Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a strong vesicant agent which has been used in several military conflicts. Large stockpiles still exist to the present day. SM is believed to be a major threat to civilian populations because of the persistent asymmetric threat by non-state actors, such as terrorist groups, its easy synthesis and handling and the risk of theft from stockpiles. Following an asymptomatic interval of several hours, acute SM exposure produces subepidermal skin blisters, respiratory tract damage, eye lesions and bone marrow depression. Iranian victims of SM exposure during the Iran-Iraq (1984-1988) war were treated at intensive care units of 3 Munich hospitals. All 12 patients were injured following aerial attacks with SM filled bombs, which exploded in a distance between 5 and 30m. All patients soon noted an offensive smell of garlic, addle eggs or oil roasted vegetables. No individual protective equipment was used. Eye itching and skin blistering started 2h after SM exposure. Some patients complained of nausea, dizziness and hoarseness. 4h after exposure, most patients started vomiting. Eye symptoms worsened and most patients suffered from temporary blindness due to blepharospasm and lid oedema. Additionally, pulmonary symptoms such as productive cough occurred. Patients were transferred to Munich 4-17 days after SM exposure. On admission all patients showed significant skin blistering and pigmentation. Conjunctivitis and photophobia were the major eye symptoms. Pulmonary symptoms, including productive cough were persistent. Bronchoscopy revealed massive inflammation of the trachea with signs of necrosis. 3 patients needed tracheotomy. Chest X-ray did not yield abnormal observations. This presentation summarizes the experience of treating SM victims in Munich and discusses therapeutic implications.
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PMID:Acute effects of sulfur mustard injury--Munich experiences. 1948 56

Cough is the reflex defense response of the respiratory tract to the present secretions in the throat, trachea and bronchi, and ongoing inflammation in the mucous membranes of the upper and lower respiratory tract. From a practical point of view, cough is dry (unproductive) and productive cough with expulsion of significant amounts of secretion. Drugs used to treat cough differ in both mechanism of action and pharmacokinetic activity. Butamirate citrate belongs to a new class of cough suppressants acting centrally through the receptors in the brainstem. In addition, it has a very beneficial effect, because it reduces the resistance in the airways by inhibiting bronchospasm and anti-inflammatory effect. It is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and its therapeutic plasma concentration is determined after 5-10 minutes of administration, irrespective of the dose. Possible side effects are rarely seen in 0.5-1% of patients, mainly in the form of skin rash, nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, which usually resolves during treatment. The cough effect of most cough suppressants is good, but their mechanisms are different and for that reason they should be individually selected. An important asset of this group of drugs is peripheral activity and effects on bronchodilator muscles, such as in the case of butamirate. Inclusion of this feature is particularly beneficial in chronic inflammatory bronchial diseases.
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PMID:[Butamirate citrate in control of cough in respiratory tract inflammation]. 2887 73

A 60-year-old man was referred to the interventional pulmonology clinic with a large right-sided intraparenchymal lung mass and a second, smaller lesion in the left lower lobe, accompanied by intermittent haemoptysis, fever, chills, productive cough of white phlegm as well as dizziness and weakness. He had presented previously and was being evaluated for the possibility of malignancy. Investigations had revealed 'hooklets' (protoscolices) of hydatid cysts, most likely representing the parasite Echinococcus Successful surgical excision of the affected lobe, lung decortication, partial pleurectomy and pneumolysis of the adhesions was performed, along with long-term antiparasitic therapy. The initial differential diagnosis for this patient was challenging and required multimodal investigations. The patient made good recovery and continued to be followed by infectious disease specialists for management of antiparasitic therapy.
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PMID:Primary pulmonary cystic Echinococcus in an immunocompetent patient. 3284 99

A 62-year-old man was referred to our medical centre with productive cough and high fever over the span of one week, as well as the affiliated symptoms of chronic cough and dizziness for more than six months. Computed tomography (CT) of the thorax was performed and analysed revealing lobulated empyema with thick pleura and two foreign body (FB) retentions in the right lower lobe bronchus. The patient proceeded to thoracoscopic decortications and finalized through retrieval of two dark black stained bonelets with ignored aspiration. After surgery, the patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged in stable condition.
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PMID:Empyema thoracis complicated by anaemia as caused by occult bonelet aspiration. 3299 11