Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients presenting to the otolaryngologist with complaints such as otalgia, dizziness, tinnitus, or fullness in the ear may be experiencing the effects of craniomandibular disorders. These disorders can involve dysfunction in the delicate interrelationship of the skull, mandible, cervical vertebrae, and neuromuscular apparatus and can present as myofacial pain. Electromyographic recordings using surface electrodes were made bilaterally on the masseter, anterior temporalis, and digastric muscles in 641 craniomandibular patients, before and after transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation, at their initial presentation and following the insertion of mandibular orthopedic appliances. In the presenting patient, muscle-resting levels significantly decreased from hyperactive levels with transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation therapy. The creation of a new occlusal position with an orthotic appliance was found to correlate with a significant reduction in otolaryngologic symptoms as well as an increase in maximum muscle activity in function and coordination of muscle groups during mandibular movement. Thus, clinical electromyographic studies are an important aid in the treatment of craniomandibular disorders.
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PMID:Electromyography of masticatory muscles in craniomandibular disorders. 199 65

The clinical and radiologic findings in 30 patients who sustained injuries to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) were retrospectively analyzed. Imaging consisted of variable combinations of radiography, tomography, two-compartment arthrography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging and was performed 2 days to 24 months after injury. Indications for imaging included acquired and/or unstable occlusal disturbances, cephalalgia, facial pain, otalgia, TMJ pain, tinnitus, dizziness, hearing disturbance, masticatory dysfunction, and muscle atrophy. Radiologic findings included internal derangement of the TMJ meniscus, swelling of retrodiskal tissues, joint effusion, mandibular condyle and condylar neck fractures, osteochondritis dissecans, avascular necrosis, degenerative condylar remodeling, osteoarthritis, musculotendinous injuries, and atrophy of masticatory muscles. After imaging studies, seven patients underwent surgery, at which time imaging findings were confirmed; one patient underwent successful aspiration of a painful hemarthrosis. TMJ injuries may result in joint derangement, radiologically demonstrable joint degeneration, masticatory muscle dysfunction, pain, and progressive clinical disability.
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PMID:Temporomandibular joint injuries. 278 Oct 10

All clinicians responsible for diagnosing and treating diseases of the head and neck should be familiar with the possible clinical manifestations of a mineralized stylohyoid or stylomandibular ligament. Many patients with Eagle's syndrome have been misdiagnosed as having neuralgias, TMJ problems, psychosomatic disorders, or other vague, ill-defined diseases of the head and neck. Unfortunately , patients have been treated for these conditions with negative results. Extraction of teeth, especially third molars, has been performed unnecessarily in an attempt to alleviate the symptoms caused by a mineralized stylohyoid or stylomandibular ligament. Patients complaining of vague facial pain (especially when swallowing, turning the head or opening the mouth), dysphagia, otalgia, and headache with dizziness and with radiographic evidence of mineralization in the stylohyoid-stylomandibular ligament complex may have Eagle's syndrome. If digital palpation of the tonsillar fossa on the affected side causes the typical pain that the patient has been experiencing and if the mineralized abnormality can be felt in the fossa, the patient is considered to have the syndrome, and surgical resection of the abnormality should be considered.
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PMID:Eagle's syndrome diagnosed after history of headache, dysphagia, otalgia, and limited neck movement. 695 Sep 78

The association of the severity of temporomandibular arthropathy to ear, nose, and throat symptoms in patients with temporomandibular disorders has been poorly investigated in spite of its importance in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to see whether persons with more severe arthropathy have more ear, nose, and throat symptoms. Anamnestic and clinical evaluations were obtained at admission for 815 subjects with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders of arthrogenic origin in physical tests. The severity of arthropathy was evaluated by a clinical index scoring joint sounds, tenderness to temporomandibular palpation, and pain severity in the temporomandibular joint region. Univariate analysis showed that the severity of arthropathy was significantly associated with ear, nose, and throat symptoms as a whole (P < .001) and specifically with deafness (P < .001) and dizziness (P < .05); however, tinnitus and earache were not statistically significantly associated. Multiple analysis showed deafness to be the only ear, nose, and throat variable independently associated with severity of arthropathy (P < .01). These findings lead to the conclusion that there is a considerable association between temporomandibular disorders of arthrogenic origin and ear, nose, and throat symptoms, especially deafness. They also suggest that further investigations should be done to compare the specific roles of craniocervical arthritis versus temporomandibular disorders in the etiology of ear, nose, and throat symptoms related to craniomandibular and craniocervical joint involvement.
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PMID:Ear, nose, and throat symptoms in patients with TMD: the association of symptoms according to severity of arthropathy. 781 27

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) afflict millions of men, women and children. Although the management of these disorders has traditionally been the pervue of dentistry, the most common symptoms are otolaryngologic. The involvement of an otolaryngologist was important and necessary in the role of primary diagnostician and as a secondary diagnostician to rule out primary otolaryngologic disease in many of the 2,760 patients evaluated over the past 13 years. In 996 patients referred to the Center for Myofacial Pain/TMJ Therapy from the Otolaryngology Clinic of the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 85% complained of ear symptoms, including otalgia (64%), dizziness (42%), and muffling (30%). Sixty percent complained of throat symptoms, while headaches were reported by 81%. In 1,764 private patients evaluated for TMD, 53% were seen and/or referred by an otolaryngologist. The dentist and otolaryngologist must act as a team in recognizing and diagnosing TMD. As many of the symptoms of TMD fall within the pervue of the otolaryngologist, he or she must be cognizant of the clinical presentation of TMD. Likewise, dental practitioners must utilize the services of their medical colleagues to rule out primary otolaryngologic disorders in all patients with suspected TMD.
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PMID:Recognizing otolaryngologic symptoms in patients with temporomandibular disorders. 811 96

Cholesterol granulomas of the head are relatively rare. Isolated lesions of the cerebellopontine angle are even more uncommon. In this report, 17 cases of petrous apex cholesterol granulomas are presented and management is discussed. Symptoms at presentation included dizziness (14 patients), pressure (nine patients), tinnitus (eight patients), hearing loss (eight patients), otalgia (six patients), headache (six patients), nausea (three patients), drainage from ear (two patients), facial pain (two patients), seizure (two patients), lightheadedness (one patient), hemifacial spasm (one patient), and facial numbness (one patient). Six cases were managed without surgery and 11 patients underwent operative procedures. The approaches used included the infralabyrinthine (eight patients), transcanal-infracochlear (two patients), and translabyrinthine (one patient). The mean follow-up period for all cases was 29.5 months. Of those patients managed without surgery, symptoms improved in all except one, whose tinnitus was slightly worse. Of surgically treated patients, symptoms improved or remained the same except in one with worsened dizziness. There were nine patients with hearing present presurgery and seven whose hearing was preserved postsurgery. The authors present a case that was managed at another center where an attempt at surgical resection through a subtemporal middle fossa approach was unsuccessful. This lesion was successfully treated using an infralabyrinthine approach with drainage into the mastoid cavity. Cholesterol granulomas of the petrous apex can be managed without surgery when symptoms are stable or improve. Otherwise, a transmastoid extradural approach with simple drainage into the mastoid sinus or middle ear produces symptomatic improvement with low morbidity. Resection of petrous apex cholesterol granulomas is not necessary.
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PMID:Cholesterol granulomas of the petrous apex: combined neurosurgical and otological management. 881 66

The use of local anaesthesia for middle ear surgery is long established and has many advantages. However, it is only performed by a small number of UK otolaryngologists (20%). This lack of enthusiasm is due to concerns that patients may not tolerate the discomfort during the operation. Therefore, a survey was conducted on patients who had middle ear operations: stapedotomy, myringoplasty, ossiculoplasty and mastoidectomy. The intense sensation of noise during the operation (29.6% of patients) and anxiety (24%) were the most common discomforts, followed by dizziness (14.8%), backache (13.9%), claustrophobia (9.3%) and earache (1.9%). In spite of these discomforts, 89% of patients still preferred local anaesthesia to general anaesthesia for a similar procedure. The author suggests that good patient selection, pre-operative explanation and the use of appropriate sedation are the important factors for local anaesthesia ear procedures to be acceptable to patients.
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PMID:Local anaesthesia in middle ear surgery: survey of patients and surgeons. 893 43

Although James Costen was not the first to ascribe ear pain, tinnitus, impaired hearing, and even dizziness to temporomandibular joint dysfunction, he developed an integrated and systematic approach ascribing the symptoms to dental malocclusion. He wrote extensively on it, and a few years after his original article, the term Costen's syndrome came into general use. Recently, the use of the eponym has decreased, as dental malocclusion has assumed a lesser role in explaining many of the symptoms formerly ascribed to it.
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PMID:Jaws revisited: Costen's syndrome. 934 77

Historically, review of migraine-related vestibular symptoms has focused on the various clinical presentations that occur and the results of diagnostic studies of vestibular function. Treatment of vestibular symptoms related to migraine has been proposed similar to that used for headache control, but few examples of the effectiveness of this therapy have been published. The purpose of this study is to present the various approaches that can be used to manage vestibular symptoms related to migraine, and to evaluate the overall effectiveness of these treatment approaches. This was a retrospective review of 89 patients diagnosed with migraine-related dizziness and vertigo. The character of vestibular symptoms, pattern of cochlear symptoms, results of auditory and vestibular tests, and comorbidity factors are presented. Treatment was individualized according to symptoms and comorbidity factors, and analyzed regarding effectiveness in control of the major vestibular symptoms of episodic vertigo, positional vertigo, and nonvertiginous dizziness. Medical management included dietary changes, medication, physical therapy, lifestyle adaptations, and acupuncture. Complete or substantial control of vestibular symptoms was achieved in 68 (92%) of 74 patients complaining of episodic vertigo; in 56 (89%) of 63 patients with positional vertigo; and 56 (86%) of 65 patients with non-vertiginous dizziness. Similarly, aural fullness was completely resolved or substantially improved in 34 (85%) of 40 patients; ear pain in 10 (63%) of 16 patients; and phonophobia in 17 (89%) of 19 patients. No patient reported worsened symptoms following medical management. The conflicting concept of a central disorder (migraine) as the cause of cochlear and vestibular dysfunction that often has peripheral features is discussed.
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PMID:Medical management of migraine-related dizziness and vertigo. 943 May 2

The manifestations of multiple myeloma are protean and related to bony osteolytic lesions, and to medullar and renal insufficiency. We report a patient who presented with otalgia as the inaugural symptom of multiple myeloma. Local irradiation combined with systemic chemotherapy led to the disappearance of the temporal bone mass and the accompanying symptoms. To date, 24 months after the diagnosis, the patient is still in remission. The literature on otological involvement in multiple myeloma is reviewed. Symptoms are non-specific and include hearing loss, tinnitus, dizziness, facial paralysis, and otalgia. The diagnosis of multiple myeloma should be considered in the presence of a temporal bone mass.
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PMID:Multiple myeloma presenting with external ear canal mass. 974 78


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