Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

CNS adverse drug events are dramatic, and case reports have influenced clinical opinion on the use of antimalarials. Malaria also causes CNS symptoms, thus establishing causality is difficult. CNS events are associated with the quinoline and artemisinin derivatives. Chloroquine, once considered too toxic for humans, has been the antimalarial of choice for 40 years. While a range of serious CNS effects have been documented during chloroquine therapy, the incidence is unclear (extrapyramidal symptoms occur with an incidence of 1 in 5000). Amodiaquine has a higher incidence of mild CNS effects than chloroquine. Mefloquine therapy causes dose-related transient dizziness. Serious CNS events during mefloquine therapy occur in 1:1200 Asians and 1:200 Caucasians/Africans. Risk factors include dosage, concomitant drug use/interactions, previous history of a CNS event and disease severity. Retreatment (within a month) increases the risk in Asians 7-fold. Studies indicate that the frequency of serious CNS events with mefloquine prophylaxis (1:10,000) is similar to that with chloroquine (1:13,600). Quinine causes cinchonism at standard therapeutic doses. High-tone hearing loss occurs, but irreversible auditory or ocular effects are very rare. The artemisinin derivatives are associated with dose-dependent brain lesions in rodent, canine and nonhuman primates. At low doses, histological injury has been demonstrated, without clinical neurological signs. No significant toxicity has been reported in humans. Other antimalarial drugs are seldom associated with CNS adverse events. Data do not suggest a need to diminish the correct use of the quinoline derivatives. Irreversible effects are extremely rare and usually associated with overdosing or prior history of a serious CNS event. Concomitant therapeutic use of 2 drugs from the same family, or retreatment with the same drug, should be avoided. Onset of drug-associated serious CNS events requires drug discontinuation and future avoidance of the drug.
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PMID:CNS adverse events associated with antimalarial agents. Fact or fiction? 852 12

Metabolic therapy is one of several therapeutic strategies that can be used in patients with lower limb chronic obliterative arterial disease (COAD). Tanakan (EGb76) has demonstrated high efficiency and safety in 9 controlled clinical trials and author's clinical series in patients with lower limb COAD. Improvement with significant increase of pain-free walking distance and beneficial safety profile was observed in all cases. Tanakan (EGb76) is highly effective conventional therapeutic agent for memory and attention disorders, dizziness and balance disturbances in adults and elderly patients. Given a common concomitance of these disorders and lower limb COAD, Tanakan can be recommended as a drug of choice for treatment of chronic obliterative arteriopathy.
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PMID:[Antioxidant and metabolic therapy of lower limb chronic obliterative arterial disease]. 1764 11

The objective of the present study was to estimate the influence of tanakan on the duration of the period needed to achieve vestibular compensation in the patients presenting with peripheral vestibular dizziness in the course of vestibular rehabilitation with the use of the post-urographic system. 72 patients at the age varying from 18 to 42 years (46 women and 26 men) suffering from peripheral vestibular dizziness were treated on an individual basis for the purpose of vestibular rehabilitation 3-5 times per week for a total period of 3-6 weeks. 42 of the 72 patients comprising group 1 were given Tanakan for 3 months at a dose of 40 mg thrice daily, the remaining 30 patients (group 2) continued to receive the vasoactive treatment as prescribed by attending physicians of other medical and diagnostic centres (protocols of their treatment recommended at local medical facilities did not include tanakan therapy). It is concluded that the use of tanakan for the treatment of the patients presenting with peripheral vestibular dizziness accelerates vestibular compensation and reduces the time necessary to achieve vestibular rehabilitation. Moreover, the combined treatment with the application of tanakan makes it possible to decrease the medicamental loading.
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PMID:[The role of tanakan in the improvement of the effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation]. 2558 91