Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A single-subject research design was employed to assess the efficacy of rational self-directed hypnotherapy in the treatment of panic attacks. Presenting symptoms were acute fear, dizziness, constricted throat, upset stomach, loss of appetite, loss of weight, insomnia, fear of doctors, and fear of returning to work. Treatment lasted 13 weeks plus a 2-week baseline and posttherapy period and a 6-month follow-up. Objective measurements (MMPI, TSCS, POMS) and self-report assessments (physiological symptoms and a subjective stress inventory) were implemented. Using hypnosis and guided imagery, the subject reviewed critical incidents identifying self-defeating components within a cognitive paradigm, revising and rehearsing these incidents. Results showed an increased sense of control, improved self-concept, elimination of pathological symptoms, and cessation of panic attacks.
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PMID:Rational self-directed hypnotherapy: a treatment for panic attacks. 229 17

Two groups of divers (Group A and B) were compressed to 500 msw with trimix (n = 3) and heliox (n = 3). After 4 d at saturation depth Group A had a gas change to heliox. Both groups were followed with repeated neuropsychological and neurological tests during compression, at stable intermediate depths and at saturation depth. There were marked high pressure nervous syndrome effects during compression for both groups. Only tremor was inhibited by the nitrogen. In addition Group A was impaired due to nitrogen narcosis. During trimix and heliox saturation there was only some recovery in the EEG. Group B had a sustained high tremor during the saturation. On visuomotor and cognitive functions Group B performed up to predive level on the 3rd d at saturation while Group A was heavily impaired during the whole trimix saturation period. Although dizziness and tremor were the main symptoms in Group B, Group A reported concentration trouble, euphoria, and upset stomach during the saturation phase. Minor changes occurred in the EEG during the gas change. There was, however, a marked increase in postural tremor and recovery on cognitive tests relating to the elimination of the nitrogen. Up to the completion of the gas change no severe symptoms were reported. Six hours after the gas change, severe symptoms occurred with visual and auditory hallucinations and myoclonic jerks as the dominant characteristics. Some symptoms lasted for 12 h. During decompression there was a steady normalization in both groups.
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PMID:CNS reactions at 51 ATA on trimix and heliox and during decompression. 383 48

Clinical efficacy of the antiphlogistic potency of enzymes (Wobenzym, 4 x 7 capsules/day) vs. Diclofenac-Na (2 x 50 mg capsules/day) on patients (n = 80) suffering from osteoarthritis of the knee in an acute phase was evaluated. The study design was double blind according to the GCP-guidelines. The treatment period lasted 28 days and was followed by a treatment-free controll-period of another 28 days. There was equal status of age, sex, duration and impact of osteoarthritis in both groups. The clinical parameters as pain at rest, on motion, on walking, at night and pain tenderness showed a significant improvement (p < 0.05) after the treatment period, with tendency to relapse in the following observation period. No significant difference between both treatment-groups could be seen. No changes in laboratory findings were observed. The global-assessment (physician's and patient's score) of efficacy and tolerability in both groups were mostly stated as "very good" and "good". Adverse events were reported as: Wobenzym: total 14 patients: gastrointestinal complaints (obstipation, vomiting, meteorism), allergic rash once and dizziness twice, 6 of these patients discontinued by that reasons. Diclofenac: total 11 patients: gastrointestinal complaints (epigastrical pain, upset stomach, meteorism), dizziness, 3 of these discontinued. All of these vanished after intake was stopped. Summarizing up it could be demonstrated that both evaluated drugs showed equal clinical potency. So it might be assumed that Wobenzym can be used as an alternative substance in treatment of acute painful osteoarthritis.
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PMID:[Drug therapy of activated arthrosis. On the effectiveness of an enzyme mixture versus diclofenac]. 886 74

How do neighborhoods affect the health of residents? We propose that the impact of neighborhood disorder on self-reported health is mediated by psychological and physiological distress. We hypothesize a stress process in which chronic stressors in the environment give rise to a psychological and physiological stress response that ultimately affects health. The exogenous variable of interest is the neighborhood where disadvantaged persons live, which may expose them to chronic stressors in the form of crime, trouble, harassment, and other potentially distressing signs of disorder and decay. The mediator is the stress response that occurs in the body and brain. Of interest here is a psychological stress response in the form of fearful anxiety and depression, and a physiological stress response in the form of signs and symptoms of autonomic arousal, such as dizziness, chest pains, trouble breathing, nausea, upset stomach, and weakness. The outcome is poor health. This model is supported using data from the Welfare, Children, and Families project, a sample of 2,402 disadvantaged women in disadvantaged neighborhoods in Chicago, Boston, and San Antonio.
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PMID:Neighborhood disorder, psychophysiological distress, and health. 1602 56

Eszopiclone is the S-isomer of racemic zopiclone, a cyclopyrrolone with sedative-hypnotic activity that has been available in Europe, Canada, and Latin America since 1987. Eszopiclone acts by binding to the GABA(A) receptor. In contrast to the benzodiazepine (BZD) hypnotics, eszopiclone has more selectivity for certain subunits of the GABA(A) receptor. Oral eszopiclone is rapidly absorbed and extensively distributed to body tissues including the brain. Peak plasma concentrations are attained 1.0-1.6 hours after a 3 mg dose, while the mean elimination half-life is 6 hours. The half-life increases with age to about 9.0 hours in patients 65 years or older. Eszopiclone's pharmacokinetic (PK) profile is not substantially modified in patients suffering from renal failure or mild-to-moderate hepatic impairment, although patients with severe hepatic insufficiency should have a reduced dose. The subjective perception of improved sleep following eszopiclone 2 or 3 mg treatment has been demonstrated in randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of up to 6 months' duration. In these studies the drug significantly reduced sleep onset latency (SOL), the number of awakenings, and wake time after sleep onset (WASO) whereas total sleep time (TST) and quality of sleep were increased in non-elderly and elderly subjects. Sleep laboratory studies of the effects of eszopiclone have confirmed the drug's clinical efficacy in subjects with chronic primary insomnia. Eszopiclone, unlike BZD hypnotics, does not significantly alter values corresponding to slow wave sleep (SWS or stages 3 and 4) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Rebound insomnia following withdrawal of eszopiclone has been examined in only one study. Discontinuation of the active treatment with 2 mg was followed by rebound insomnia in non-elderly subjects. Three-mg doses of eszopiclone administered for a period of up to 12 months was associated with a sustained beneficial effect on sleep induction and maintenance, with no occurrence of tolerance. The most common side-effects were unpleasant or bitter taste, headache, dyspepsia, pain, diarrhea, dry mouth, upper respiratory infection, urinary tract infection, dizziness, and accidental injury. New adverse events (withdrawal symptoms) including anxiety, abnormal dreams, hyperesthesia, nausea, and upset stomach were recorded in one study on the days following eszopiclone 2 or 3 mg discontinuation. Although dependence and abuse potential have not been formally assessed, unpublished data show that eszopiclone at doses of 6 and 12 mg produces euphoria effects similar to those of diazepam 20 mg in BZD drug addicts. In conclusion, available evidence tends to indicate that eszopiclone is effective and safe for the treatment of chronic primary insomnia in non-elderly and elderly subjects. Tolerance did not occur during active drug administration for a 12-month period. Thus eszopiclone can be efficacious not only during short- and intermediate-term administration but also in patients requiring prolonged regular drug usage.
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PMID:Eszopiclone: its use in the treatment of insomnia. 1930 May 73

Zopiclone is a nonbenzodiazapine hypnotic used for the treatment of insomnia. Significant side effects include daytime drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, bitter taste, dry mouth, headache, and upset stomach. A single method for confirmation and quantitation of zopiclone was developed for biological specimens and tissues. Zopiclone is extracted from the biological matrix using solid phase extraction technology. The drug is confirmed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry for toxicological and forensic purposes.
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PMID:Identification and quantitation of zopiclone in biological matrices using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). 2007 5

Previous studies have shown that depression and anxiety worsen the adverse events associated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in people with epilepsy. These studies used the Liverpool Adverse Events Profile (LAEP) to screen adverse events. The LAEP incorporates items associated with emotion, which may themselves influence the reporting of adverse events. We investigated whether depression and anxiety still displayed an effect on adverse events when items related to emotion were excluded from the analysis. A total of 453 consecutive patients with epilepsy who took AEDs for at least 1year completed self-report questionnaires, including the Korean versions of the LAEP (K-LAEP), the Beck Depression Inventory (K-BDI), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (K-BAI). Firstly, we performed a discrimination analysis to identify the items affected by depression and/or anxiety among the 19 items included in the K-LAEP. Among these items, dizziness, nervousness and/or agitation, restlessness, and upset stomach had relatively higher levels of significance. Secondly, we performed a factor analysis to determine the subclass taxonomy of all items in the K-LAEP. The analysis segregated the items into three subclasses: cephalgia/coordination/sleep, emotion/cognition, and tegument/mucosa/weight. Lastly, we performed stepwise multiple regressions to demonstrate the predictors determining the K-LAEP and subclass scores. According to the regressions, the K-BAI and K-BDI scores and the duration of treatment of the antiepileptic medication were significant predictors. Specifically, the K-BAI score was a predictor of the scores of all three subclasses as well as the total K-LAEP score; the K-BDI score was a predictor of the total K-LAEP score and the emotion/cognition score; and the duration of treatment of the antiepileptic medication was a predictor of the tegument/mucosa/weight score. The K-BAI score was the strongest predictor of all the scores. Although this study showed a similar impact of depression and anxiety on the adverse event profiles as previous reports, it provided further insight into the contribution of the LAEP items associated with emotion. Other than the psychosocial predictors, the treatment duration of the antiepileptic medication was also found to be an important predictor in this study.
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PMID:Impact of depression and anxiety on adverse event profiles in Korean people with epilepsy. 2586 3