Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An overview of the use of kallikrein to treat male sterility is presented. Kallikrein was shown to increase sperm motility in both in vivo and in vitro studies. The vitality and longevity of the sperm are also enhanced. These effects are due to the stimulation of the intracellular concentration of cyclical adenosonemonophosphates in the sperm. Quinine receptors on the sperm surface are assumed to be the mechanism responsible for the kallikrein effect. Kallikrein stimulates spermal penetration of cervical mucus by about 80% and causes a significant increase in total sperm output 3 months from the beginning of treatment. After 2 months of use, kallikrein leads to an increase in the number of normally formed spermatozoa in the ejaculate. Kallikrein is indicated in cases of asthenospermia and oligozoospermia, in some cases of teratozoospermia, in cases of the vegetative-functional congestion syndrome desecribed by Hoffmann, and is recommended in cases of testicular parenchyme damage involving tubulus function. Parenteral administration involves 40 KE (1KE=8mcg) thrice weekly, oral administration 300-600 KE daily. Kallikrein is added directly to the ejaculate in instrumental insemination in cases of therapy-resistant decrease in motility associated with asthenospermia or oligozoospermia. Concentrations of 5 KE per ml ejaculate are used in such cases. Chronic infection, especially in the genital area, and the incidence of dizziness during therapy are contraindications to kellikrein use.
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PMID:[Therapy of male fertility disorders with kallikrein]. 79 6

We report the successful treatment of envenoming by the Gaboon viper (Bitis gabonica) and include results of in vitro investigations of the haemostatic properties of the whole venom. The patient was admitted to casualty soon after the bite with chest tightness, dizziness, nausea and swelling at the site of the bite and was treated immediately with polyspecific antivenom, hydrocortisone, chlorpheniramine and antibiotics. Results of haemostatic investigations were essentially normal on admission but on day 3 the thrombin time became prolonged and was associated with significant hypofibrinogenaemia and elevated D-dimers. Factors V and VIII, antithrombin III and protein C levels and platelet number were not significantly reduced. The haemostatic disturbances persisted for more than 24 h despite treatment with blood products (16 units of cryoprecipitate, 2 units of fresh frozen plasma and 6 units of platelet concentrate). Resolution of the abnormalities occurred only after administration of a further dose of antivenom. The period of hypofibrinogenaemia occurred at a time when venom antigen was undetectable in plasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Studies in vitro with whole venom and a panel of amidolytic substrates commonly employed for measurement of haemostatic proteins revealed significant activity of venom with substrates sensitive to kallikrein and plasmin. The venom inhibited washed platelet aggregation induced by collagen, thrombin, arachidonic acid and the calcium ionophore A23187 in a dose-dependent manner.
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PMID:Accidental envenoming by a Gaboon viper (Bitis gabonica): the haemostatic disturbances observed and investigation of in vitro haemostatic properties of whole venom. 846

Hypertension (HT) is considered to be a potential risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and has been directly related to pathologies such as obesity and dyslipidemias. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) blocked the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone cascade diminishing the production of angiotensin II and the level of bradykinin, produced by the kallikrein-kinin system. Although ACEIs are effective therapeutics in regulating HT, they present several side-effects that can be due to their mechanism of action (as hypotension, cough, dizziness, light-headedness or hyperkalemia) to specific drug molecular structure (skin rash, neutropenia and tasting disorders) or due to associated pathologies in the patients (it has been considered a possible nephrotoxic effect when ACEIs are administered in combination with angiotensin receptor blockers, in patients that present comorbidities as diabetes, acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease). Therefore, it is necessary the searching for new products with ACEI activity that do not produce side effects. Interestingly, species of the plant genus Salvia have been found to possess hypotensive effects. In the present study, we analyzed the effects of the ethanolic extract of Salvia hispanica L. seeds (EESH) on the expression of genes involved in pathways regulating HT. Administration of EESH to hypertensive rats inhibited the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity along with a decrease in Ace and elevation of Agtr1a and Nos3 gene expression, as compared to that in healthy rats. Moreover, these results were similar to those observed with captopril, an antihypertensive drug used as a control. No significant change in the expression of Bdkrb2 gene was observed in the different groups of rats. To conclude, our results demonstrate that EESH regulates blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive rats through transcriptionally regulating the expression of genes that participate in different pathways involving ACE.
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PMID:Ethanolic Extract of Salvia hispanica L. Regulates Blood Pressure by Modulating the Expression of Genes Involved in BP-Regulatory Pathways. 3285 88