudication, cilostazol 100mg twice daily produced significant improvements in pain-free and maximum walking distances, compared with pentoxifylline (oxpentifylline) 400mg 3 times daily and placebo. Cilostazol has been well tolerated, with the most common adverse events being headache, diarrhoea, abnormal stools and dizziness.
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PMID:Cilostazol. 1006 9

Clopidogrel is a thienopyridine antiplatelet agent that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-dependent platelet activation and aggregation and is currently one of the most widely prescribed antiplatelet drugs for the treatment of symptomatic coronary artery disease. Several large clinical trials have demonstrated that it has a potent protective effect against adverse vascular events, including coronary, cerebral, and peripheral arterial disease. These clinical trials have reported among other clopidogrel's adverse effects, the adverse effects related to the central nervous system including headache and dizziness occurring in 7.6% and 6.2% of patients, respectively. Aim of this study is to detect possible effect of clopidogrel on human psychomotor performance in healthy volunteers. Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, balanced, between-subject design at laboratories of the pharmacology department in Al-Mustansiryiah University Medical College, Baghdad, Iraq, during the academic year 2007-2008. Fifty-four young healthy volunteers were enrolled, they received either single oral doses of clopidogrel 37.5 mg (Plavix; Sanofi-Synthelabo) or placebo. Each treatment was given to 27 subjects. Measurements of psychomotor performance including the choice reaction time and its 2 components, recognition reaction time and movement reaction time, and the critical flicker fusion threshold using the computerized Leed psychomotor tester were performed just before medication and 2 hours afterward. No statistically significant difference in the parameters measured was detected among the two treatment groups. In this study, we found that single oral doses of clopidogrel in our group of normal healthy volunteers did not affect their psychomotor performance.
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PMID:A double-blind placebo-controlled investigation of the psychomotor profile of clopidogrel in healthy volunteers. 1903 35

A 64-year-old female receiving clopidogrel and aspirin antiaggregation therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention for non-STEMI myocardial infarction developed nontraumatic bilateral subdural hematoma with dizziness, vertigo and headache. Craniotomy had to be postponed because of reduced ADP platelet aggregability. Four days after clopidogrel withdrawal and transfusion of 12 platelet concentrate units, ADP aggregation transiently normalized and bilateral trepanation with hematoma evacuation was performed. The procedure was followed by excellent neurologic and clinical recovery; however, decreased platelet aggregability was recorded by postoperative day 12 despite strict clopidogrel and other platelet inhibitor withdrawal. Suspicion of Glanzmann thrombastenia was excluded by flow cytometry. Two weeks after neurosurgery, the right femoral vein thrombosis was detected by color doppler ultrasonography and therapy with fractionated heparin was initiated, followed by warfarin. The risk and incidence of hemorrhagic complications of antiaggregation and anticoagulation therapy are discussed. Caution is warranted on prescribing this potentially harmful therapy to older patients, generally burdened with other chronic comorbidities.
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PMID:Nontraumatic bilateral subdural hematoma caused by antiaggregation therapy: case report and review of the literature. 2108 34