Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The case of a 47-year-old patient is described with a carcinoid of the middle ear. Initial symptoms were hearing impairment, feeling of pressure and dizziness. Mastoidectomy was carried out for mastoid shadowing with space encroachment in the auditory canal. The histological examination initially revealed an atypical cholesteatoma and the subsequent immunohistochemical investigation revealed a carcinoid. A radical excavation with complete excision of the tumor and tympanoplasty was carried out. A carcinoid of the middle ear is definitely a rare finding and the primary treatment is complete surgical removal. If metastases are suspected octreotide scintigraphy has proved to be the best option in analogy to intestinal carcinoids. Radiation therapy has not proved successful but the use of the somatostatin analog octreotide, interferon-alpha or palliative chemotherapy (e.g. streptozotosine, 5-fluorouracil) for metastases are further therapy options.
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PMID:[Carcinoid of the middle ear. A case report]. 1963 19

We report two extremely rare cases of otologic complications caused by hearing aid mold impression material. The symptoms of patients with retained impression material are characteristic of the length of time the impression material is retained. In case 1 had a chronic discharge and granulation tissue of the middle ear, while case 2 presented with acute pain and dizziness. The management for retained impression material may require surgical interventions, which can be safely accomplished by standard otologic techniques.
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PMID:Otologic complications caused by hearing aid mold impression material. 2186 55

The middle ear infection is the most common childhood infection. In order to elucidate the cell and molecular mechanisms involved in bacterial recognition and innate immune response, we have established a stable human middle ear cell line, which has contributed to the current knowledge concerning the molecular pathogenesis of the middle ear infection. The inner ear, a sensory organ responsible for hearing and balance, is filled with inner ear fluid, and disturbance of the fluid homeostasis results in dizziness and hearing impairment. It has been suggested that the endolymphatic sac (ES) may play a critical role in the fluid homeostasis of the inner ear. We have established a stable human ES cell line and are undertaking cell and molecular characterization of this cell line.
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PMID:Establishment of cell lines from the human middle and inner ear epithelial cells. 2190 15

The objective of this communication is to demonstrate success of the surgical intervention on the sole hearing ear in the presence of absolute indications for such treatment, viz. the presence of cholesteatoma and labyrinth fistula (LF). The sensorineural loss of hearing is a rather common serious complication of LF surgery in the patients with cholesteatoma. The present observation concerns a 41 year-old woman with the history of an episode of suppurative otitis media experienced in the childhood. After a period of prolonged remission, she suffered systemic dizziness despite the intact tympanic membranes. The patient was examined with the use of multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) that revealed serious lesions in the middle ear (labyrinth fistula). It made possible careful planning and performing sanation surgery on the middle ear including tympano- and mastoidoplasty. This treatment produced good morphological and functional result.
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PMID:[A case of successful surgical treatment of labyrinth fistula in the sole hearing ear]. 2281 Jun 45

Perilymphatic fistula (PLF) is defined as an abnormal leakage between perilymph from the labyrinth to the middle ear. Symptoms include hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. The standard mode of PLF detection is intraoperative visualization of perilymph leakage and fistula, which ostensibly confirms the existence of PLF. Other possible methods of diagnosis include confirmation of pneumolabyrinth via diagnostic imaging. Recently, a cochlin-tomoprotein (CTP) detection test has been developed that allows definitive diagnosis of PLF-related hearing loss. We report the case of a 45-year-old man who presented with right-sided tinnitus, hearing loss, and dizziness 30 years after stapes surgery. Middle ear lavage was performed after myringotomy. A preoperative diagnosis of PLF was reached using the CTP detection test. Intraoperative observations included a necrotic long process of the incus, displaced wire piston, and fibrous tissue in the oval window. Perilymph leakage was not evident. The oval window was closed with fascia, and vertigo disappeared within 2 weeks postoperatively. When PLF is suspected after stapes surgery, the CTP detection test can be a useful, highly sensitive, and less invasive method for preoperative diagnosis.
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PMID:Cochlin-tomoprotein (CTP) detection test identified perilymph leakage preoperatively in revision stapes surgery. 2308 87

The objective of the present retrospective study was to estimate the efficacy of various surgical techniques employed to treat the patients presenting with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and concomitant cholesteatoma complicated by labyrinthine fistula. The authors present an overview of the literature concerning diagnostics and results of the surgical treatment of labyrinthine fistula (LF) in the patients with CSOM and concomitant cholesteatoma. The original studies included 157 patients with this condition complicated by labyrinthine fistula. The latter was diagnosed based on the data from medical histories, subjective complaints of the patients, results of otomicroscopy, the presence of fistula symptom verified by the pressure test, results of audiological and vestibulometric studies, and computed tomography (CT) of the temporal bones. Late outcomes of the surgical treatment in the patients presenting with CSOM and concomitant cholesteatoma complicated by LF. All the patients underwent sanitation surgery on the middle ear and revision of the mastoidal portion of the cavity. In 48 of them, cholesteatoma matrix on the fistula in situ was preserved (group 1), in 56 ones the removal of the matrix was followed by plastic correction of labyrinthine fistula using various autogenous tissues (group 2), in 53 patients the cholesteatoma matrix was either removed or preserved with the subsequent sealing of the semicircular canal and selective laser destruction of the labyrinth (LDL) (group 3). 79% of the patients in group 1 had no complaints of dizziness during the postoperative period. There were 78.5% and 96.5% of the patients without such complaints in groups 2 and 3 respectively. The elevation of the hearing threshold following the surgical treatment was documented in 10 (6.4%) patients; it resulted in the deafness in 5 (3%) patients.
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PMID:[The retrospective clinical study of labyrinthine fistula associated with chronic suppurative otitis media and their treatment]. 2325 May 20

Otologic surgery is performed for a variety of reasons including treatment of recurrent ear infections, alleviation of dizziness, and restoration of hearing loss. A typical ear surgery consists of a tympanomastoidectomy in which both the middle ear is explored via a tympanic membrane flap and the bone behind the ear is removed via mastoidectomy to treat disease and/or provide additional access. The mastoid dissection is performed using a high-speed drill to excavate bone based on a pre-operative CT scan. Intraoperatively, the surface of the mastoid component of the temporal bone provides visual feedback allowing the surgeon to guide their dissection. Dissection begins in "safe areas" which, based on surface topography, are believed to be correlated with greatest distance from surface to vital anatomy thus decreasing the chance of injury to the brain, large blood vessels (e.g. the internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery), the inner ear, and the facial nerve. "Safe areas" have been identified based on surgical experience with no identifiable studies showing correlation of the surface with subsurface anatomy. The purpose of our study was to investigate whether such a correlation exists. Through a three-step registration process, we defined a correspondence between each of twenty five clinically-applicable temporal bone CT scans of patients and an atlas and explored displacement and angular differences of surface topography and depth of critical structures from the surface of the skull. The results of this study reflect current knowledge of osteogenesis and anatomy. Based on two features (distance and angular difference), two regions (suprahelical and posterior) of the temporal bone show the least variability between surface and subsurface anatomy.
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PMID:Variability of the temporal bone surface's topography: implications for otologic surgery. 2402 21

The human body is well adapted to dealing with small variations in atmospheric pressure. However when our pursuit of sport and recreation takes us to extreme altitudes or ocean depths, the change in surrounding pressure has the potential to cause significant morbidity. Sports with more extreme changes in atmospheric pressure such as skydiving and scuba diving commonly place the athlete at risk for barotrauma injuries, especially in the middle ear and sinuses. Middle ear barotrauma occurs when a pressure differential develops between the middle ear and the pressure outside of the tympanic membrane. Early symptoms include ear pain, dizziness, and muffled hearing. When extreme pressure gradients are not relieved, middle ear effusions and rupture of the tympanic membrane can occur. A similar mechanism and injury pattern occurs in the sinuses as well. With proper training and prevention strategies, athletes in these sports can protect themselves from most barotrauma injuries.
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PMID:Barotrauma with extreme pressures in sport: from scuba to skydiving. 2461 24

Middle ear surgery is strongly influenced by anatomical and functional characteristics of the middle ear. The complex anatomy means a challenge for the otosurgeon who moves between preservation or improvement of highly important functions (hearing, balance, facial motion) and eradication of diseases. Of these, perforations of the tympanic membrane, chronic otitis media, tympanosclerosis and cholesteatoma are encountered most often in clinical practice. Modern techniques for reconstruction of the ossicular chain aim for best possible hearing improvement using delicate alloplastic titanium prostheses, but a number of prosthesis-unrelated factors work against this intent. Surgery is always individualized to the case and there is no one-fits-all strategy. Above all, both middle ear diseases and surgery can be associated with a number of complications; the most important ones being hearing deterioration or deafness, dizziness, facial palsy and life-threatening intracranial complications. To minimize risks, a solid knowledge of and respect for neurootologic structures is essential for an otosurgeon who must train him- or herself intensively on temporal bones before performing surgery on a patient.
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PMID:Surgical anatomy and pathology of the middle ear. 2648 7

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) -associated vasculitides (AAVs) include microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), the incidences of which are reported to be increasing in Japan. We reviewed the clinical records of 20 cases with systemic AAVs (five cases with MPA, nine cases with GPA, and six cases with EGPA), who visited our otolaryngology department with otological symptoms from 2004 to 2014, and compared the otological characteristics among the diseases. Otologic symptoms appeared as an initial symptom(s) in 40% of MPA cases, 56% of GPA cases, and 83% of EGPA cases. GPA and EGPA cases showed a variety of symptoms such as otalgia, otorrhea, hearing loss, ear fullness, tinnitus and dizziness, while MPA cases showed only hearing loss and ear fullness, but otalgia or otorrhea. AAVs and otitis media associated with ANCA vasculitis (OMAAV) are usually diagnosed shortly after the appearance of otological symptoms in GPA cases, while the final diagnosis is delayed in EGPA cases. Furthermore, the diagnosis of OMAAV was made after the diagnosis of AAV in most cases of EGPA. More than half of MPA cases did not meet the diagnostic. criteria for OMAAV. It is noteworthy that in a significant number of AAV patients with ear disease, otological symptoms are supposed to appear as an initial symptom(s). Therefore, otolaryngologists have a major role to achieve early diagnosis of AAV. The patients with adult-onset inflammation of the middle ear, inner ear or both should undergo careful examinations, and they should be closely followed even if the diagnosis is uncertain.
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PMID:[Otologic Manifestations in Patients with ANCA Associated Vasculitis-Comparative Analysis among Microscopic Polyangiitis, Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis and Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis]. 2714 8


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