Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cerebral symptoms were registered in a multicenter study including 64 patients with severe hypertension, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) greater than or equal to 135 mmHg, and more or less pronounced hypertensive encephalopathy. The symptoms were: headache (70%), dizziness (35%), consciousness disturbances (28%), nausea (27%), paresis (23%), blurred vision (22%), paraesthesia (21%) and vomiting (14%). None had convulsions or coma. Initial treatment was furosemide i.v., and if DBP was greater than or equal to 125 mmHg after one hour, patients were randomized to treatment with either i.v. diazoxide (bolus injections of 75-150 mg) or i.m. dihydralazine (bolus injections of 6-12.5 mg). A gradual fall in blood pressure (BP) was obtained in all three groups. Along with BP reduction a substantial regression of neurological symptoms was registered. After 5 hours only minor cerebral symptoms were present without significant difference between diazoxide and dihydralazine. None developed cerebral complications. The study failed to show a significant correlation between BP reduction and regression of neurological symptoms graded semiquantitatively. Reduction of BP by titration using small repeated bolus injections is recommended, but oral treatment should be considered in the patients who are able to ingest peroral medication in spite of neurological symptoms.
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PMID:Reversibility of cerebral symptoms in severe hypertension in relation to acute antihypertensive therapy. Danish Multicenter Study. 353 94

A syndrome of headache, fatigue, dizziness, paresthesias, chest pain, palpitations and visual disturbances was associated with chronic occult carbon monoxide exposure in 26 patients in a primary care setting. A causal association was supported by finding a source of carbon monoxide in a patient's home, workplace or vehicle; results of screening tests that ruled out other illnesses; an abnormally high carboxyhemoglobin level in 11 of 14 patients tested, and abatement or resolution of symptoms when the source of carbon monoxide was removed. Exposed household pets provided an important clue to the diagnosis in some cases. Recurrent occult carbon monoxide poisoning may be a frequently overlooked cause of persistent or recurrent headache, fatigue, dizziness, paresthesias, abdominal pain, diarrhea and unusual spells.
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PMID:Occult carbon monoxide poisoning. 382 10

Spirogermanium, a heavy metal compound in which germanium has been substituted in an azaspirane ring structure, was studied in 39 patients with advanced malignant neoplasms. Thirty-one patients were considered evaluable for toxic effects of spirogermanium. Transient neurological symptoms occurred in 12 patients (39%), including dizziness or lightheadedness, marked fatigue, visual blurring, ataxia, paresthesia, and nausea. These symptoms could be reduced by infusing the drug over 2 hours rather than over 1 hour. Persistent neurotoxicity in the form of partial loss of taste or extreme weakness was observed in three patients. No evidence of hematologic, renal, or hepatic toxicity was observed. Antitumor activity of spirogermanium was not identified in this group of heavily pretreated patients. Spirogermanium had limited and acceptable toxicity in utilizing a dose of 120 mg/m2 infused over 2 hours, three times weekly.
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PMID:A phase II study of spirogermanium in advanced human malignancy. 390 6

This study evaluated 1 year the efficacy of therapy with nicardipine in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris. Twenty-five male patients were entered. After a placebo run-in phase, the patients received nicardipine 30 mg, nicardipine 40 mg, and placebo, three times daily given in random, double-blind manner for 8 weeks. A double-blind, cross-over study comparing nicardipine with placebo was then undertaken. After 5 months of open treatment with nicardipine 90 or 120 mg day-1, patients received either placebo or nicardipine for 3 weeks, each followed by the alternative treatment for an additional 3 weeks and further open-label treatment with nicardipine for another 3-5 months. There were no significant changes in the PR, QRS or QT intervals, or in the QRS pattern during the short-term and long-term studies. There were no significant differences in mean heart rate after nicardipine compared with baseline. During treatment with nicardipine 120 mg day-1, patients reported significantly fewer anginal attacks compared with placebo, and nitroglycerin consumption also decreased. Nicardipine increased treadmill time, time to onset of angina, and time to one mm ST segment depression. These effects were maintained after 6 months of continued nicardipine therapy. Adverse effects were minor and well tolerated and included headache, dizziness, gastrointestinal upset, flushing paraesthesia and pedal oedema. Abrupt withdrawal of nicardipine at the end of the study resulted in a rapid return of the original symptoms but without further deterioration from the baseline measurements. Nicardipine was effective in the treatment of stable effort angina pectoris; this benefit was maintained for the entire year of treatment.
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PMID:Short- and long-term treatment of stable effort angina with nicardipine, a new calcium channel blocker: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, repeated cross-over study. 392 59

Seven cases of subacute central and peripheral neurologic dysfunction developed in 18 workers employed in the manufacture of reinforced plastic bathtubs. Cases were characterized by weight loss, dizziness, paresthesias, muscle weakness, incontinence, memory loss, and loss of peripheral, color, and night vision. Neuropathies began distally, involved both sensory and motor function, and were associated with prolonged sensory latency, muscle fibrillation, and reduced numbers of functioning motor units. One patient developed posterior lenticular cataracts. Slow improvement occurred on removal from exposure, but residual neuropathies persisted for as long as two years. Epidemiologic investigation disclosed that the first case developed approximately two weeks after introduction of a new plastic foaming agent, 2-t-butylazo-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexane (BHMH). All cases occurred in workers exposed directly to BHMH. No new cases developed after use of BHMH was discontinued. A survey of the firm which produced BHMH and of 68 user firms found two additional clusters of mild neuropathy which may have been caused by BHMH. BHMH was withdrawn from distribution following discovery of these cases. Subsequently, BHMH has been shown in rats to be a potent neurotoxin. Adequate premarket testing could have averted this outbreak.
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PMID:Neurologic dysfunction from exposure to 2-t-butylazo-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexane (BHMH): a new occupational neuropathy. 398 40

A retrospective study of 55 patients with panic disorder referred for psychiatric consultation by primary care physicians is presented. Eighty-nine percent of the patients initially presented with one or two somatic complaints, and misdiagnosis often continued for months or years. The three most common presentations were cardiac symptoms (chest pain, tachycardia, irregular heart beat), gastrointestinal symptoms (especially epigastric distress), and neurologic symptoms (headache, dizziness/vertigo, syncope, or paresthesias). Eighty-one percent of patients had a presenting pain complaint. Hypertension and peptic ulcer were the most common medical diagnoses, and depression and alcoholism the most frequently associated psychiatric diagnoses.
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PMID:Panic disorder and somatization. Review of 55 cases. 637 87

Panic disorder is a subtype of anxiety manifested by discrete periods of apprehension or fear and at least four of the following somatic symptoms: dyspnea, palpitations, chest pain, choking, dizziness, depersonalization or derealization experience, paresthesias, hot and cold flashes, sweating, faintness, trembling, and fear of dying, going crazy, or doing something uncontrolled during an attack. Because the patient with panic disorder often selectively focuses on one of these somatic symptoms and may minimize or deny psychosocial distress, panic disorder is frequently misdiagnosed. As a result of the frightening nature of the symptoms, a pattern of overutilization of medical care systems frequently ensues. Panic disorder is usually precipitated by stressful life events, most commonly separation or loss, in a patient with a genetic or acquired vulnerability. As with other psychophysiologic illness (depression, duodenal ulcer) resolution of the acute stressful life event may not lead to resolutions of the physiologic changes. Two specific tricyclic antidepressants, imipramine and desipramine, have been shown to be effective therapeutic agents in treating panic disorder.
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PMID:Panic disorder. 663 52

Clinical characteristics of ten patients with Friedreich's disease are presented. Two cases were members of the same family, another patient had a brother with the disease, and in two cases there was consanguinity. The dominant inheritance pattern was absent in all cases. Initial symptoms and clinical signs were present under 5 years of age in six cases, and in three of them under 2 years of age. As reported in other series, in our cases the disorder first appeared in the legs. Other early manifestations included skeletal deformities and dysarthria, as well as diplopia, paresthesias and dizziness. Friedreich's ataxia results from pyramidal tract degeneration and changes in the cerebellum. Babinski sign was present in nine patients. Other findings were: muscular weakness, distal amyotrophy and distal dystonia. Two patients suffered epileptic attacks with typical EEG pattern. Kyphoscoliosis and pes cavum were constant skeletal deformities. ECG revealed signs of myocardial ischemis in nine patients, although none of them had symptomatology of heart disease. Glucose tolerance test carried out in three cases showed diabetic curves. Results of nerve speed conduction were as follows: normal in one case; decreased sensitive speed conduction in four cases, and decrease of both sensitive and motor speed conduction in other four cases. EMG showed signs of chronic denervation in three cases. These results coincide with those published by other authors.
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PMID:[Friedreich's disease. Clinical study of ten cases (author's transl)]. 737 33

Our purpose was to determine the incidence of mitral valve prolapse in patients with anxiety neurosis or panic disorder, with symptoms including recurrent anxiety attacks, dyspnea, palpitations, chest pain, dizziness, and paresthesias. Twenty-one patients and 20 age- and sex-matched normal controls were studied. Objective cardiac abnormalities were significantly (p < 0.05) more frequent in the patient group as compared to the control group; these comprised echocardiographic prolapse, ST-T abnormalities on resting ECG, premature ventricular contractions on exercise ECG, and the combination of echo prolapse with clicks/murmurs of exercise-induced PVC. We conclude that patients with anxiety neurosis or panic disorder may also have evidence of an organic abnormality--the mitral prolapse syndrome.
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PMID:Mitral valve prolapse in anxiety neurosis (panic disorder). 740

Panic disorder is a chronic illness that affects at least 3 percent of the population. Panic disorder is associated with significant morbidity and an increased risk of suicide. Patients generally present with multiple somatic and psychologic complaints, including heart palpitations, chest pain, tremor, shortness of breath, choking, nausea or abdominal distress, dizziness, derealization, fear of losing control or going crazy, fear of dying, paresthesias, chills or hot flushes, headache, diarrhea, insomnia, chronic fatigue, anxiety and depression. To make the correct diagnosis, these symptoms must be evaluated carefully since they also occur with serious cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrinologic and neurologic disorders. Many effective treatments are available, including tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, benzodiazepines such as alprazolam and clonazepam, and psychotherapy.
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PMID:Panic disorder. 748 99


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