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 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An open study was carried out to determine the clinical efficacy of secnidazole in the treatment of acute and chronic cases of amoebiasis. Patients were given 2 g of secnidazole in a single dose or in two divided doses within a 4 h interval. Details were recorded daily by patients of complaints such as fever, lumbar pain, LBM, dizziness, body weakness, bloody mucoid stools, epigastric pains and other symptoms, before and after treatment. Results were analysed for 45 chronic and five acute cases and showed clinical cure of 98% in chronic and 80% in acute cases. The acute group showed a non-significant change (P greater than 0.05) which could be attributed to the small sample size. The treatment regimen proved effective for the eradication of E. histolytica and only two (4%) remained positive after treatment out of the 50 patients initially positive.
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PMID:Efficacy of a single dose of secnidazole in the treatment of acute and chronic amoebiasis. 290 Mar 39

Symptomatic common carotid artery occlusion (CCAO) is rare. We studied 17 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular symptoms and unilateral CCAO on angiography to help clarify clinical and radiologic features. Mean age was 62 years; 65% were women. Predominant symptoms and signs included visual-ipsilateral monocular or retrochiasmal symptoms (88%), motor weakness (88%), sensory disturbance (59%), dizziness/lightheadedness (53%), and syncope (24%). Dysarthria, headache, or involuntary limb shaking occurred less frequently. Positionally related symptoms occurred in approximately two-thirds of the patients. TIAs were often multiple and preceded a stroke or occurred without subsequent stroke in 82%. Hemispheric TIAs contralateral to the CCAO occurred in 41%. Ten patients (59%) suffered stroke, seven (70%) of which were ipsilateral to the CCAO. Vascular risk factors included cigarette use (76%), hypertension (71%), diabetes mellitus (41%), and hyperlipidemia (41%); 82% had two or more risk factors. Known cardiac disease was present in 59%. CCAO was present at the origin of the vessel in most patients. Most had atherosclerotic narrowing of multiple extracranial large vessels. During follow-up, none of the patients had a spontaneous second infarct; five had TIAs, including two with amaurosis fugax, all in the CCAO territory. More restricted external carotid collaterals may, in part, explain the higher frequency of ipsilateral stroke and contralateral TIAs than reported for internal carotid occlusion.
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PMID:Common carotid artery occlusion. 279 68

The electrophysiologic effects and antiarrhythmic efficacy of flecainide were evaluated by electrophysiologic study (EPS) in 20 patients with ventricular tachycardia (VT) refractory to an average 2.9 drugs. In 19 patients EPSs were performed with patients not receiving antiarrhythmic medications and receiving oral flecainide therapy at steady state (mean dose, 235 +/- 67 mg/day). Flecainide significantly increased the QRS complex duration (27%, P less than .001), PR interval (17%, P less than .001), and right ventricular effective refractory periods 8.5% and 21.1% (P less than .01) for the first and second extrastimuli, respectively. During baseline EPS, 17 patients were induced into VT and two were noninducible. Flecainide prevented EPS-induced VT in five patients and the induced VT became slow and hemodynamically stable in three. Two patients who failed flecainide monotherapy were induced into slow hemodynamically stable VT with flecainide in combination with amiodarone. The two noninducible patients, during baseline EPS, had suppression of spontaneous VT with flecainide. Overall, 13 of 20 patients received flecainide either alone or in combination with amiodarone for chronic therapy. Side effects encountered during the study consisted of blurred vision, dizziness, weakness, lethargy, nausea, worsened heart failure and bradyarrhythmias. After a mean 9-month follow-up (3 to 16 months) nine patients remain on flecainide therapy. There were three recurrences of slow, hemodynamically stable VT and no episodes of sudden death. Low-dose flecainide, either alone or in combination with other agents, is effective therapy for certain patients with refractory VT but heart failure remains a significant concern in patients with depressed left ventricular function.
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PMID:Clinical and electrophysiologic effects of flecainide in patients with refractory ventricular tachycardia. 312 56

A number of symptoms that appear to be associated with high blood pressure (headache, dizziness, epistaxis, tinnitus, weakness, drowsiness), and are usually regarded as secondary to hypertension or to antihypertensive drug therapy, were studied in 3858 elderly patients, 67.8% of whom were hypertensive. Of the hypertensive patients, 71.2% were under treatment. Headaches and dizziness were significantly more prevalent in the hypertensive than in the normotensive subjects (32.5 versus 27.4% and 41.5 versus 35.3%, respectively; P less than 0.05) and in treated compared with untreated hypertensives (33.3 versus 29.4% and 43.3 versus 37.1%; P less than 0.05). These differences disappeared after statistical correction for 'awareness of hypertension'. In multiple logistic analysis, female sex, age and awareness of hypertension were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of symptoms, whereas hypertension and antihypertensive treatment were not. We conclude that the presence of these symptoms does not constitute a reliable criterion for starting antihypertensive treatment or judging its efficacy.
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PMID:Prevalence of symptoms generally attributed to hypertension or its treatment: study on blood pressure in elderly outpatients (SPAA). 321 43

The so-called Oriental flushing reaction associated with ingestion of small amounts of alcohol was antagonized by combined antihistamine administration. In stage one of the study, the flushing reaction to low doses of alcohol was produced in Orientals. Most subjects experienced a cutaneous flush, an increase in skin temperature, a decrease in blood pressure, an increase in pulse rate and subjective symptoms such as dizziness, sleepiness, anxiety, headache, generalized weakness and nausea. Before the administration of alcohol, one-half of the subjects were given 50 mg of diphenhydramine (H1 receptor antagonist) and 300 mg of cimetidine (H2 receptor antagonist). The second half received placebo tablets. The clearest difference between the antihistamine group and placebo group was in the skin flushing reaction. The antihistamine group showed a significant reduction in the skin flush. The antihistamine also neutralized the systolic hypotension induced by the administration of alcohol. The possible importance of histamine in the expression of sensitivity to alcohol is considered. The relevance to genetic susceptibility for development of alcoholism is discussed.
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PMID:Antihistamine blockade of alcohol-induced flushing in orientals. 334 71

In the clinical trial of reaferon, introduced intramuscularly and intravenously in different doses (2 X 10(6), 6 X 10(6) and 9 X 10(6) I. U. daily) for 3 days, various side effects were observed. Their intensity depended on the dose of the preparation and the route of administration. The most regular reaction was a rise in temperature, accompanied by slight weakness, headache, loss of appetite, slight dizziness, euphoria. All side effects were transient. No toxic or allergic reactions involving the organs and systems of the body were observed. Low doses of the preparation (2 X 10(6) I. U. daily) promoted an increase in the amount of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, stimulated cellular immunity factors and contributed to the optimal functioning of the interferon systems. High doses (6 X 10(6) to 9 X 10(6) I. U. daily) had a pronounced immunosuppressing effect. On the whole, reaferon proved to be fairly tolerable.
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PMID:[Reactogenicity, toxicity and tolerance of reaferon in healthy volunteers]. 336 74

Two hundred patients clinically certified as suffering from anxiety state were investigated with a view to understanding the clinical manifestation of the condition in Nigeria. We found that 67 symptoms were manifested by those patients, but only 15 symptoms were presented by about 10% of the sample. These common symptoms were: frequent headaches, difficulty in falling asleep, flushing, difficulty in concentrating, rapid or irregular heart beating, weakness, hot flashes, dizziness, feeling of something crawling in the head, heaviness of the head, nervousness, poor appetite, poor sight, nightmares, and chest pain. The five major precipitating factors were physical ailments, studying and examinations, use of drugs, psychological phenomona, pregnancy and childbirth, in decreasing order of magnitude. The most vulnerable age group was between 18 and 23 years old. The first born children account for the highest number of anxiety patients, but as the number of siblings increases, the vulnerability of the last-born increases. Anxiety neurosis as seen here is predominantly a problem of single males and females with secondary school education.
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PMID:Clinical anxiety in Nigeria. 340 42

Formaldehyde is but one of many chemicals capable of causing the tight building syndrome or environmentally induced illness (EI). The spectrum of symptoms it may induce includes attacks of headache, flushing, laryngitis, dizziness, nausea, extreme weakness, arthralgia, unwarranted depression, dysphonia, exhaustion, inability to think clearly, arrhythmia or muscle spasms. The nonspecificity of such symptoms can baffle physicians from many specialties. Presented herein is a simple office method for demonstrating that formaldehyde is among the etiologic agents triggering these symptoms. The very symptoms that patients complain of can be provoked within minutes, and subsequently abolished, with an intradermal injection of the appropriate strength of formaldehyde. This injection aids in convincing the patient of the cause of the symptoms so he can initiate measures to bring his disease under control.
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PMID:Diagnosing the tight building syndrome. 344 98

Subacute carbon monoxide poisoning is commonly misdiagnosed as an influenza-like viral illness. All patients presenting to the triage nurse at University Hospital with flu-like symptoms during February 1985 were asked to give blood samples for carboxyhemoglobin determination. Fifty-five patients (10% of those eligible) with headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, general malaise, or shortness of breath were enrolled in the study. Carboxyhemoglobin levels ranged from 0 to 21%. Thirteen patients (23.6%) of this self-selected subgroup had carboxyhemoglobin levels greater than or equal to 10%. There was no statistically significant difference in carboxyhemoglobin levels between smokers and nonsmokers. More patients using wood heat had elevated carboxyhemoglobin levels than patients using any other form of heating (P less than .05). No patient with a carboxyhemoglobin level greater than or equal to 10% was diagnosed as having subacute CO poisoning by emergency physicians. Physicians must seek out the possibility of CO toxicity in patients with flu-like illness, particularly in inner-city populations during the heating months. Fundoscopy and COHb levels may be useful in selected cases to correctly diagnose patients and avoid a return to a hazardous environment with potentially fatal consequences.
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PMID:Carboxyhemoglobin levels in patients with flu-like symptoms. 359 33

A case of intravenous labetalol in the treatment of a resistant hypertensive emergency is reported. Although there have been several reports of the use of oral labetalol in resistant hypertension, no intravenous administration in hypertensive emergency resistant to other drugs has been reported to date. A 36-year-old black female with BP of 270/160 mm Hg with complaints greater than one month's duration of dizziness, severe headaches, blurred vision, shortness of breath, vomiting, palpitations, flushing, agitation, diarrhea, weakness, and weight loss, was treated successfully with intravenous labetalol after she failed to respond to other established parenteral antihypertensive drugs. The patient received labetalol 20 mg iv bolus, and then 20 mg every ten minutes until a cumulative dose of 200 mg was attained. Labetalol produced a prompt but smooth reduction in BP without any reflex tachycardia or other adverse effects. Intravenous labetalol may be safe and effective for the management of rapid BP control in hypertensive emergencies resistant to other parenteral antihypertensive agents.
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PMID:Intravenous labetalol in the management of resistant hypertensive emergency. 360 97


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