Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pathologic examination in a case of fatal intracerebral hemorrhage from a berry aneurysm showed that the "sentinel" or warning headache in this patient was due to the leakage of blood into the subarachnoid space through a previous small tear in the wall of her saccular aneurysm. Oribital pain, transient, dysphasia, dizziness and, later, meningismus might have prompted the performing of a lumbar puncture to determine the presence of blood in the cerebrospinal fluid. This type of event is the likely pathogenetic mechanism for the premonitory headache that may precede a lethal rupture of a saccular aneurysm.
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PMID:Pathogenesis of the "sentinel headache" preceding berry aneurysm rupture. 110 29

A patient is described who developed unilateral seizures whilst being treated with recombinant interferon for hairy cell leukemia. Special features included the relatively low dose of interferon, the focal aspect of the epilepsy and the high resistance to anticonvulsants. Oligoclonal banding of cerebrospinal fluid proteins may have resulted from polyclonal activation of bone marrow plasma cells during interferon treatment. Disturbances of consciousness, dysphasia, visual hallucinations, upper motor neuron deficit, tremor, dizziness, numbness, myalgia and headache, all of them neurological complications of interferon treatment, are discussed.
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PMID:Unilateral seizures in a patient with hairy cell leukemia treated with interferon. 393 49

The blood pressure response to the first dose of captopril (6.25 mg, 12.5 mg, or 25 mg) was measured in 65 treated, severely hypertensive patients. Mean supine blood pressure was 187/108 mm Hg immediately before captopril was given. Twenty one patients experienced a fall in supine systolic pressure greater than 50 mm Hg, including five whose pressure fell more than 100 mm Hg and two whose pressure fell more than 150 mm Hg. Six patients developed symptoms of acute hypotension, including dizziness, stupor, dysphasia, and hemiparesis. Percentage reductions in blood pressure were greatest in those with secondary hypertension (p less than 0.05), high pretreatment blood pressure (p less than 0.05), and high concentrations of plasma renin and angiotensin II (p less than 0.01). No significant correlation was found between fall in blood pressure and serum sodium concentration, age, renal function, and the dose of captopril given. A severe first dose effect cannot be consistently predicted in individual patients who have received other antihypertensive drugs for severe hypertension. Such patients should have close medical supervision for at least three hours after the first dose of captopril.
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PMID:Factors related to first dose hypotensive effect of captopril: prediction and treatment. 640 3

Thirty-four patients were submitted to the conventional cervical myelography by administration of metrizamide (Amipaque) through three routes (lumbar 23, suboccipital 6, C1-C2 lateral 5). After the injection of metrizamide (4-11 ml, 170-250 mgI/ml), all procedures of the cervical myelography were done as soon as possible within 9 minutes. The adverse reactions of Amipaque were observed in 29 cases (85%) out of 34 cases initially 1 hour after cervical myelography and disappeared completely in an average of 16 hours. The total number of the side effects was 140 incidences such as meningeal irritation (headache 18, nausea 17, vomiting 17), cerebellar signs (dizziness 11, dysarthria 8, tremor 5, bradylalia 2, dysmetria 2, tipsy feeling 2, dysdiadochokinesis 1), autonomic signs (flushing 7, pale face 4, fever 4, sweating 2, hiccup 2, fatigability 2, micturition disturbance 1), sensory signs (exacerbation of numbness 6, perioral numbness 3, back pain 1, chest pain 1), motor signs (focal muscle spasm 5, exacerbation of paresis 4, areflexia 1), psychiatric signs (dysphasia 3, disturbance of consciousness 2, euphoria 1, persecutory delusion 1) and muddiness 7. We observed that waxing and waning of side effects correlated tightly with transient cortical penetration of dye in CT and cortical dysfunction mainly slowing of the background activity and slow wave burst in EEG. According to high frequency of side effects in our study, we suggest that a greater incidence of side effects may result when high concentration of Amipaque comes in contact with the cerebral cortex by using an inadequate fluoroscopic table which has only fixed one plane image and rough positioning control. Slow absorption into blood stream may affect appearance and maintenance of side effects. In order to decrease side effects after Amipaque cervical myelography, we propose that we should introduce a mobile rotating chair coupled with high power image and chose C1-C2 lateral route using 1500-1700mgI of Amipaque.
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PMID:[Side effects of metrizamide (Amipaque) cervical myelography (author's transl)]. 711 May 15

Neurological symptoms of transient unsteadiness, dysarthria, dysphasia, dysbasia, transient monoor hemiparesis, hemiparesis, scintillating scotomas, amaurosis fugax, vertigo, dizziness, migraine accompaniments, syncope and seizures were the presenting manifestations of thrombocythemia in various myeloproliferative disorders. Erythromelalgia preceded or followed the neurologic ischemic attacks. The neurologic and ocular attacks usually had a sudden onset, lasted for a few seconds to several minutes and occurred independently or sequentially rather than simultaneously. This clinical syndrome is caused by platelet-mediated ischemic and thrombotic processes in the end-arterial microvasculature and reflects the existence of a platelet dependent and aspirin responsive arterial thrombophilia in thrombocythemia as novel disease entity, which confirms and elucidates Mitchell's hypothesis.
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PMID:Atypical transient ischemic attacks in thrombocythemia of various myeloproliferative disorders. 895 74

Twenty-seven patients with ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament (OALL) in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) in the cervical region were diagnosed among 2000 individuals during 10 months and analyzed clinically and radiologically by two neurosurgeons. Sex distribution was 20 men and 7 women with ages ranging from 57 to 82 years (average: 72.3 y.o.). Main signs and symptoms were dysesthesia of the upper extremities, stiff neck, dizziness and dysphagia (33%). Three patients had diabetes mellitus, 14 had hypertension, and 15 had hyperuremia. Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) co-existed in 18 patients (66%). Number of vertebral bodies with cervical OALL ranged from 4 to 6 (average: 4.8) and thickness of ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament was from 2 to 6 (average: 3.1) mm. Originally we divided OALL in the cervical region into 3 types, nodular-type; 16 cases, continuous-type; 7 cases, and mixed-type; 4 cases. Small OPLL can be diagnosed by either cervical CT or myelo-CT. DISH is thought to be a benign clinical entity, but patients with OALL in DISH, accompanied by OPLL and those accompanied by dysphasia are frequently encountered and sometimes may be treated surgically.
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PMID:[Clinical and radiological study of ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament in the cervical spine]. 1270 22

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection of the head and neck region may present with various symptoms. I present two cases of VZV infection of the pharynx and larynx with multiple cranial nerve neuropathies. Their initial symptoms such as sore throat, odynophagia, and dysphasia were complicated by otalgia, dizziness, hearing loss, or ipsilateral facial nerve paralysis. All of these lesions tended to lateralize to the ipsilateral side and endoscopic findings suggested VZV infections, which were confirmed by serial serologic examinations.
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PMID:Two cases of pharyngolaryngeal zoster advanced to multiple cranial neuropathy. 2411 59

Swift diagnosis and treatment are critical for good outcomes in patients with nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, which is usually caused by a ruptured aneurysm. This type of stroke often results in death or disability. Rates of misdiagnosis and treatment delays for subarachnoid hemorrhage have improved over the years, but these are still common occurrences. Subarachnoid hemorrhage can be more easily diagnosed in patients who present with severe symptoms, unconsciousness, or with thunderclap headache, which is often accompanied by vomiting. The diagnosis is more elusive in patients who present in good condition, yet these patients have the best chance for good outcome if they are correctly diagnosed at the time of presentation. Physicians should be alert for warning headaches, which are often severe, and headaches that feel different to the patient. Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, impaired consciousness, nuchal rigidity, orbital pain, focal neurologic deficits, dysphasia, lightheadedness, and dizziness. The most important risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage include cigarette smoking, hypertension, heavy alcohol use, and personal or family history of aneurysm or hemorrhagic stroke. The first step in the diagnostic workup is noncontrast computed tomography of the head. If computed tomography is negative or equivocal, a lumbar puncture should be performed. Subsequent imaging may include computed tomographic angiography, catheter angiography, and magnetic resonance angiography.
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PMID:Recognition and evaluation of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and ruptured cerebral aneurysm. 2413 85

Radiotherapy is one of the standard treatments for medulloblastoma. However, therapeutic central nervous system irradiation in children may carry delayed side effects, such as radiation-induced tumor and vasculopathy. Here, we report the first case of coexisting meningioma and moyamoya syndrome, presenting 10 years after radiotherapy for medulloblastoma. A 13-year-old boy presented with an enhancing mass at the cerebral falx on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after surgery, radiotherapy (30.6 Gy craniospinal axis, 19.8 Gy posterior fossa) and chemotherapy against medulloblastoma 10 years ago, previously. The second tumor was meningioma. On postoperative day 5, he complained of right-sided motor weakness, motor dysphasia, dysarthria, and dysphagia. MRI revealed acute cerebral infarction in the left frontal lobe and both basal ganglia. MR and cerebral angiography confirmed underlying moyamoya syndrome. Four months after the meningioma surgery, the patient presented with headaches, dysarthria, and dizziness. Indirect bypass surgery was performed. He has been free from headaches since one month after the surgery. For patients who received radiotherapy for medulloblastoma at a young age, clinicians should consider the possibility of the coexistence of several complications. Careful follow up for development of secondary tumor and delayed vasculopathy is required.
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PMID:Coexistence of Radiation-Induced Meningioma and Moyamoya Syndrome 10 Years after Irradiation against Medulloblastoma: a Case Report. 2896 48

A 57-year-old man with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome underwent umbilical cord blood transplantation. He began receiving steroids on day 14 for acute graft-versus-host disease, and experienced dizziness on day 75 during gradual dose reduction. Multiple hemorrhages were observed in the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. His bleeding increased, and he underwent a brain biopsy on day 91. Subsequently, he was diagnosed with central nervous system vasculitis (CNSV) on the basis of the observed aggregation of mature CD3+ lymphocytes around small vessels and vascular wall invasion by lymphocytes and macrophages. After receiving high-dose steroid therapy, cerebral hemorrhage stopped; however, dysphasia occurred on day 113 and the patient died of cerebral edema on day 128. Toxoplasma DNA and tachyzoites were detected in the brain biopsy specimen during additional examinations; therefore, we suspected that the toxoplasmosis was related to the onset of CNSV. CNSV is a rare, rapidly progressing disease that may present as a fatal post-transplantation central nervous system complication. Investigating the causes of CNSV, including CNSV associated with toxoplasmosis, is critically important for improving the prognosis of patients with CNSV.
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PMID:[Toxoplasmosis-associated central nervous system vasculitis accompanied by multiple cerebral hemorrhages developing subsequent to cord blood transplantation]. 3084 78


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