Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an open multicentre study in Switzerland, the dihydroergotamine nasal spray was studied for its efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of acute migraine attacks (common and classical migraine--one attack each patient) in a total of 904 patients. In the global assessment, 76.8% of all the patients reported good efficacy (freedom from pain, less pain or shorter duration of pain). When the nasal spray was used already in the prodromal phase, good efficacy could be obtained by 90 (63%) of 143 patients. 18.1% of all the patients treated--more frequently those who obtained no beneficial effect and/or who took additional medication during the migraine attack--reported one or more--minor side-effects such as local nasal irritation (congestion, burning or stinging), nausea, dizziness and vomiting. 3.9% of the patients said they would not use the spray again because of the side effects.
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PMID:[Dihydroergotamine as a nasal spray in the therapy of migraine attacks. Efficacy and tolerance]. 220 27

"Cervicogenic headache" (CEH) is a strictly unilateral constant dull, dragging, boring background pain of varying intensity which does not alternate sides and persists for a few hours to several days. It is triggered or intensified by head movements, and typically radiates from the neck to the fronto-temporal region. Occasionally, the ipsilateral shoulder and arm are also affected, with no definite radicular pattern. There is overall restriction of head movements. Ipsilateral accompanying symptoms may include conjunctival injection, lacrimation and lid edema. Migraine-like symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, sound and light sensitivity, and ipsilateral visual blurring may occur, as well as dizziness and difficulties in swallowing. A C2-blockade always leads to temporary pain relief. The possible pathophysiology of CEH, and its differential diagnosis are discussed.
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PMID:[Cervicogenic headache. An over- or underdiagnosed headache syndrome?]. 265 Dec 54

The Third National Morbidity Survey lists data about the primary care consultations for more than 300,000 person-years at risk. Data of interest to neurologists have been extracted from the complex tables of the Survey, many of which are on micro-fiche. Assuming that any one subject has only one neurological symptom, 9.5% of the population will consult their general practitioner about a neurological symptom each year. The five most common groups of disorders for which advice is sought are headache/migraine, dizziness, syndromes related to the cervical or lumbar spine, faints or fits, and symptoms due to cerebrovascular disease. About 7% of all patients seen with neurological symptoms are referred to hospital clinics for further advice.
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PMID:Lessons for neurologists from the United Kingdom Third National Morbidity Survey. 278 20

In order to evaluate the relationships between endogenous opioid activity and premenstrual complaints, we subjected three groups of patients in the mid (days 8-12 prior to menses) and late (days 1-5 prior to menses) luteal phases of the cycle to a naloxone test and some of the patients to a luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) test. The premenstrual syndrome (PMS) group was composed of nine patients complaining of dizziness, irritability and depression close to menses for at least three years. The menstrually related migraine (MM) group was composed of 15 patients complaining of premenstrually related migraine. The common migraine (CM) group was made up of 16 women suffering from common migraine for years whose attacks occurred independently of menstrual cycle events. A group of seven fertile women served as controls. Every two days the patients filled out the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire for evaluation of their complaints. After the evaluation of spontaneous LH pulsatility for one hour, 4 mg of naloxone was injected as a bolus, and samples were collected every 15 minutes for 2 hours. Both estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) were measured in basal samples from each naloxone test. LH responsiveness to LHRH was similar in the mid and late luteal phases and did not change between groups. In the mid luteal phase the LH response to naloxone in PMS and MM patients was similar to that in normal subjects, while CM patients had impaired LH secretion. In the premenstrual phase only the controls maintained an LH responsiveness similar to that observed in the mid luteal phase, while both PMS and MM lost the naloxone-induced LH release.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Transient failure of central opioid tonus and premenstrual symptoms. 305 71

Seventy seven cases of migraine in children were studied. Age average was 9 years +/- 2; there were any sex differences. The frontal localization was found in roughly 49% of cases, whereas hemicrania was just found in 9% of cases. The most frequent factors associated were nausea, vomiting and dizziness. The most common triggering factor was the stress. Family history of migraine occurred in 76.5%. Out of 36 patients suffering migraine, 31 underwent a prophylactic treatment with pizotifen or propranolol. There was satisfactory clinical responses in roughly 90% of cases.
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PMID:[Headache in childhood: diagnosis and therapy. A prospective study of 77 cases]. 326 15

Increasing recognition of the importance of calcium in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease has stimulated research into the use of calcium channel blocking agents for treatment of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. The favorable efficacy and tolerability profiles of these agents make them attractive therapeutic modalities. Clinical applications of calcium channel blockers parallel their tissue selectivity. In contrast to verapamil and diltiazem, which are roughly equipotent in their actions on the heart and vascular smooth muscle, the dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are a group of potent peripheral vasodilator agents that exert minimal electrophysiologic effects on cardiac nodal or conduction tissue. As the first dihydropyridine available for use in the United States, nifedipine controls angina and hypertension with minimal depression of cardiac function. Additional members of this group of calcium channel blockers have been studied for a variety of indications for which they may offer advantages over current therapy. Once or twice daily dosage possible with nitrendipine and nisoldipine offers a convenient administration schedule, which encourages patient compliance in long-term therapy of hypertension. The coronary vasodilating properties of nisoldipine have led to the investigation of this agent for use in angina. Selectivity for the cerebrovascular bed makes nimodipine potentially useful in the treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage, migraine headache, dementia, and stroke. In general, the dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are usually well tolerated, with headache, facial flushing, palpitations, edema, nausea, anorexia, and dizziness being the more common adverse effects.
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PMID:Differential effects of 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers: therapeutic implications. 332 59

There are many transient neurologic disturbances associated with various types of migraine. Visual symptoms, such as scintillating scotomata are most common, but somatosensory, motor, cranial nerve, and brain stem symptoms also occur. Among the brain stem symptoms, vestibular manifestations are quite common and include nonspecific dizziness, disequilibrium, vertigo, and motion intolerance. Auditory symptoms are less common. These transient neurologic symptoms can precede the headache as an aura, can occur during the headache, or, uncommonly, can immediately follow the headache. It is also well documented that the neurologic symptoms can occur in the period between headaches, a situation termed "migraine equivalent." Migraine equivalents usually occur in patients who have experienced typical migraine headaches earlier in life or who have migraine headaches at times other than when they experience equivalent symptoms. Rarely, typical migraine equivalent symptoms precede the development of the headaches by months or years, or occur in individuals who never develop headaches. Five patients with migraine equivalent symptoms that include vertigo are presented. The vertigo was the dominant symptom in some cases and was accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Differentiation from peripheral labyrinthine disorders is difficult, but a personal or family history of migraine, the temporal association of the neuro-otologic symptoms with other migraine equivalent symptoms, a characteristic pattern of occurrence of the symptoms, and a positive response to antimigrainous therapy are features that strengthen the diagnosis of a migraine equivalent phenomenon.
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PMID:Migraine equivalent as a cause of episodic vertigo. 333 25

The occurrence of sleep troubles, recurrent abdominal pain, motion sickness, hyperactivity, dizziness, limb pain, cyclic vomiting, pseudoangine and the headache or migraine family history have been studied in 68 children migraine sufferers and compared to 68 non-headache sufferers whose ages range from 7 to 15. Data have revealed a significant predominance of those symptoms and family histories in migraine sufferers except pseudoangine which has had no significance, sleep troubles significant only in males and limb pains in females. The possibility of considering those factors as migraine risk factors is discussed.
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PMID:[Risk factors in headache in children from 7 to 15]. 344 22

The relatively high incidence of persistent post-traumatic headache and vertigo in children and adolescents presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. It is often difficult to differentiate between functional complaints generated by psychological trauma or compensation-seeking and symptoms reflecting an organic etiology. The clinical and laboratory findings of 22 patients with post-traumatic headaches and vertigo were delineated into five major diagnostic categories: labyrinthine concussion, whiplash syndrome, basilar artery migraine, vertiginous seizures, and a non-specific post-traumatic dizziness. Patients with post-traumatic hearing loss were excluded from this study because they represent a group with different diagnostic problems and more recognizable organic pathology. Each patient had a complete neurologic evaluation including specific clinical vestibular tests (i.e., stepping test, reinforced Romberg, past-pointing evaluation, and positional tests using the Nylen-Hallpike maneuver. Laboratory studies included skull x-ray, computed tomography, electroencephalography, electronystagmography, and audiologic assessment. Symptoms, signs, and tests were evaluated in each category of post-traumatic vertigo to help establish the diagnosis and initiate treatment.
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PMID:Post-traumatic vertigo in children: a diagnostic approach. 350 80

Data is reviewed on premenstrual symptoms which have been related to high suicide and accident rates, employment absentee rates, poor academic performance and acute psychiatric problems. A recent study of healthy young women indicated that 39% had troublesome premenstrual symptoms, 54% passed clots in their menses, 70% had cyclical localized acneiform eruptions and only 17% failed to experience menstrual pain. Common menstrual disorders are classified as either dysmenorrhea or the premenstrual syndrome. Symptoms for the latter usually begin 2-12 days prior to menstruation and include nervous tension, irritability, anxiety, depression, bloated breasts and abdomen, swollen fingers and legs, headaches, dizziness, occasional hypersomia, excessive thirst and appetite. Some women may display an increased susceptibility to migraine, vasomotor rhinitis, asthma, urticaria and epilepsy. Symptoms are usually relieved with the onset of menses. While a definitive etiological theory remains to be substantiated, symptomatic relief has been reported with salt and water restriction and simple diuretics used 7 to 10 days premenstrually. Diazapam or chlordiazepoxide treatment is recommended before oral contraceptive therapy. The premenstrual syndrome may persist after menopause, is unaffected by parity, and sufferers score highly on neuroticism tests. Primary or spasmodic dysmenorrhea occurs in young women, tends to decline with age and parity and has no correlation with premenstrual symptoms or neuroticism. Spasmodic or colicky pain begins and is most severe on the first day of menstruation and may continue for 2-3 days. Treatment of dysmenorrhea with psychotropic drugs or narcotics is discouraged due to the risk of dependence and abuse. Temporary relief for disabling pain may be obtained with oral contraceptives containing synthetic estrogen and progestogen but the inherent risks should be acknowledged. Both disorders have been correlated to menstrual irregularity. Amenorrhea in many women may be precipitated by simple psychological events such as leaving home, while severely stressful events produce a higher incidence. Unless a physiological factor such as malnutrition is operating, menses usually recur spontaneously within a few months. Amenorrhea is a constant feature of anorexia nervosa and may precede related attitudes toward eating and body weight. This syndrome is best regarded as a chronic and often severe neurotic disorder requiring combined physiological and psychological treatment, although some evidence exists to indicate an endocrine disorder. Extensive basic research is needed on the complex relationship between the neuroendocrine system and emotion.
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PMID:Premenstrual symptoms. 473 36


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