Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A syndrome of headache, fatigue, dizziness, paresthesias, chest pain, palpitations and visual disturbances was associated with chronic occult carbon monoxide exposure in 26 patients in a primary care setting. A causal association was supported by finding a source of carbon monoxide in a patient's home, workplace or vehicle; results of screening tests that ruled out other illnesses; an abnormally high carboxyhemoglobin level in 11 of 14 patients tested, and abatement or resolution of symptoms when the source of carbon monoxide was removed. Exposed household pets provided an important clue to the diagnosis in some cases. Recurrent occult carbon monoxide poisoning may be a frequently overlooked cause of persistent or recurrent headache, fatigue, dizziness, paresthesias, abdominal pain, diarrhea and unusual spells.
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PMID:Occult carbon monoxide poisoning. 382 10

Low formaldehyd-concentrations were measured in three Cologne schools (mean 1 = 0,4425; mean 2 = 0,5725; mean 3 = 0,1292 ppm). As the main sources of emission were identified formaldehyd-urea-bound chip-plates in acoustic-ceilings and wainscots. To study the connection between the complaints of pupils and CH20-emissions 1594 pupils of these schools were questioned using a specially elaborated questionnaire. The questions concerned multiple complaints and disturbances of health as well as their anamnesis in chronological relationship with school attendance. Compared to controls consisting of 497 pupils of a school, where no CH2O-emitting chip-plates were used, the inquiry showed a significant increase (p less than 0,00005) of so-called functional disturbances (headache, disorder of concentrating ability, dizziness, nausea), affections of the respiratory tract (irritation of the mucosa of the nose and the pharynx, dry cough) and irritation of the conjunctiva. In regard to the anamneses, the difference between the investigation-group and the control-group was even more significant and additional complaints such as somnipathy, abdominal pain, skin disease were observed frequently. Comparing the normal distribution of so-called functional disturbances in pupils found in literature, the examined group of this study showed an even higher rate of the relative accumulation. The repeated investigation in one school (n = 328) 8 months after removal of the emission-sources demonstrated a very clear reduction of complaints by an average of 71,2 per cent.
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PMID:[Damages to health in schools. Complaints caused by the use of formaldehyde-emitting materials in school buildings]. 737 30

Carbon monoxide poisoning usually results from inhalation of exhaust fumes from motor vehicles, smoke from fires or fumes from faulty heating systems. Carbon monoxide has a high affinity for hemoglobin, with which it forms carboxyhemoglobin. The resulting decrease in both oxygen-carrying capacity and oxygen release can lead to end-organ hypoxia. The clinical presentation is nonspecific. Headache, dizziness, fatigue and nausea are common in mild to moderate carbon monoxide poisoning. In more severe cases, tachycardia, tachypnea and central nervous system depression occur. When carbon monoxide intoxication is suspected, empiric treatment with 100 percent oxygen should be initiated immediately. The diagnosis is confirmed by documenting an elevated carboxyhemoglobin level. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is recommended in patients with neurologic dysfunction, cardiac dysfunction or a history of unconsciousness.
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PMID:Carbon monoxide intoxication. 769 50

Sevoflurane is a "new" volatile inhaled anaesthetic that is currently undergoing phase III clinical trial in Europe and the United States. Owing to the low blood solubility, rapid induction of anaesthesia and emergence from anaesthesia would be expected. In this study, we compared emergence times and haemodynamics in patients receiving either sevoflurane or isoflurane. Furthermore, all adverse effects were recorded and the relationship to the drug administered was rated. METHODS. Fifty ASA physical status I and II patients were studied in an open, prospective, randomised clinical trial. Anaesthesia was induced with fentanyl, thiopentone, and vecuronium for facilitating endotracheal intubation and maintained with sevoflurane or isoflurane, 60% nitrous oxide (N2O) in oxygen (O2), and additional doses of fentanyl (1-2 micrograms/kg.h). The electrocardiogram, blood pressure (non-invasive), O2 saturation, temperature, and end-tidal concentrations of sevoflurane or isoflurane, N2O, and carbon dioxide were monitored continuously. At the end of surgery, administration of sevoflurane or isoflurane and N2O was discontinued without tapering and emergence times were recorded. All adverse events that occurred until the 3rd postoperative day were recorded and the relationship to the inhaled anaesthetic was rated as "none", "unlikely", "possible", "probable", or "highly probable". RESULTS. With the exception of gender, the two patient groups were comparable (Tables 1 and 2). Due to the higher MAC value, mean end-tidal concentrations were higher for sevoflurane (0.82% vs. 0.59% for isoflurane). The duration of anaesthetic exposure was 1.3 MAC h (calculation with FIO2 = 1.0 MAC value) and 3.1 MAC h (calculation with FIO2 = 0.4 in N2O MAC value), respectively, for both inhaled anaesthetics. Pulmonary elimination was faster (Fig. 1) and emergence time shorter (7 min vs. 11.5 min, Table 3) with sevoflurane. There was no difference in the time courses of heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure (Figs. 2 and 3). No adverse effects with a "probable" or "highly probable" relationship to the inhaled anaesthetic were observed. Table 4 shows the adverse events with a possible relationship to the drug administered. Further evaluations of nausea, vomiting, and dizziness are shown in Table 5. DISCUSSION. Emergence time after inhalation anaesthesia depends on pulmonary elimination and MACawake, that is, the end-tidal concentration that would allow opening of the eyes on verbal command. Pulmonary elimination depends on dose applied (MAC h), alveolar ventilation, and blood-gas solubility coefficient. Due to the lower blood-gas solubility coefficient (0.6-0.7 for sevoflurane vs. 1.3-1.4 for isoflurane) and in accordance with the investigations of Frink et al. [4] and Smith et al. [16], emergence time was significantly shorter with sevoflurane. Gender, the only difference between the two patient groups, does not influence pulmonary elimination and MACawake [8]. Supplementing inhalation anaesthesia with fentanyl, there was no difference in the time courses of heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure between sevoflurane and isoflurane. Adverse events with a possible relationship to the inhaled anaesthetic occurred in both groups.
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PMID:[Emergence times, hemodynamics and adverse effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane: an open, randomized, comparative phase iii study]. 797 85

The recent publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, third edition (D.S.M-III) has provided the basis for the separate diagnostic entity of panic disorder. A panic attack is characterized by the abrupt onset of apprehension or fear accompanied by symptoms such as dyspnea, palpitation, chest discomfort, dizziness, sweating, feeling of unreality, and fear of dying. Panic disorder, defined as four panic attacks in a four week period, has a lifetime prevalence of 1 to 2 percent of the general population. In these patients, panic disorders can be provoked by pharmacological challenge with sodium lactate, yohimbine, caffeine and carbon dioxide inhalation. Recently, the relationship between panic disorder and depression became a subject of investigation from various points of view.
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PMID:[Panic disorder]. 800 10

Acute altitude illnesses include acute mountain sickness (AMS), a benign condition involving headache, nausea, vomiting, irritability, insomnia, dizziness, lethargy, and peripheral edema, and potentially lethal high-altitude cerebral edema and pulmonary edema (HAPE). Recent evidence is summarized that AMS is related to cerebral edema secondary at least in part to hypoxic cerebral vasodilation and elevated cerebral capillary hydrostatic pressure. This results in reduced brain compliance with compression of intracranial structures in the absence of altered global brain metabolism. It is postulated that these primary intracranial events elevate peripheral sympathetic activity that acts neurogenically in the lung possibly in concert with pulmonary capillary stress failure to cause HAPE and in the kidney to promote salt and water retention. The adrenergic responses are likely modulated by striking increases of aldosterone, vasopressin and atrial natriuretic peptide. The effects of exercise on altitude-induced illness and various therapeutic regimens (acetazolamide, CO2 breathing, dexamethasone, and alpha adrenergic inhibitors) are discussed in light of this hypothesis.
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PMID:A neurogenic basis for acute altitude illness. 816 37

The effects of zolpidem, codeine phosphate and placebo on respiration were evaluated in a double-blind, randomised, crossover study involving 12 healthy men. Single oral doses of zolpidem 10 or 20 mg, codeine phosphate 60 mg or placebo were administered in the morning. Each treatment was separated by a washout period of at least 72 h. Ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide and mouth occlusion pressure, measured 1 h before and at 1 and 3 h after doses, were not significantly affected by either zolpidem dose; however, codeine phosphate produced a small but significant respiratory suppressant effect at 3 h. Mean inspiratory flow was noninvasively assessed using respiratory inductive plethysmography 1 h predose and at 1 to 5 h postdose. No significant change in mean inspiratory flow was noted after zolpidem 10 mg. Two hours after administration of zolpidem 20 mg, mean inspiratory flow was significantly lower than after placebo, possibly related to some individuals falling asleep during data collection. All volunteers reported adverse events; the most common were slurred speech (in 1 after 10 mg and in 5 after 20 mg of zolpidem), dizziness (in 4 after both 10 mg and 20 mg of zolpidem) and diplopia/blurred vision (in 4 after 20 mg of zolpidem). Zolpidem appears to be well tolerated, with no respiratory suppression up to doses of 10 mg and minimal suppression of mean inspiratory drive at doses of 20 mg.
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PMID:Effects of zolpidem, codeine phosphate and placebo on respiration. A double-blind, crossover study in volunteers. 826 Jan 24

Carbon monoxide poisoning is the leading cause of lethal poisonings in the United States. A growing number of recent reports indicate it is likely underdiagnosed as a cause of headaches, fatigue, dizziness, and other neurologic complaints. The mechanisms by which carbon monoxide exerts toxicity, especially delayed toxicity, are poorly understood. A recent case with a 5 year delay in diagnosis illustrates many of the unique and puzzling aspects of carbon monoxide toxicity.
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PMID:Encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy following carbon monoxide poisoning from a propane-fueled vehicle. 891 24

In recent years in the literature on stapes surgery several changes have been proposed concerning the adoption either of new technologies (Laser) or of surgical techniques preserving middle ear functional structures (stapedoplasty). The Authors carried out a personal case-report on 30 patients suffering from otospongiotic disease, in order to clarify the real advantages and possible applications of the latest developments in small fenestra stapedectomy. Twenty subjects underwent platinotomy with preservation of the stapedial tendon (stapedoplasty), while a simple stapedotomy was performed in the remaining 10 cases, with or without inversion of surgical times (a "rigid system" technique was adopted in 7 patients). CO2 Laser was used on 10 of these patients (33%) in order to carry out certain surgical steps; in particular it was used on 7 subjects who underwent stapedotomy with stapedoplasty (35%) and in 3 cases of traditional stapedotomy (100%). An audiometric examination was conducted on all subjects 1 and 6 months after the operation, in order to evaluate functional recovery; the post-operative stapedial reflex was also studied in patients who underwent stapedoplasty. This research points out the advantages that CO2 Laser gives in the execution of stapes surgery, whatever the type of technique adopted; in particular, the advantages of using this instrument are: -an easier and bloodless performance of the operation, particularly in the case of the preservation of the stapedial tendon; -a greater regularity and precision of the footplate hole than that obtained by drilling, especially in subjects whose stapes are thin, floating, fractured or even obliterated; -less mechanical traumatism on the labyrinth during either the fracturing of the crura or the footplate fenestration, resulting in the reduction of both perceptive hearing loss an dizziness; -a higher incidence of air-bone gap closure mostly in the case of stapedial tendon preservation. On the other hand, the use of inadequate lasers or the lack of reference to exact parameters (beam power and frequence, time of exposure and defocalization), could cause the heating of labyrinthine liquids and so damage the receptorial structures of the inner ear.
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PMID:[Evolution of the operative technique. CO2 laser stapedotomy and stapedoplasty]. 892 68

The consequences of long-lasting and low-grade exposure to carbon monoxide are a matter of debate. During the second world war, lack of petrol led to widespread use of wood as fuel (generator gas vehicles), especially in the Nordic countries. This caused many cases of "acute" or "chronic" carbon monoxide poisoning. Typical symptoms of "chronic poisoning" were headache, dizziness and tiredness. Usually the symptoms disappeared after some weeks or month, but in some patients probably became permanent. The experiences from the generator gas era are now almost forgotten, and chronic carbon monoxide poisoning is easily overlooked. The authors describe two cases of such poisoning. A crane driver at a smelting works developed permanent symptoms after twenty years of exposure. A faulty oil-fired central heating system caused long-lasting symptoms in four members of a family.
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PMID:[Chronic CO poisoning. Use of generator gas during the second world war and recent research]. 926 4


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