Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Following 4 weeks of treatment with ORF-8063 a polyfluorinated benzodiazepine derivative, 8 hospitalized patients manifesting a primary pathology of anxiety showed marked general improvement. 2 other persons were treated, but for shorter periods: 9 and 14 days. Both are included in the pre-post analysis. Mean optimal dosage was 66.5 mg. The five instruments used to measure therapeutic effect showed pre- to posttreatment change with high level of statistical significance in serveral of the pathological factors. When measures of change are considered, patients showed more improvement related to psychic than somatic components of anxiety. Change data also indicates more patients improvement in anxiety than depression. Side effects reported more were dizziness, faintness and insomnia; these were reported in 8 patients. 6 patients noted drowsiness, and 4 noted excitement. 5 persons tolerated optimum dosages with no extreme reactions; 5 others (including the 2 subjects who terminated treatment early) were unable to maintain optimum dosages because of side effects.
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PMID:The treatment of anxiety with a polyfluorinated benzodiazepine derivative. 2 34

In this multi-clinic double-blind study, patients suffering from insomnia were treated with triazolam 0.5 mg (Halcion) or placebo for 14 days. Four investigators treated 239 patients, 122 on triazolam and 117 on placebo. Thirty-nine patients, 10 on triazolam and 29 on placebo, dropped out for ineffectiveness of the medication and 32 patients, 16 in each group, dropped out for side effects. Analysis of pooled efficacy data showed that triazolam was significantly better than placebo on all efficacy parameters measured, including how much the medication helped the patients sleep, onset of sleep, duration of sleep, duration compared to usual, number of nocturnal awakenings, and feeling of restfulness in the morning. Triazolam did not produce evidence of tolerance development after 2 weeks of treatment. The same variety of side effects occurred on each treatment and primarily included drowsiness, grogginess, headaches, impaired coordination nausea, and dizziness.
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PMID:Multi-clinic double-blind comparison of triazolam (Halcion) and placebo administered for 14 consecutive nights in outpatients with insomnia. 2 13

The administration of single oral doses of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to patients with cancer pain demonstrated a mild analgesic effect. At a dose of 20 mg, however, THC induced side effects that would prohibit its therapeutic use including somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, and blurred vision. Alarming adverse reactions were also observed at this dose. THC, 10 mg, was well tolerated and, despite its sedative effect, may analgesic potential.
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PMID:The analgesic properties of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and codeine. 5 Jan 59

Varying reactions of the vegetative nerve system to various point combinations (for example: vomiting, dizziness, diarrhea, urge to urinate, fatigue or drowsiness, headache), especially to the needling of Tai Chong (Li 3), induced us to perform biochemical studies before and after acupuncture treatment. A group of children and a group of adults were studied. The material studied was urine and blood; from the children, urine only. The following were determined in the urine: indolacetic acid, 5-hydroxy-indol-3-acetic acid, homovanillic acid, and vanillic-mandelic acid; in the blood, tyrosine and tryptophan (free and bound). Individual points with wide influence (He Gu = LI 4; Zu San Li = St 36; Tai Chong = Li 3) and their combination with generally effective points were tested. The needling of Tai Chong especially showed a clear increase in indolamine metabolism. Isolated increases in metabolites of catecholamine metabolism could be correlated with the patient's increased physical activity after acupuncture. Noteworthy is the observation that no significant chemical reactions were evident if local reactions to the needling no longer appeared at the end of a series of acupuncture treatments.
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PMID:Manipulation of neurotransmitters by acupuncture (?) (A preliminary communication). 23 99

Dantrolene sodium or dantrolene1 is 1([5-(nitrophenyl)furfurylidend] amino) hydantoin sodium hydrate. It is indicated for use in chronic disorders characterised by skeletal muscle spasticity, such as spinal cord injury, stroke, cerebral palsy and multiple sclerosis. Dantrolene is believed to act directly on the contractile mechanism of skeletal muscle to decrease the force of contraction in the absence of any demonstrated effects on neural pathways, on the neuromuscular junction, or on the excitable properties of the muscle fibre membranes. Controlled trials have demonstrated that dantrolene is superior to placebo in adults or children with spasticity from various causes, as evidenced by clinical assessments of disability and daily activities, and by muscle and reflex responses to mechanical and electrical stimulation. It is somewhat less effective in patients with multiple sclerosis than in those with spasticity from other causes. There has been a general clinical impression in controlled trials that dantrolene caused less sedation than would have been expected from therapeutically comparable doses of diazepam. In 2 controlled trials, there was no significant difference between dantrolene and diazepam in terms of reductions in spasticity, clonus, and hyperreflexia, but side-effects such as drowsiness and inco-ordination occurred significantly more frequently on diazepam. Long-term studies have indicated continuing benefit for patients taking dantrolene, though the incidence of side-effects has often been high and there has been a suggestion of exacerbation of seizures in children with cerebral palsy. Dantrolene may be of value in the medical treatment of spasm of the external urethral sphincter due to neurological and non-neurological disease, and animal studies suggest a potential use in the management of malignant hyperpyrexia. Chemical evidence of liver dysfunction may occur in 0.7 to 1% of patients on long-term treatment with dantrolene, with symptomatic hepatitis in 0.35 to 0.5% and fatal hepatitis in 0.1 to 0.2%. The drug commonly causes transient drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, general malaise, fatigue and diarrhoea at the start of therapy. Muscle weakness may be the principal limiting side-effect in ambulant patients, particularly in those with multiple sclerosis, and therapy could be hazardous in patients with pre-existing bulbar or respiratory weakness. The dosage of dantrolene has been fixed in most controlled trials, though long-term studies have indicated the need for individualisation of dosage. The initial dose is usually 25mg once daily, increasing to 25mg two, three or four times daily, and then by increments of 25mg up to as high as 100mg two, three or four times daily. The lowest dose compatible with optimal response is recommended.
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PMID:Dantrolene sodium: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in spasticity. 31 89

A controlled, double-blind study involving 250 women was carried out ot assess the efficacy of oral tilidine 25, 50 and 100 mg in treating postepisiotomy pain, and to offer a comparison with oral pentazocine 50 mg. All the analgesics produced significant pain relief. At peak effect tilidine 50 mg produced very similar results to pentazocine 50 mg with tilidine 25 mg producing less, and tilidine 100 mg more pain relief. These results were not, however, statistically significant. In these postdelivery ambulant patients pentazocine 50 mg and tilidine 100 mg produced at 25% incidence of side-effects, mainly dizziness and drowsiness, but tilidine 25 mg produced significant analgesia with virtually no side-effects.
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PMID:A clinical comparison of tilidine hydrochloride and pentazocine, given orally for the treatment of postoperative pain. 33 71

The efficacy of indomethacin, a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor, in severe dysmenorrhoea was established in a double-blind crossover study using aspirin and placebo as the control drugs. Forty-seven female undergraduates were treated twice with each of the three substances during six consecutive menstrual cycles. Good or moderate relief was achieved in 71% of the cycles treated with indomethacin, in 40% of those treated with aspirin and in 21% of those treated with the placebo. Dizziness and drowsiness were cited by 14 patients (30%) as side-effects of indomethacin, none of these patients discontinued the therapy because all obtained good or moderate relief from dysmenorrhoea. Indomethacin proved to be a valuable agent, and significantly better than aspirin in the treatment of dysmenorrhoea. It allowed many dysmenorrhoeic women to carry out their normal activities and work during the menstrual period.
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PMID:Indomethacin in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea. 34 93

1. The antihypertensive effects of alpha-methyldopa and metoprolol have been compared in 110 patients (fifty-one males and fifty-nine females) with previously untreated essential hypertension (sixty-eight WHO stage 1 and forty-two WHO stage 2). 2. After 2 weeks of placebo, the patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either of the two drugs: alpha-methyldopa up to 500 mg b.i.d. and metroprolol up to 200 mg b.i.d. for 6 weeks. Periodical clinical, biochemical, haematological, radiological and electrocardiographical measurements were performed. 3. The average reduction in blood pressure produced by the two drugs was comparable. 4. In general, side-effects were few and tolerable: mainly bradycardia in the metoprolol group and dizziness and drowsiness in the alpha-methyldopa group. 5. The plasma renin activity was significantly reduced in the metoprolol but not in the alpha-methyldopa group.
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PMID:Antihypertensive activity of alpha-methyldopa on a twice daily regimen in comparison to metoprolol. A multi-centre controlled clinical trial. 35 27

Two double-blind, crossover trials comparing the antiemetic effectiveness of nabilone, a new synthetic cannabinoid, with that of prochlorperazine were conducted in patients with severe nausea and vomiting associated with anticancer chemotherapy. Of 113 patients evaluated, 90 (80 per cent) responded to nabilone therapy, whereas only 36 (32 per cent) responded to prochlorperazine (P less than 0.001). Complete relief of symptoms was infrequent, occurring only in nine patients (8 per cent) given nabilone. When both drugs were compared, both nausea (P less than 0.01) and vomiting episodes (P less than 0.001) were significantly lower in patients given nabilone. Moreover, patients clearly favored nabilone for continued use (P less than 0.001). Predominant side effects noted by patients were similar for both agents and included somnolence, dry mouth and dizziness but were about twice as frequent and more often severe in patients receiving nabilone. In addition, four patients (3 per cent) taking nabilone had side effects (hallucinations in three, hypotension in one) that required medical attention. Euphoria associated with nabilone was infrequent (16 per cent) and mild.
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PMID:Superiority of nabilone over prochlorperazine as an antiemetic in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. 37 88

Sixty patients with moderate or severe postsurgical pain were randomly divided into three equal groups for a double-blind comparison of the analgesic effectiveness of intramuscular butorphanol (2 and 4 mg) and pentazocine (60 mg). The groups were demographically similar. Pain intensity and pain relief were scored at 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes after administration of the drug. All treatments provided significant analgesic activity (P less than .05) within ten minutes. However, both doses of butorphanol reached their peak effect at 30 minutes, in contrast to 60 minutes for pentazocine. The duration of effect appeared somewhat longer for butorphanol, though this did not achieve statistical significance. Butorphanol (4 mg) had a significantly greater (P less than .05) analgesic effect at ten minutes than pentazocine (60 mg), and both butorphanol treatments (2 and 4 mg) were significantly better than pentazocine, according to many parameters at 20 and 30 minutes. Side effects, chiefly sleepiness and dizziness, were seen in 15% of the patients, with no significant difference between the treatment groups.
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PMID:Comparison of butorphanol and pentazocine as postoperative analgesics. 37 1


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