Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Green-tobacco sickness is an occupational illness of tobacco harvesters. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and prostration. The disease is self-limited and of short duration, but recurs frequently in susceptible workers. The aetiology is not known, but nicotine has been suspected as a causative agent. Thirty-two workers on four North Carolina tobacco farms were studied during harvesting. None of these workers smoked or chewed tobacco. Urinary cotinine (the major metabolite of nicotine) levels were monitored over a 24-hour period to evaluate nicotine absorption. There was a tenfold rise in mean excretion of cotinine among workers who had greatest contact with the tobacco. Less cotinine was found in urine of workers who had less exposure. Levels of cotinine exceeded those found in novice smokers who smoked 3 cigarettes in succession. Absorption of nicotine from tobacco leaf is the likely cause of tobacco sickness.
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PMID:Nicotine absorption by workers harvesting green tobacco. 4 56

Various reports have associated intravenous prostaglandins with gastrointestinal side effects. It is possible that prostaglandins may also cause contraction of the human gallbladder and precipitate side effects in patients with gallbladder disease. To find out, the authors studied the effects of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on the radiological size of the gallbladder during oral cholecystography with 16 g. of Solu-Biloptin (calcium ipodate). PGE2 was slowly injected, under fluoroscopic observation of the gallbladder, in 12 patients (8 female and 4 male) who had no signs of gallbladder disease in films taken before a fatty meal was given. The PG was given in doses of 20 mcg, 50 mcg, and 75 mcg (4 patients in each dose group). New films were taken 15 minutes and 30 minutes after PG injection. An ordinary fatty meal (200 ml of cream) and a 4th set of films was taken 30 minutes later. Previously described radiography and measurement of gallbladder volume were undertaken, and spontaneously reported side effects recorded. Intravenous PGE2, regardless of dose, did not change the form or size of the gallbladder. After the fatty meal, gallbladder contraction was the same as in untreated patients. The 50 mcg dosage resulted in temporary distress in 1 patient, while the 75 mcg dosage caused dizziness, nausea, and collapse in 3 patients. There was no reported side effects after the fatty meal. It was concluded that clinical doses of PGE do not cause gallbladder contraction, nor do they interfere with normal response of the gallbladder to a fatty meal.
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PMID:Letter: Intravenous prostaglandin and the gallbladder. 4 17

Synthetic cyclic growth-hormone release-inhibiting hormone (G.H.-R.I.H.) impaired platelet aggregation in each of four healthy men given 6-hour infusions. The effects lasted over 24 hours in three of them. There was no consistent change in platelet-counts during the infusions, but 18 hours after the end of the infusions there was a slight but significant increase in platelet-count. There was no change in prothrombin-time, partial thromboplastin-time, fibrinogen titres, and fibrinogen-degradation products. Incubation of G.H.-R.I.H. with blood in vitro did not affect platelet aggregation. Similar impairment of platelet function has been reported by others in baboons given linear G.H.-R.I.H. Infusions in the four healthy men studied also produced abdominal pain, dizziness, and diarrhoea in three, as have been reported in patients similarly infused. Although other side-effects or impairment of platelet-counts or bleeding-tendencies have not been reported in patients infused for up to 72 hours, caution should be exercised when using G.H.-R.I.H. over extended periods until further data on its toxicity are available.
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PMID:Impairment of platelet function by growth-hormone release-inhibiting hormone. 4 78

A syndrome is described which affects subjects whose consumption of beer is considerable but who take no or little ordinary food. The symptoms include fatigue, dizziness, and muscular weakness; the biochemical changes are hyponatraemia and hypokalaemia. The disorder is rapidly resolved by stay in hospital. Beer is poor in Na (1-2 meq. per litre). Consequently these patients' intake of Na was low, and the production of urea was very low.
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PMID:Electrolyte disturbances in beer drinkers. A specific "hypo-osmolality syndrome". 4 96

The administration of single oral doses of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to patients with cancer pain demonstrated a mild analgesic effect. At a dose of 20 mg, however, THC induced side effects that would prohibit its therapeutic use including somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, and blurred vision. Alarming adverse reactions were also observed at this dose. THC, 10 mg, was well tolerated and, despite its sedative effect, may analgesic potential.
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PMID:The analgesic properties of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and codeine. 5 Jan 59

80 strictly selected patients with chronic renal insufficiency with plasma creatinine values of 1.4--14.5 mg% were examined according to a fixed scheme to determine the presence of symptoms and signs of renal encephalopathy. The general cerebral symptoms complained of were headache in 33.4% of the patient material, dizziness in 30.3%, easy fatigability in 62.5%, giddiness in 18.8% and insomnia in 37.5%. The most prominent neurological findings were hyperactive deep reflexes in 30% and action tremor in 23.8%. The symptoms of organic brain syndrome were impairment of memory in 32.5%, weakness of concentration in 28.8% and lability of affect in 63.7%. Diffuse EEG abnormalities were found in 26.2%. While the clinical neuropsychiatric symptoms did not show any statistically significant correlation with the various internal medical data, a trend was observed in the greater number of pathological EEGs with an increase in the impairment of renal function. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant correlation, (alpha less than or equal to0.015) between the occurrence of pathological EEGs and the plasma creatinine and BUN values. It is remarkable that the patients with abnormal EEGs had a relatively low mean creatinine level of 5.89 mg%. The strict dietetic management of the patients is regarded as one of the deciding factors for the relatively low frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the material studied.
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PMID:Neuropsychiatric symptomatology with chronic renal insufficiency in the stage of compensated and decompensated retention. I. CNS disturbances. 5 91

20 patients with severe essential hypertension (average blood-pressure 211/123 mm Hg) had an inadequate fall in blood-pressure with beta blockade alone. They were given in random order either 5 and then 10 mg of bendrofluazide a day or prazosin 2 mg three times daily rising to 5 mg if required. The trial was a within-patient comparison of the two drug regimens. 10 patients who did not achieve a satisfactory fall in pressure with either agent were then given all three drugs together. When bendrofluazide 5 or 10 mg was added to beta blockade there was an average fall in mean blood-pressure, standing, of 13%. When prazosin was added to beta blockade the average fall in mean blood-pressure, standing, was 16%. 18 patients who completed the trial had an average final blood-pressure, standing, of 139/93 mm Hg. In the prazosin period 8 patients continued to complain of dizziness after the first 24 h. With bendrofluazide serum-potassium levels fell below 3-6 mmol/l in half the patients within the first two weeks of treatment. It is concluded that patients with essential hypertension already treated with beta blockade who need an additional agent will get a further fall in blood-pressure with 5 mg of bendrofluazide. Prazosin appears to be a potent and appropriate third agent.
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PMID:Evaluation of beta blockade bendrofluazide, and prazosin in severe hypertension. 6 3

The efficacy of flufenamic acid (3 times/day in 200 mg doses) was tested in a double-blind crossover study, using 44 primary dysmenorrheic patients. After 3 months of use, flufenamic relieved symptoms in most patients. Associated gastrointestinal symptoms were relieved in 66% and 52% (for vomiting and diarrhea, respectively), and 28% of patients experienced cessation of pain symptoms. 4 cases of drug-induced side effects were reported: dizziness and mild dyspepsia.
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PMID:Flufenamic acid in treatment of primary spasmodic dysmenorrhoea. A double-blind crossover study. 7 92

92 patients with parkinsonism have been treated with bromocriptine for up to 30 months. 48 continue to receive bromocriptine with benefit; of these, 35 take bromocriptine (mean dose 53 mg daily) in combination with levodopa and 13 take bromocriptine (mean dose 45 mg daily) without levodopa. In those who were originally on levodopa, addition of bromocriptine allowed a mean 41% reduction in the dose of levodopa; the largest group of patients to benefit from bromocriptine entered the study because of excessive dyskinesia or "on-off" phenomena induced by levodopa. In 40 patients bromocriptine was stopped because of adverse reactions, absence of therapeutic response, or non-compliance with the protocol. The main problems were psychiatric disturbance (8 patients) and erythromelalgia (7 patients); these effects tended to occur late (mean 6 months and 10 months, respectively) and with high dosage (mean 66 mg and 115 mg daily). Other frequent adverse effects were dizziness and nausea; these began considerably earlier (at 2 months and 1 month) and with much lower dosage (31 mg and 12 mg daily). 4 patients died, for reasons apparently unrelated to therapy.
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PMID:Long-term treatment of parkinsonism with bromocriptine. 7 47

The antiarrhythmic effects of perhexiline were investigated in 13 of 20 patients with frequent and long standing ventricular extrasystoles in a double blind crossover trial using 24-hour electrocardiograph tape recordings, routine electrocardiograms, and treadmill exercise testing. With a dose of 300 to 400 mg per day, there was a significant decrease (mean 41%) in the number of ventricular extrasystoles per 24 hours. There were large differences in the individual responses to perhexiline, which were significantly related to the diurnal variations of ventricular extrasystoles: those patients whose ventricular extrasystoles disappeared spontaneously during sleep were less likely to respond to perhexiline than those whose ventricular extrasystoles persisted throughout the night. Suppression of ventricular extrasystoles was also apparent from the routine electrocardiogram and the exercise tests. Side effects (dizziness and unsteadiness) were troublesome in 5 of 20 patients. It is concluded that in selected patients perhexiline is an effective antiarrhythmic drug, and is likely to be most useful in patients with coexisting angina and ventricular extrasystoles. Because of its potential toxicity, it should not be used as a drug of first choice.
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PMID:Supression of ventricular extrasystoles by perhexiline. 8 Feb 19


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