Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A drug surveillance study has been carried out with oral cytidine diphosphate choline (CDP-choline, citicoline, Somazina) in 2817 patients of all ages, predominating those between 60 and 80 years old. They were suffering from several neurological processes, mainly the vasculocerebral insufficiency and senile involution. Treatment was carried out for between 15 days and 2 months, the mean dose being 6 ml/d. The efficacy of the treatment was determined on the basis of the disappearance, improvement or worsening of clinical manifestations, most frequently shown by patients. The most benefited clinical manifestations by the treatment were: dizziness disappearing in 48.4% of the cases, and improving in 25.2%, cephalea disappearing in 46.5% and improving in 26.7%, insomnia with 38.6% and 24.9%, respectively; depression with 36.9% and 24.1% and memory shortage with 21.2% and 44.7% respectively. The best results were obtained in chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency, the improvements obtained in dizziness, cephalea, insomnia, fatigue and speech troubles being the most important. The safety of the drug was excellent since side effects were observed only in 5.01% of the patients. Among these effects, the most frequently seen were digestive troubles, observed in 3.6% of the cases.
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PMID:Efficacy and safety of oral CDP-choline. Drug surveillance study in 2817 cases. 668 70

A double-blind cross-over study with Org OD 14 and placebo was performed in 82 menopausal patients presenting with hot flushes and associated symptoms. Patients were randomly allocated to Org OD 14 or placebo as first treatment, and switched to placebo or Org OD 14 as second treatment. Each treatment period lasted for 16 weeks; no wash-out period was introduced. Tablets containing 2.5 mg of Org OD 14 or matched placebo tablets were supplied. Data on the following variables were obtained and analysed by the non-parametric randomization test for paired observations: hot flushes, sweating, dizziness, palpitations, fatiguability, headache, sleeplessness, irritability, breathlessness, backache and loss of libido and, in 16 patients, on circulating levels of FSH, LH, PRL, T3, T4, cortisol (F), SHBG, TBG and CBG. Twenty patients (13 placebo, 7 Org OD 14) withdrew, because their symptoms did not improve and one patient withdrew for reasons unrelated to treatment, so that 61 patients completed the study. The data demonstrated a good clinical effect and statistically significant differences in favour of Org OD 14 for hot flushes and a number of associated symptoms. Many patients reported on a general feeling of well being and a mood-elevating effect following Org OD 14. Org OD 14 significantly suppressed FSH and LH levels, while those of PRL remained unchanged. Although there was slight suppression of TBG and T4 which attained statistical significance, there was no influence on the most important parameter, T3. SHBG levels were slightly suppressed, whereas F and CBG levels were unaffected.
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PMID:Placebo-controlled cross-over study of effects of Org OD 14 in menopausal women. 675 12

Phenytoin sodium was evaluated for its effect on the development and intensity of acute mountain sickness (AMS) because of its ability to reduce intracellular Na+ concentrations in brain and thereby minimize any tendency to increase cellular volume, a hypothetical cause of AMS. Six men aged 19-35 were exposed to approximately 4600 m altitude in a hypobaric chamber for 52 h on two occasions separated by 10 d at sea level. Subjects received wither phenytoin or placebo for 18 h before (700 mg, divided dose) and throughout (100 mg t.i.d.) each altitude exposure in a double-blind, repeated-measures (crossover) design. Phenytoin serum concentrations ranged from 4.4-13.9 micrograms/ml during altitude exposure. Twice daily questionnaires and clinical evaluations showed no marked benefit from phenytoin on the occurrence, severity, or duration of AMS symptoms: headache, nausea, insomnia, and general malaise. Overall, 1 subject felt better, 2 felt worse, 1 felt the same; 2 were not suitably comparable. There was no observed relationship between serum levels and symptoms of AMS. Moderate degrees of weakness and dizziness were each reported by 3 subjects with phenytoin but not with placebo, however. Resting pulmonary ventilation, end-tidal PO2 and PCO2, map reading abilities and respiratory mask donning times were not affected by phenytoin. Under the conditions of this trial, phenytoin did not appear to be useful in managing AMS.
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PMID:Phenytoin: ineffective against acute mountain sickness. 676 69

40 patients with essential hypertension were subjected to an analysis of efficacy and safety of the three-component-combination Briserin (Reserpine, Clopamide, Dihydroergocristine). After double-blind and randomized allocation, one group received the two constituents Reserpine/Clopamide, another the full combination Briserin and a third first Reserpine/Clopamide and Briserin afterwards. Both types of treatment proved equi-effective in terms of blood pressure reduction with the blood pressure values falling below 150/90 mm Hg within one week. The most important finding resided in the improved orthostatic tolerance due to Briserin. Maximal systolic pressure drop during standing and the tachycardia associated were significantly reduced by Briserin, i.e. by the influence of Dihydroergocristine. In addition, there was a corresponding difference in terms of subjective complaints due to orthostasis. The same held true for general symptoms related to hypertension such as headache, dizziness, undue tiredness and sleeplessness. Patients preferred treatment with Briserin as compared to the other regimen. The discussion deals with the clinical-pharmacological impact of the orthostatic regulation quality within the framework of antihypertensive treatment.
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PMID:[Hypertension therapy with Briserin: what role do dihydroergocristine components play?]. 679 82

"Topics in the Primary Care Medicine" Presents articles on common diagnostic or therapeutic problems (such as dizziness, pruritus, insomnia, shoulder pain and urinary tract infections) encountered in primary care practice that generally do not fall into well-defined sub-specialty areas and are rarely discussed thoroughly in medical school, house staff training, textbooks and journals. Often the pathophysiology is poorly understood and clinical trials to assess the effectiveness of diagnostic tests or therapies may be lacking. Nevertheless, these problems confront practitioners with practical management questions. The articles in this series discuss new tests and therapies and suggest reasonable approaches even when definitive studies are not available. Each article has several general references for suggested further reading. We hope this series is of interest and we welcome comments, criticisms and suggestions.
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PMID:Falls in the elderly: a clinical approach. 683 37

A menstrual symptom questionnaire was used to assess the incidence of premenstrual tension (PMT) in 1,395 regularly menstruating women not on hormonal contraceptives or any other hormonal therapy during routine visits to a gynecologic clinic. Nineteen symptoms were divided into four PMT subgroups: PMT-A (anxiety, irritability, mood swings, nervous tension), PMT-H (weight gain, swelling of extremities, breast tenderness, abdominal bloating), PMT-C (headache, craving for sweets, increased appetite, heart pounding, fatigue and dizziness or fainting) and PMT-D (depression, forgetfulness, crying, confusion, insomnia). The ages of the patients ranged from 13 to 54 years, with a mean +/- S.D. of 32 +/- 8.5 years. Using strict criteria for PMT, 702 patients scored positive for at least one subgroup of PMT, giving an incidence of 50%. When the patients were divided into five-year age groups, a peak incidence of 60% was observed in the third decade of life. The most common PMT subgroups were PMT-A and PMT-H, occurring either alone or in combination. The least common subgroup was PMT-D, occurring in only 12 patients and by itself. The mean cycle length in pure PMT-D patients was significantly shorter (p less than 0.05) than in patients without PMT.
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PMID:The incidence of premenstrual tension in a gynecologic clinic. 689 20

More than 1200 patients who received pindolol for the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, and various arrhythmias in studies conducted in the United States were included in the New Drug Application submitted to the FDA. Nearly 1000 of these patients received pindolol as monotherapy. The side effects reported were generally transient and of mild or moderate severity. The most frequently reported side effects seen after pindolol administration, compared to those seen after placebo, were in decreasing order of incidence: headache, dizziness, insomnia, muscle pain, fatigue, weakness, nervousness, joint pain, edema, nausea, and muscle cramps. Other side effects that occurred more frequently with pindolol than with placebo but at a rather low incidence induced weight gain, bizarre dreams, visual disturbances, lethargy, and diarrhea. Nasal congestion, throat discomfort, nocturia, impotence, pruritus, anxiety, hypotension, bradycardia, and heart failure occurred only rarely. Of the 323 patients who received pindolol alone for the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension, only 20 (6.2%) were withdrawn from the study because of side effects. Overall, 3.4% of the patients treated with pindolol were withdrawn because of side effects, most of which involved the central nervous system, that is, insomnia, anxiety, dizziness, and headache. However, a few patients manifested some edema and weight gain while receiving pindolol alone. Review of the side effects data did not reveal a tendency for the incidence of side effects to be dose related. One placebo-controlled, double-blind study designed to evaluate the fixed dosages of 15, 30, and 60 mg in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension suggested that only the incidences of insomnia and nervousness increased with increasing doses. However, these side effects were generally transient and of mild or moderate severity. The evidence indicates that pindolol has an acceptable safety profile and that any side effects that appear are generally well tolerated and disappear with continued treatment.
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PMID:Adverse reactions to pindolol administration. 704 82

The effects of midazolam, a short-acting imidazobenzodiazepine, on the sleep cycle of insomniac patients were assessed by means of polygraphic recordings. Baseline placebo nights were compared with drug (30 mg p.o.) and placebo withdrawal nights. The compound was effective in inducing and maintaining sleep on short- and intermediate-term administration. Tolerance was not observed following two weeks of drug use. Subjective reports corroborated the effectiveness of midazolam as a hypnotic. In regard to its effects on sleep stages, midazolam markedly decreased Stage 3 and abolished Stage 4 sleep, while Stage 2 was augmented. REM sleep percentage was not significantly affected. Withdrawal of midazolam was followed by rebound insomnia, in which sleep latency, total wake time and wake time after sleep onset were increased above baseline. Side-effects related to midazolam administration included headache, muscular weakness and dizziness. They were mild and wore off 1-2 hours after awakening.
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PMID:Sleep laboratory study of the effects of midazolam in insomniac patients. 707 54

In this issue The Western Journal of Medicine begins a new series, "Topics in Primary Care Medicine," that will present articles on common diagnostic or therapeutic problems encountered in primary care practice. These articles will address such frequently occurring problems as dizziness, pruritus, insomnia, shoulder pain and urinary tract infections. These problems usually do not fall into well-defined subspecialty areas and are rarely discussed thoroughly in medical school, house staff training, textbooks and journals. Often the pathophysiology is poorly understood and clinical trials to assess the effectiveness of diagnostic tests or therapies are often lacking. Nevertheless, these problems confront practitioners with practical management questions. The articles in this series will discuss new tests and therapies and suggest a reasonable approach even when definitive studies are not available. Each article will have several general references for suggested further reading. We hope this new series will be of interest and we welcome comments, criticisms and suggestions.
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PMID:The diagnosis of pulmonary embolus. 711 99

"Topics in Primary Care Medicine" presents articles on common diagnostic or therapeutic problems (such as dizziness, pruritus, insomnia, shoulder pain and urinary tract infections) encountered in primary care practice that generally do not fall into well-defined subspecialty areas and are rarely discussed thoroughly in medical school, house staff training, textbooks and journals. Often the pathophysiology is poorly understood and clinical trials to assess the effectiveness of diagnostic tests or therapies may be lacking. Nevertheless, these problems confront practitioners with practical management questions. The articles in this series discuss new tests and therapies and suggest reasonable approaches even when definitive studies are not available. Each article has several general references for suggested further reading. We hope this new series will be of interest and we welcome comments, criticisms and suggestions.
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PMID:The evaluation of anemia. 714 37


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