Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oxamniquine has now been in general use for 11 years for the treatment of schistosomiasis mansoni. Dosage varies with the geographical origin of the parasites due to different susceptibilities of local strains, and the appropriate regimen can be expected to cure over 80% of patients and reduce egg excretion in others by over 90%. The drug has been used safely in all stages of the disease. Some late-stage and complicated forms have shown clinical improvement, and prognosis has been improved in all by the removal of the causative organisms. Toleration is usually good with side effects limited to a mild, transient dizziness. Neuropsychiatric disturbances have been recorded in a small number of patients, and care should be taken in treating subjects with a history of such disorders. Nevertheless, these effects have not limited use of the drug which has been used widely for the field treatment of several million people in rural communities. These schemes have led to reductions in incidence, prevalence and the occurrence of hepatosplenic involvement.
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PMID:A review of clinical experience with oxamniquine. 312 59

Praziquantel and oxamniquine were evaluated under operational conditions for use in mass-treatment campaigns in the Rusizi Plain, Burundi. After 6 weeks, the cure rates for oxamniquine at 20, 30 and 40 mg/kg in children (less than 20 years) were respectively 47%, 67% and 86%; in adults they were 86%, 97% and 97%. The egg reduction rates were over 98% in all groups. For praziquantel at 20, 30 and 40 mg/kg the cure rates in children were respectively 58%, 63% and 78%; in adults, 55%, 87% and 91%. The egg reduction rates were respectively 92%, 96%, 98% and 91%, 98%, 98%. These results were largely confirmed by a follow-up 3 months after treatment. Oxamniquine frequently caused important dizziness and drowsiness, and in 2 cases epileptiform seizures. The side effects of praziquantel were mainly mild transient colics and diarrhoea. The cost of oxamniquine (in Burundi) was twice to three times the cost of praziquantel. Because of its better acceptability and its lower cost, with only slightly less good parasitological results, praziquantel, at 40 mg/kg in a single dose, has been selected as the drug of choice for mass-treatment campaigns in Burundi.
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PMID:Field trials of praziquantel and oxamniquine for the treatment of schistosomiasis mansoni in Burundi. 312 65