Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the external auditory canal is much less common than squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. Signs and symptoms of the case presented here consisted of a longstanding discharging ear, a progressive hearing loss, and the presence of a circumferential subcutaneous induration in the distal third of the external auditory canal. No dizziness, tinnitus, or facial weakness was present. Computed tomography showed a soft tissue mass in the external auditory canal and middle ear with no lytic areas of the mastoid or the temporal region. A biopsy specimen was interpreted as an adenoid cystic carcinoma. Treatment consisted of radical excision of the external auditory canal via a modified temporal bone resection. This radical approach resulted in the local eradication of the lesion.
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PMID:Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the external auditory canal. 217 99

The Isoparaffins covered in this manuscript are branched aliphatic hydrocarbons with a carbon skeleton length ranging from approximately C10 to C15. They are used in the manufacture of liquid imaging toners, paint formulations, charcoal lighter fluid, furniture polishes and floor clearners. Potential exposure exists in the petroleum, printing and paint industries. Isoparaffins have a very low order of acute toxicity, being practically non-toxic by oral, dermal and inhalation routes. However, aspiration of liquid isoparaffins into the lungs during oral ingestion could result in severe pulmonary injury. Dermally, isoparaffins have produced slight to moderate irritation in animals and humans under occluded patch conditions where evaporation cannot freely occur. However, they are not irritating in non-occluded tests, which are a more realistic simulation of human exposure. They have not been found to be sensitizers in guinea pig or human patch testing. However, occasional rare idiosyncratic sensitization reactions in humans have been reported. Instillation of isoparaffins into rabbit eyes produces only slight irritation. Several studies have evaluated sensory irritation in laboratory animals or odor or sensory response in humans. When evaluated by a standard procedure to assess upper airway irritation, isoparaffins did not produce sensory irritation in mice exposed to up to 400 ppm isoparaffin in air. Human volunteers were exposed for six hours to 100 ppm isoparaffin. The subjects were given a self-administered questionnaire to evaluate symptoms, which included dryness of the mucous membranes, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, headache, dizziness, feeling of inebriation, visual disturbances, tremor, muscular weakness, impairment of coordination or paresthesia. No symptoms associated with solvent exposure were observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Toxicology update isoparaffinic hydrocarbons: a summary of physical properties, toxicity studies and human exposure data. 219 78

An illness characterized by weakness, dizziness, and gastrointestinal symtoms was identified among a crew of 30 migrant field-workers employed by a grape grower in Madera County, California, during August 1987. The onset of symptoms occurred between August 24 and August 30 and a median of 9 days from the date of first employment. The first crew member sought medical treatment on August 26, and 10 crew members were admitted to hospital between August 27 and August 30. For most workers, gastrointestinal and constitutional symptoms resolved shortly after admission, but 4 patients had episodes of severe sinus bradycardia persisting for several days. On the day of admission, transient atrioventricular dissociation developed in 2 persons. Interviews with 16 crew members not admitted to the hospital identified only 1 additional worker ill with gastrointestinal symptoms, but all 16 had moderate to severe inhibition of both plasma and red blood cell cholinesterase. Four other workers who were tested but not interviewed also had cholinesterase depression. The crew had had exposure since August 19 to the organophosphate insecticide phosalone, which was last applied to the vineyard on July 21, or 29 days earlier. Although this is the first report unequivocally linking phosalone to field-worker poisoning, the delayed onset and nonspecific nature of the symptoms associated with subacute poisoning may have hindered the recognition of previous similar episodes.
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PMID:Subacute poisoning with phosalone, an organophosphate insecticide. 229 66

A sample of people aged 65 and over were interviewed at home and asked a series of questions aimed at identifying episodes of possible transient neurological dysfunction. During follow-up of respondents initially free from manifest cerebrovascular disease, no relationship was found between subsequent stroke and reported episodes of diplopia, transient numbness or weakness, non-rotatory dizziness or blackouts. There was an association of stroke with reported blurring or dimming of vision, statistically significant only for the sexes combined (relative incidence ratio 1.5), and a consistently increased risk in men and women reporting rotatory vertigo (relative incidence ratio 2.5). This relationship remained significant when adjusted for the association of rotatory vertigo with ECG evidence of heart disease. Thus rotatory vertigo is a risk factor for stroke but non-rotatory dizziness is not. Conversely a previous study of falling in the same population sample had shown an association with rotatory vertigo but not with non-rotatory dizziness.
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PMID:Transient neurological dysfunction and risk of stroke in an elderly English population: the different significance of vertigo and non-rotatory dizziness. 231 24

There has been increased recognition of adenosquamous lung carcinoma since the 1982 modification of World Health Organization (WHO) histologic criteria. However, data on clinical features of this histologic subtype were nonexistent. Medical records of 127 patients with adenosquamous lung carcinoma were reviewed to determine the clinical features, namely, age, race, sex, smoking history, asbestos exposure, symptoms present at the time of diagnosis, stage, treatments, and survival. The age distribution was: less than 40 yr, 3%; 40 to 49, 17%; 50 to 59, 28%; 60 to 69, 32%; 70 to 79, 18%; greater than or equal to 80, 2%. Men constituted 72%, and 90% were smokers. Four smokers had documented asbestos exposure. The symptoms in order of decreasing frequency were cough, weight loss, expectoration, anorexia, chest pain, dyspnea, weakness, hemoptysis, pneumonia, fever, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and chills. Stage could be ascertained in 120 (95%) patients. Local stage constituted 10%, regional constituted 30%, and distant constituted 60%. Local stage had the best survival, with a projected 5-yr survival of 62%. Median survivals in regional and distant stages were 8 and 4 months, respectively. Symptoms of adenosquamous lung carcinoma were similar to other histologies. Most patients present in regional or distant stages. Local-stage patients had a good long-term survival after surgical excision of the tumor.
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PMID:Clinical features of adenosquamous lung carcinoma in 127 patients. 236 69

Asthenic symptoms (eg, fatigue, lassitude, weakness) are of major concern in family practice setting, yet relatively little research has addressed this issue. A retrospective chart review over a 10-year period was conducted to better characterize these symptoms in a rural family practice providing health care to 508 adult patients. Asthenic complaints were recorded at least once in the medical charts of 164 patients (32%) with a preponderance of female patients. Peak prevalence occurred in the third decade of age and during the summer months. Associated symptoms, mainly pain and dizziness, were reported in 75% of the cases. A cause or diagnosis was not identified by the practicing physician in nearly 50% of the encounters; nevertheless, most episodes resolved spontaneously. Patients could be subclassified into three categories according to the recurrence pattern of their asthenic symptoms during the study period. The largest category (64%) included patients who had a single or two episodes and was thus termed "episodic asthenia." Forty-five patients (27%) with recurrent episodes (mean 4.4, range 3 to 10) were classified as having "recurrent episodic asthenia." A third small group (14 patients, 9%) with persistent complaints over the years but no evidence of the chronic fatigue syndrome were classified as having "chronic persistent asthenia." The proposed classification may help future research of asthenic symptoms in the family practice setting.
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PMID:Asthenic symptoms in a rural family practice. Epidemiologic characteristics and a proposed classification. 198 29

Aminoglutethimide (AG) was administered as palliative therapy in 112 patients with metastatic breast cancer. In 36 patients, the dose level was 1000 mg/day; 76 patients received a dose level of 500 mg/day. Patients with brain or liver metastasis were excluded, as were patients with tumors determined to be negative for estrogen receptors. Objective regression was observed in 35 (31%) patients, with the duration of response ranging from 4 to 36 + months (mean, 12 months; median, 10 months). Response was observed in 11 of 31 (35%) patients with soft tissue metastasis; 16/59 (27%) patients with osseous metastasis; and 8 of 22 (36%) having visceral metastasis. In 93 patients with positive estrogen receptor (ER), 33 responded (35%), whereas in 19 patients with unknown ER status, two responded (11%). Response to previous treatment with tamoxifen (TAM) had occurred in 31 patients; of these, response to AG was noted in 11 (35%). Of 24 patients failing to respond to prior treatment with tamoxifen, four (17%) responded to subsequent therapy with AG. Thirteen patients had previously received combination chemotherapy, and response to AG was noted in two (15%). The side effects observed in this study included skin rash in ten patients, fever in eight, somnolence in three, weakness and dizziness in one, headache in one, insomnia in one, dyspnea in one, and ataxia in one. Treatment had to be discontinued in eight patients, due to the severity of the side effects. As expected, patients receiving AG at the lower dose level of 500 mg/day experienced fewer and less severe side effects than those treated with the higher dose. The response rate in the 1000 mg/day group was 10/36 (28%) and in the 500 mg/day group, it was 25/76 (33%). The lower dosage was better tolerated without apparent compromise in therapeutic efficacy.
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PMID:Aminoglutethimide in patients with metastatic breast cancer. 246 35

We have studied aminoglutethemide (AG) combined with hydrocortisone in 28 patients with advanced and refractory prostate carcinoma. All the patients had failed at least one endocrine therapy. Six patients received only one prior hormonal treatment. Five patients were off study within 3 weeks due to early death and toxicity, 14 had progressive disease, and 9 had stable disease. No objective partial remission was observed, but the nine stable patients had therapeutic benefit, with improvement in bone pain and performance status for a median duration of 153 days. Three patients withdrew because of postural hypotension, dizziness, weakness, and lethargy. The median survival of the entire group was 186 days (range 41-606 days). Our results suggest that aminoglutethemide and hydrocortisone can be an alternative treatment for patients with advanced and refractory prostate carcinoma.
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PMID:A study of aminoglutethemide and hydrocortisone in patients with advanced and refractory prostate carcinoma. 247 42

A prospective study of symptomatic hypoglycaemia was conducted in 47 children over a 14-week period using a questionnaire completed at home for each episode of hypoglycaemia. Twenty-nine children (62%) experienced 150 episodes during the study. The average incidence was once every 33 days (range 0-5.2 mo-1). Hypoglycaemia occurred more frequently in children with lowest haemoglobin A1 levels. Episodes were not randomly distributed in time; hypoglycaemia occurred significantly more frequently in the evening, in the early morning and around midday. The majority of episodes were judged to be mild but 2 children had nocturnal convulsions and glucagon was used on three occasions. Symptomatic nocturnal hypoglycaemia occurred one or more times in 30% of the children. Daytime episodes were manifested by tremor, feeling weak, dizziness, pallor, and other symptoms and signs. In 46% of cases the cause was not evident to parents or children, but 25% were related to physical activity.
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PMID:A prospective study of symptomatic hypoglycaemia in childhood diabetes. 252 5

Cabergoline (CAB) is a new oral dopaminergic compound showing a very long-lasting PRL-lowering activity and reported to be well tolerated. The efficacy and tolerability of chronic treatment with CAB in 30 female hyperprolactinemic patients, aged 18-52 yr (6 microadenomas, 3 macroadenomas, and 21 functional hyperprolactinemias), were studied. In a group of 10 patients who received CAB (0.8 mg once weekly or 0.4 mg twice weekly) for 8 weeks PRL levels normalized while on treatment and remained normal (8 patients) or greatly reduced (1 patient) for 1-2 months after discontinuation of the drug. Twenty-six patients underwent chronic treatment (6-12 months) with an initial dose of 0.5 mg once weekly, subsequently increased to 1-2 mg in 10 patients and decreased in the other 2. Due to severe side-effects CAB was discontinued in 3 patients, in 1, 8, and 12 weeks. A significant reduction of PRL levels was already observed after the first week of treatment (mean +/- SEM basal values, 90.1 +/- 13.3 vs. 29.5 +/- 6.3 micrograms/L; P less than 0.001). Twenty-two patients had normal PRL levels in 1-36 weeks (mean, 6 weeks) with 0.5-2 mg CAB. Twenty-two patients resumed regular menses; 2 patients became pregnant after 3-11 months of treatment. Thirteen patients complained of side-effects (nausea, hypotension, headache, gastric pain, dizziness, and weakness) that disappeared with time in 10 of them. The comparison with a previous bromocriptine treatment regimen in 20 patients had shown that the number of patients requiring discontinuation of the latter drug was significantly higher (7 vs. 3 patients; P less than 0.001). However, 2 patients who needed to discontinue CAB were able to tolerate bromocriptine therapy. A computed tomographic scan performed after 12 months of therapy in 7 patients showed a significant reduction (50%) of the adenoma in 5. In conclusion, our results show that CAB is a well tolerated new dopamine agonist with long-lasting activity that represents an advance in chronic medical treatment of hyperprolactinemic conditions.
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PMID:Effectiveness and tolerability of long term treatment with cabergoline, a new long-lasting ergoline derivative, in hyperprolactinemic patients. 257 Jul 90


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