Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The large number of antidepressants available provides a wide range of choice. While clinical effectiveness is the most important consideration, toxicity in overdose must be considered in the risk-benefit assessment of each antidepressant. There are almost 300 deaths each year in Britain from tricyclic overdose, and very few deaths from newer antidepressants. Fluvoxamine appears to have low toxicity in overdose. Symptoms are often minimal: nausea, vomiting, dizziness and somnolence. There is one reported case of prolonged cerebral depression after ingestion of 5.5 g. Overdoses of up to 9 g have produced minimal symptoms and full recovery. No deaths from overdose with fluvoxamine alone have been reported in the literature, although one death certificate in Britain has mentioned fluvoxamine as the cause of death. Fluvoxamine appears to be a valuable alternative to the tricyclic antidepressants, and has a high margin of safety in overdose.
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PMID:Overdose and safety with fluvoxamine. 180 34

The psychopharmacological effects of fluvoxamine, 50 mg twice a day, were compared with those of mianserin, 20 mg twice a day, and placebo, each given for 8 days in a double-blind crossover design to 9 healthy human volunteers. At least one week was left between the 8-day courses of drugs. Testing was carried out before and 3 h after taking the morning dose on Days 1 (pre-drug), 4, and 8, and comprised EEG, cognitive and psychomotor tasks, and self-ratings of mood and bodily symptoms. Fluvoxamine had no effect on any of the EEG wavebands, but mianserin increased voltages in the slow wavebands as compared with placebo. This effect was particularly pronounced on Days 4 and 8. Mianserin significantly decreased critical flicker fusion frequency and speed of reaction time, and slowed down tapping rate; digit symbol substitution and symbol copying test performances were also impaired by mianserin. These effects were most marked after the first dose and had lessened somewhat later in the week. Symbol copying was the only task impaired by fluvoxamine as compared with placebo. Mianserin caused drowsiness after the first dose but this effect declined by Day 8. By contrast, fluvoxamine induced feelings of anxiety, sweatiness, trembling, nausea, loss of appetite, restlessness, muscle tension, irritability, tiredness, headache, and dizziness; these effects were most evident in the middle of the week and relatively reduced at the end of the week. Mianserin produced a few of these effects but they tended to be maximal on Day 1 or 4 and then to wear off.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The psychopharmacological effects of repeated doses of fluvoxamine, mianserin and placebo in healthy human subjects. 308 44

1 The effects of fluvoxamine to a maximum of 300 mg daily were compared with those of imipramine to a maximum of 200 mg daily, in 151 patients with primary major depression. 2 Four weeks of treatment with fluvoxamine resulted in 67.2% improvement (+/- s.d. 21.6) on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (26 items). Treatment with imipramine showed 62.1% improvement (+/- s.d. 29.5) on this scale. 3 Fluvoxamine had no untoward effects on the cardiovascular system, while imipramine produced systematic increases in the postural fall in blood pressure. Dry mouth, nausea, daytime somnolence and tremor were seen with fluvoxamine treatment, while imipramine was associated with dry mouth, daytime somnolence, dizziness and tremor. 4 We conclude that fluvoxamine seems to have the same general antidepressant efficacy as imipramine. It was not associated with any safety problems and was generally well tolerated.
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PMID:A double-blind controlled clinical trial comparing fluvoxamine with imipramine. 640 1

The efficacy and safety of fluvoxamine maleate, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, was compared with placebo and imipramine in patients with major depressive disorder. Previous literature has cited a dose range of 100 to 300 mg/day of fluvoxamine maleate for the treatment of major depression; however, this study demonstrates that a dose range of 50 to 150 mg/day is as effective as imipramine (80-240 mg/day). After a 1- to 2-week, single-blind, placebo washout phase, 150 depressed outpatients were randomized to double-blind treatment with fluvoxamine maleate (50-150 mg/day), imipramine (80-240 mg/day), or placebo for 6 weeks. Fluvoxamine produced a significant therapeutic benefit over placebo (p < or = 0.05) as assessed by the total score on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; imipramine (80-240 mg/day) produced similar results. The secondary outcome variables (i.e., Clinical Global Impression severity of illness item and 56-Item Hopkins Symptom Checklist depression factor) also showed significant differences between fluvoxamine maleate and placebo during three of the four final weeks of the study. Both fluvoxamine maleate and imipramine appeared to be safe and well tolerated by the majority of patients. As expected from the pharmacology of these agents, the imipramine groups reported more anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, dizziness, and urinary retention) and electrocardiographic effects, whereas the fluvoxamine group reported more nausea, somnolence, and abnormal ejaculation. The majority of these adverse events were mild to moderate and, with the exception of dry mouth (imipramine) and abnormal ejaculation (fluvoxamine), were transient. The data clearly demonstrate the antidepressant activity and tolerability of fluvoxamine maleate (50-150 mg/day) as compared with placebo; it is also as effective as the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (80-240 mg/day) in patients with major depressive disorder.
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PMID:Fluvoxamine maleate in the treatment of depression: a single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison with imipramine in outpatients. 869 Aug 26

Fluvoxamine (Depromel), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), was launched in May 1999 in Japan with more than 10 years' delay from the marketing in Europe and the United States. Fluvoxamine has been approved in about 80 countries as the indication to "depression" since 1983. As the indication to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), fluvoxamine was first approved in the United States in 1994 and then in about 30 countries. Efficacy of the drug on "depression and depressed state" was found to be comparable to traditional tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) by the clinical studies in Japan. Indication to OCD was first approved for fluvoxamine in Japan. The antidepressant and the anti-OCD action are considered the result of the serotonin reuptake inhibition at the serotonergic neurons. Fluvoxamine has little affinity for muscarinic, adrenergic alpha 1- and histamine H1-receptors, which TCAs have. Therefore, fluvoxamine possesses less side effects such as dry mouse, disuria, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension and drowsiness, etc.; and it is useful for elderly patients and long-term treatments for depression and OCD.
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PMID:[Pharmacological and clinical aspects of fluvoxamine (Depromel), the first selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor approved for clinical use employed in Japan]. 1087 78

A prospective, open-label clinical trial was conducted for two aims: first, to evaluate the role of fluvoxamine, one of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, in the treatment of dizziness for the first time and to investigate its effective mechanisms. Second, to test the hypothesis that dizziness in patients without abnormal neuro-otologic findings would be induced by psychiatric disorders rather than by unnoticed neuro-otologic diseases. Nineteen patients with neuro-otologic diseases (Group I) and 22 patients in whom standard vestibular tests revealed no abnormal findings (Group II) were treated by fluvoxamine (200 mg/day) for eight weeks. Subjective handicaps due to dizziness using a questionnaire, anxiety and depressive symptoms measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and stress hormones (vasopressin and cortisol) were examined before and 8 weeks after treatment. Overall, fluvoxamine decreased subjective handicaps of both Groups I and II. Fluvoxamine decreased HADS of only patients whose subjective handicaps were reduced (=responders) in both groups, suggesting that fluvoxamine was effective for dizziness via psychiatric action rather than a recovery of vestibular function through serotonergic activation. In non-responders of Group II, pre-treatment HADS was higher than in Group I non-responders and it was not decreased by the treatment, suggesting that dizziness of Group II non-responders was due to severe psychiatric disorders rather than unnoticed neuro-otologic diseases. Anxiety and depression components of HADS showed a good correlation at both pre- and post-treatment periods. No post-therapeutic decrease was observed in either vasopressin or cortisol even in responders, suggesting that dizziness was not the sole cause of stress in chronic dizziness patients. In conclusion, patients with or without physical neuro-otologic deficits who report chronic dizziness accompanied by anxiety and depression (as measured by HADS) showed improvements across a full range of subjective handicaps and psychological distress, while patients with physical neuro-otologic defects and minimal anxiety or depression did not benefit. The main causes of dizziness in patients without physical neuro-otologic findings were psychiatric disorders.
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PMID:Effects of fluvoxamine on anxiety, depression, and subjective handicaps of chronic dizziness patients with or without neuro-otologic diseases. 1821 99