Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A Phase II study of a new fluorinated pyrimidine (TAC-278) was performed in 14 institutions from May 1980 to April 1981. 400-1200 mg of TAC-278 was orally administered in 2 to 4 divided doses every day for more than 4 weeks. Selection of patients and evaluation of clinical response were done according to the criteria for "Evaluation of Clinical Effects of Chemotherapy on Solid Tumors" by Koyama and Saito. A total of 188 patients were entered in the study and 96 of them were evaluable. Partial responses were observed in 9.4% (9/96) of the evaluated cases. Stomach cancer and colorectal cancer showed partial responses in 10.8% (4/37) and 20% (5/25), respectively. As for side effects, slight gastrointestinal symptoms (loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting etc.) were found in 24% and CNS-symptoms such as dizziness and disorientation were observed in approximately 8% of the patients.
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PMID:[Phase II study of a new fluorinated pyrimidine, ethyl (+/-)-t-6-butoxy-5-fluoro-2, 4-dioxohexahydropyrimidine-r-5-carboxylate (TAC-278)]. 718 76

Benzodiazepines remain widely used for the treatment of anxiety disorders despite prominent, often limiting side effects including sedation, muscle relaxation, and ataxia. A compound producing a robust anxiolytic action comparable to benzodiazepines, but lacking these limiting side effects at therapeutic doses (an anxioselective agent), would represent an important advance in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder, and perhaps other anxiety disorders. Here we report that the pyrazolo[1,5-a]-pyrimidine, ocinaplon, exhibits an anxioselective profile in both preclinical procedures and in patients with generalized anxiety disorder, the most common of the anxiety disorders. In rats, ocinaplon produces significant muscle relaxation, ataxia, and sedation only at doses >25-fold higher than the minimum effective dose (3.1 mg/kg) in the Vogel "conflict" test. This anticonflict effect is blocked by flumazenil (Ro 15-1788), indicating that like benzodiazepines, ocinaplon produces an anxiolytic action through allosteric modulation of GABA(A) receptors. Nonetheless, in eight recombinant GABA(A) receptor isoforms expressed in Xenopus oocytes, the potency and efficacy of ocinaplon to potentiate GABA responses varied with subunit composition not only in an absolute sense, but also relative to the prototypical benzodiazepine, diazepam. In a double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial, a 2-week regimen of ocinaplon (total daily dose of 180-240 mg) produced statistically significant reductions in the Hamilton rating scale for anxiety scores. In this study, the incidence of benzodiazepine-like side effects (e.g., sedation, dizziness) in ocinaplon-treated patients did not differ from placebo. These findings indicate that ocinaplon represents a unique approach both for the treatment and understanding of anxiety disorders.
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PMID:Selective anxiolysis produced by ocinaplon, a GABA(A) receptor modulator. 1587 Jan 87

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an enzyme, playing an important role in the redox metabolism of all aerobic cells. It was reported that certain medications, fava beans, and infections can trigger acute hemolytic anemia in patients with G6PD deficiency. An 8-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with blood in the urine, headache, dizziness, fatigue, loss of appetite, and jaundice in the eyes, 24 hours after eating large amounts of fresh, vetch grains. Laboratory investigation revealed hemolytic anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and G6PD deficiency. Approximately 0.5% of fava bean seeds have 2 pyrimidine beta-glycosides called, vicine and convicine. Vetch has 0.731% vicine, 0.081% convicine, and 0.530% beta cyanoalanine glycosides. The aim of this case report is to emphasize the importance of vetch seeds as a cause for hemolytic crisis in our country, where approximately one million tons of vetch is produced per year, especially in the agricultural regions.
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PMID:A hemolysis trigger in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme deficiency. Vicia sativa (Vetch). 1961 21