Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a survey of elderly Chinese aged 70 years and over living in Hong Kong selected by stratified random sampling, the prevalence of depression was determined using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale using a cut-off point of 8 (sensitivity 96.3% and specificity 87.5% for this population). Subjects with moderate to severe cognitive impairment (CAPE I/O score < or = 7) were excluded. There were 877 men and 734 women. The adjusted overall prevalence for this population was 29.2% for men and 41.1% for women. The prevalence increased with age in men and was higher in women than in men. Univariate analysis identified many factors in the following areas that were associated with depression: socioeconomic characteristics, functional ability, physical health and social support. Stepwise logistic regression identified 16 factors predictive of depression: socioeconomic characteristics, such as borderline living expenses and dissatisfaction with living arrangement; poor social support, such as absence of an informal carer when ill, few relatives to turn to, and infrequent contact with neighbours and friends; functional disability, as indicated by a Barthel Index < 15, urinary incontinence and inability to do housework; and poor physical health--poor self perceived health, poor vision, difficulty with chewing, history of mental illness, frequent hospital admissions and increased level of symptoms such as poor memory, constipation and dizziness. Some of these factors may be amenable to intervention, and such measures may be important in reducing the high prevalence of depression in elderly people.
 ...
PMID:The prevalence of depressive symptoms and predisposing factors in an elderly Chinese population. 814 Sep 12

A 24-year-old oil well tester was rendered semiconscious by hydrogen sulfide (H2S). He received oxygen and was hospitalized but released in 30 minutes. The next day, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and incontinence of urine and stool led to rehospitalization. These problems and leg shaking, dizziness, sweating, trouble sleeping, and nightmares prevented his return to work. A physical examination, chest x-ray, and pulmonary function tests were normal 39 months after the episode but vibration sense was diminished. Two choice visual reaction times were delayed. Balance was highly abnormal (5 to 6 cm/sec) with eyes closed. Blink reflex latency was slow (R-1 17.5 msec versus normal 14.3 msec). Numbers written on finger tips were not recognized. Verbal and visual recall were impaired but overlearned memory was intact. Cognitive functions measured by Culture Fair, block design, and digit symbol were impaired. Perceptual motor was slow. Scores for confusion, tension-anxiety, depression, and fatigue were elevated and vigor was reduced. Forty-nine months after exposure his reaction time, sway speed, and color vision had not improved. His recall and his cognitive, constructional, and psychomotor speeds had improved but remained abnormal. These deficits are most likely due to H2S. Similar testing of other survivors is recommended.
 ...
PMID:Case report: profound neurobehavioral deficits in an oil field worker overcome by hydrogen sulfide. 823 84

We present a 81-year old male who developed dementia, gait disturbance and right hemiparesis. He was well until the age of 74 when he developed a hemorrhagic infarction in the right occipital region, which left him left homonymous hemianopsia. One year later he had one TIA attack consisting of dizziness, headache, and some clouding of consciousness. At that time, atrial fibrillation was found. At age 79, he was attacked by right hemiparesis. Cranial CT scans revealed a lesion consistent with a hemorrhagic infarct in the left middle cerebral artery territory. Two months prior to his final admission, he had a gradual onset of forgetfulness, labile affect, nocturnal agitation and hallucination which were followed by gait disturbance and urinary incontinence. On admission, he was alert but moderately demented. In addition he showed difficulty in repetition, limb kinetic and ideomotor apraxia of the left hand indicative of sympathetic apraxia, and constructional apraxia bilaterally. Granial nerves appeared intact except for left homonymous hemianopsia. His gait was wide-based and small stepped. No weakness or ataxia was noted. Deep reflexes were diminished on the left side. Plantar reflex was equivocally extensor of the left. Light touch and pain was slightly diminished on the right side. Cranial CT scans revealed a large low density area in the left fronto-temporo-parietal region. Also ventricular dilatation, diffuse low density change in the subcortical white matter, and diffuse cortical atrophy were seen. His clinical course was complicated by melena, anemia, pneumonia, cardiac failure and renal failure. He expired 2 months after his admission.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[A 81-year-old man with dementia, gait disturbance, hemiparesis, and sympathetic apraxia]. 833 25

A 53-year-old right-handed woman presented with headaches and dizziness. She had been well for ten years following successful cadaveric renal transplantation and was taking prednisolone and azathioprine. Two months later she had more headaches with transient dominant hemisphere disturbances and then suffered a completed right hemisphere deficit. As this was recovering, she developed an ischemic optic neuropathy, Computerized tomography (CT) was then normal although CSF analysis showed lymphocytosis and high protein. Steroid trial led to dramatic symptomatic and clinical recovery. On tailing off steroids, progressive bilateral hemisphere disturbance occurred. She was bedbound, with fever, headache, incontinence and disturbed consciousness. New evidence of infarction in watershed territories on CT led to temporal lobe biopsy. Cortical arterioles and venules showed proliferation of lymphoid cells staining for leucocyte common antigen and B-cell markers characteristic of Neoplastic Angioendotheliomatosis (NAE). After chemotherapy she regained independence and mobility and CSF protein fell. This is the first case of NAE to our knowledge in association with immunosuppression for renal transplant and is further evidence that NAE is malignant lymphoma. Cerebrovascular disease is common in such patients, the simultaneous events in differing territories is typical of NAE. Response to chemotherapeutic agents occurred although the typical natural history was unchanged.
 ...
PMID:Neoplastic angioendotheliomatosis: a treatable "vascular dementia" occurring in an immunosuppressed transplant patient. 847 50

In a representative population of ambulant and home-dwelling 76-year-old citizens in Sweden (n = 565), dizziness was reported in about one third of the sample and more frequent in women. The dizzy subjects had more locomotor disorders, angina, urinary incontinence, stroke/paresis, and mental disorders than the non-dizzy. Unsteadiness was the most frequently reported sensation of dizziness and was more common in women than in men. Dizziness had a detrimental influence on all quality of life dimensions and daily life areas, as measured by the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), except home life and, in women, social life. Dizzy subjects reported more frequently memory problems and anxiety than non-dizzy subjects. Dizziness showed a significant correlation with nervousness and depression in men. Dizziness seems to be one of the most important single symptoms with a negative influence on well-being in old age. It should be recognized as a serious complaint, especially in men, and, therefore, recorded in regular screenings in the elderly.
 ...
PMID:Health-related quality of life and dizziness in old age. 864 3

The aim was to examine the feasibility of a study of centenarians and to describe morbidity and functional capacity of centenarians in the County of Funen. A total of 51 out of 58 centenarians on Funen born on May 1, 1894 or before participated. An interview could be carried out almost completely in 80.4% of the 51 participants, cognitive testing (MMSE) in 78.4% and physical performance test (PPT) in 49%. Additional information on morbidity and activities of daily living (ADL) was collected on all 51 centenarians from family members, nursing staff, GP's, hospital registries and the National Cancer Registry. Almost 3/4 were women and 58.8% were in an old people's home. Osteoarthrosis, urinary incontinence, heart failure, dizziness and eye diseases were found to be frequently prevalent, while hypertension, diabetes, cancer and stroke were found to be rare. Based on Katz' ADL index approx. 1/3 could be considered to be independent of help, while almost everybody was dependent on help for the instrumental activities (IADL). A low average score was found at the PPT, especially the walking speed was found to be very slow. Only 32.5% scored over 23 points at the MMSE, but allowing for severe impairment of vision and hearing more than 1/3 were found to be cognitively well-functioning. Severe dementia was found among 15.7%. Dependency on help for the ADL-functions was not found to be associated with health measurement, but strongly associated with visual function, PPT and MMSE (p < 0.001). The characterization of centenarians as described in a number of foreign studies as being an homogeneous, relatively healthy and independent group could therefore not be confirmed. On the contrary, they were found to be very heterogeneous and characterized by multi-morbidity. By far the great part of them were in addition dependent on help in their activities of daily life. Approx. 1/3, however, were found to be relatively independent of help for basic functions, more than 1/3 were cognitively well-functioning, and a very small number could even manage a few outdoor functions by themselves.
 ...
PMID:[Centenarians in the county of Funen. Morbidity and functional capacity]. 901 57

In a post-marketing surveillance study of 752 patients suffering from urgent incontinence, mixed urgent-stress incontinence, reflex incontinence, urgency and enuresis were treated with propiverine hydrochloride. Clinical efficacy of propiverine hydrochloride was verified by the improvement of symptoms related to detrusor hyperactivity, hypersensitivity and hyperreflexia during a 12-week surveillance period: daytime and overnight urinary incontinence, as well as the frequency, nocturia, urgency in day time and at night decreased. These results are well demonstrated by decreased pad use and statistically significant decrease of Gaudenz urgency score during treatment, confirming the efficacy of propiverine hydrochloride already proved in clinical trials. The safety profile of propiverine hydrochloride displayed characteristic anticholinergic symptoms (dry mouth, accommodation disorders, constipation, tiredness, dizziness) with decreasing incidence during the 12-week treatment period. The residual urine volume decreased also. Serious adverse events were observed rarely and could be explained by the lack of consideration of contraindications, warnings and interactions with other drugs. The positive risk-benefit relationship of propiverine hydrochloride in the treatment of detrusor hyperactivity, hypersensitivity and hyperreflexia was reconfirmed in this post-marketing drug surveillance study.
 ...
PMID:[Tolerance and effectiveness of propiverine hydrochloride in 752 patients with symptoms of detrusor hyperactivity and increased sensitivity and irritability of the urinary bladder: results of a study monitoring drug utilization]. 960 Jan 63

Although drug-drug interactions constitute only a small proportion of adverse drug reactions, they are important because they are often predictable and therefore avoidable or manageable. Their frequency is related to the age of the patient, the number of drugs prescribed, the number of physicians involved in the patient's care and the presence of increasing frailty. The most important mechanisms for drug-drug interactions are the inhibition or induction of drug metabolism, and pharmacodynamic potentiation or antagonism. Interactions involving a loss of action of one of the drugs are at least as frequent as those involving an increased effect. It is likely that only about 10% of potential interactions result in clinically significant events and, while death or serious clinical consequences are rare, low-grade, clinically unspectacular morbidity in the elderly may be much more common. Nonspecific complaints (e.g. confusion, lethargy, weakness, dizziness, incontinence, depression, falling) should all prompt a closer look at the patient's drug list. There are a number of strategies that can be adopted to decrease the risk of potential clinical problems. The number of drugs prescribed for each individual should be limited to as few as is necessary. The use of drugs should be reviewed regularly and unnecessary agents withdrawn if possible, with subsequent monitoring. Patients should be encouraged to engage in a 'prescribing partnership' by alerting physicians, pharmacists and other healthcare professionals to symptoms that occur when new drugs are introduced. Physicians with a responsibility for elderly people in an institutional setting should develop a strategy for monitoring their drug treatment. For those interactions that have come to clinical attention, it is important to review why they happened and to plan for future prevention. Clinicians should also report, via the appropriate postmarketing surveillance scheme, any drug-drug interactions they have encountered. Finally, multidisciplinary education about the nature of physiological aging and its effect on drug handling, and the possible presentations of drug-related disease in older patients, is an important element in reducing interactions in the elderly.
 ...
PMID:Important drug-drug interactions in the elderly. 963 96

Extended-release oxybutynin (Ditropan XL) uses an osmotic system (OROS) to deliver a controlled amount of oxybutynin chloride into the gastrointestinal tract over a 24-hour period when taken once daily. Oxybutynin binds to M3 muscarinic receptors on the detrusor muscle of the bladder, preventing acetylcholinergic activation and relaxing the muscle. Mean peak plasma concentrations are lower with extended-release oxybutynin 15mg once daily than with conventional immediate-release oxybutynin 5mg taken 3 times daily. Relative bioavailabilities of parent drug and metabolite N-desethoxybutynin are 153 and 69%, respectively, for extended-release oxybutynin when compared with immediate-release oxybutynin. In short (< or =6 weeks) randomised, double-blind clinical trials of patients with detrusor instability, extended-release oxybutynin 5 to 30mg once daily significantly reduced the mean weekly number of urge incontinence episodes by 84 to 90%. Extended-release oxybutynin had similar efficacy to immediate-release oxybutynin. Adverse events reported by patients taking extended-release oxybutynin were dose-related anticholinergic effects, most frequently dry mouth, somnolence, constipation, blurred vision and dizziness. A large noncomparative study demonstrated that approximately two thirds of the patients prescribed extended-release oxybutynin for detrusor instability were still taking the medication 6 months later.
 ...
PMID:Extended-release oxybutynin. 1075 30

Carbon monoxide (CO) has the toxic effects of tissue hypoxia and produces various systemic and neurological complications. The main clinical manifestations of acute CO poisoning consist of symptoms caused by alterations of the cardiovascular system such as initial tachycardia and hypertension, and central nervous system symptoms such as headache, dizziness, paresis, convulsion and unconsciousness. CO poisoning also produces myocardial ischemia, atrial fibrillation, pneumonia, pulmonary edema, erythrocytosis, leucocytosis, hyperglycemia, muscle necrosis, acute renal failure, skin lesion, and changes in perception of the visual and auditory systems. Of considerable clinical interest, severe neurological manifestations may occur days or weeks after acute CO poisoning. Delayed sequelae of CO poisoning are not rare, usually occur in middle or older, and are clinically characterized by symptom triad of mental deterioration, urinary incontinence, and gait disturbance. Occasionally, movement disorders, particularly parkinsonism, are observed. In addition, peripheral neuropathy following CO poisoning usually occurs in young adults.
 ...
PMID:Carbon monoxide poisoning: systemic manifestations and complications. 1141 Jun 84


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>