Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are considered to be congenital disorders. However, their familial occurrence has so far been described in only 19 families in the literature. The authors report on two cases in one family and review the literature. A 45-year-old female subject with sudden onset of headache and vomiting due to a subarachnoid haemorrhage from a small AVM in the posterior part of the corpus callosum near the midline on the left side was studied. Irradiation of the AVM using Leksell's gamma knife led to its complete obliteration. Her older sister presented with temporal seizures at the age of 49 and later also with left hemiparesis, left hemihypaesthesia and dizziness - caused by a large AVM in the right temporal lobe. This AVM was treated by a combination of embolization and irradiation by the Leksell's gamma knife.
 ...
PMID:Familial occurrence of cerebral arteriovenous malformation in sisters: case report and review of the literature. 1080 22

The long QT syndrome is characterized by prolongation of the corrected QT (QTc) interval on the surface electrocardiogram. It is associated with precipitation of a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, torsade de pointes, which may cause sudden death. The syndrome is a disorder of cardiac repolarization caused by the alterations in the transmembrane potassium and sodium currents. Six genetic loci for the congenital forms of the syndrome have been identified; sporadic cases occur because of spontaneous mutations. Acquired causes of the long QT syndrome include drugs, electrolyte imbalance, toxins, marked bradycardia, subarachnoid hemorrhage, stroke, myocardial ischemia, protein-sparing fasting, autonomic neuropathy, and human immunodeficiency virus disease. Clinical symptoms are the result of the precipitation of torsade de pointes and range from such minor symptoms as dizziness to syncope and sudden death. Short-term treatment is aimed at preventing the recurrences of torsade de pointes and includes intravenous magnesium and potassium administration, temporary cardiac pacing, and correction of electrolyte imbalance; rarely, intravenous isoproterenol is indicated. Long-term management includes use of beta-blockers, permanent pacemaker placement, and cardioverter-defibrillator implantation. Asymptomatic patients are treated if under the age of 40 years at the time of diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:Clinical and therapeutic aspects of congenital and acquired long QT syndrome. 1181 8

A 69-year-old woman with a history of subarachnoid hemorrhage was started on ifenprodil for dizziness. Three weeks later, fever, cough, chills, dyspnea and skin eruption developed. A chest radiograph showed bilateral ground-glass shadows. Blood tests showed a white cell count of 14,400/mm3 with 32% eosinophils and a C reactive protein (CRP) level of 20 mg/dl. The arterial blood gases on room air were as follows: pH 7.45, PaCO2 33 torr, and PaO2 56 torr (Table 1). Ifenprodil was withdrawn and intravenous meropenem and minocycline administration was started on admission. Her fever improved rapidly and the CRP decreased, but hypoxemia and hypereosinophilia persisted. On the third hospital day, she underwent bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). The differential count of BAL cells was 63% eosinophils, 15% lymphocytes, 21% macrophages, and 1% neutrophils. Intravenous methylprednisolone 250 mg/day for 3 days was commenced, leading to a clinical improvement. She received oral prednisolone (30 mg/day) for the next 4 days, and was then discharged without any symptoms. She has had no recurrence since. Both the drug lymphocyte stimulation test and the skin test for ifenprodil were negative.
 ...
PMID:[A case of eosinophilic pneumonia possibly due to ifenprodil]. 1185 87

To define the incidence and type of neurological complications and associated factors, we reviewed 41 consecutive patients who had 45 procedures for liver transplantation. Encephalopathy occurred after 28 procedures (62%) with immediate onset and no significant recovery before death or re-transplantation in 11 (24%), slow recovery in eight (18%) and delayed onset (1-50 days, average 11) in six (13%). Intermittent confusion and agitation with full recovery followed three (6.6%), and focal and generalized seizures followed five (11%) procedures with multifocal myoclonus in two and status epilepticus in one; isolated focal seizures followed two and myoclonus or unclassified seizures, one each. All patients with seizures had encephalopathy. Three patients had neuropathy (2 generalised and 1 focal). Other complications included headache (2), tremors (2), fatigue (2), restlessness, nervousness, transient enuresis, intermittent dizziness, critical illness myopathy and detached retina. Brain imaging showed atrophy in three (6.6%) instances, intracerebral haemorrhage in two, multiple infarctions in one, and intracerebral and subarachnoid haemorrhage with infarction in one. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed increased protein in three, hemorrhage in one, and no abnormality in one patient. Of 12 patients (29%) who died before discharge, five in the first and three in the second week post-transplantation, 11 (92%) had encephalopathy post-operatively. Neurological complications after transplantation were associated with increased mortality. Post-operative hypomagnesaemia was associated with the development of nervous system complications. We did not identify any clear pre-operative predictors of development of post-operative neurological complications.
 ...
PMID:Neurological complications in liver transplantation. 1201 80

A 67-year-old Korean woman attended our hospital complaining of a severe headache. A brain computed tomography scan showed conglomerated, high-density, calcified nodules in the left temporo-occipito-parietal area and high-density subarachnoid hemorrhage in the basal cisterns. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain shows multiple conglomerated iso- or low-signal intensity round nodules with peripheral rim enhancement. She underwent craniotomies to clip the aneurysm and remove the calcified masses. Paragonimus westermani eggs were identified in the calcified necrotic lesions. Results of parasitic examinations on the sputum and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for P. westermani were all negative. The patient presented with headache and dizziness that had occurred for more than 30 years. She had not eaten freshwater crayfish or crabs. However, she had sometimes prepared raw crabs for several decades. Overall, this case was diagnosed as chronic cerebral paragonimiasis, in which she may have been infected through the contamination of utensils during the preparation of the second intermediate hosts, combined with a cerebral hemorrhage.
 ...
PMID:Chronic cerebral paragonimiasis combined with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. 1469 81

Heavy resistance exercise may be associated with a small risk of cerebral aneurysm rupture, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and symptoms of dizziness or outright weight-lifters' blackout, which may be induced by a rapid change in the cerebral blood flow. We hypothesized that these changes during heavy exercise could be associated with the mode of ventilation. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the effect of the mode of ventilation on cerebral blood flow response during heavy upper body exercise. Subjects performed 15-s static exercises at 80% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) under different modes of ventilation. In this study, we observed that heavy exercise with breath holding induced marked and rapid changes in the cerebral blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery during and after exercise as compared with that with continued normal ventilation. We also observed that hyperventilation before exercise could largely contribute to a lower cerebral blood flow velocity during exercise and which even extended to the recovery phase. Our data suggested that even during heavy upper body exercise, the mode of ventilation is very important for maintaining cerebral circulation.
 ...
PMID:Cerebrovascular response during heavy upper body exercise: effect of mode of ventilation on blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery. 2020 14

We report a 62-year-old woman patient who slipped and hit the occipital portion of her skull and suffered an acute spinal subdural hematoma caused by head injury. She complained of headache, neck pain, vomiting, dizziness, and was transferred to our hospital. A skull roentgenogram and CT showed occipital bone fracture and thin subarachnoid hemorrhage, and a small amount of acute subdural hematoma on the contra lateral side. Three hours after the accident, she complained of aggravating neck pain. A repeated CT showed acute subdural hematoma at the cranio-vertebral junction extending to the C3 vertrebral body level. At the emergent operation, we found a dural laceration at the foramen magnum just beneath the fracture, and acute spinal subdural hematoma. After evacuation of the hematoma, the patient recovered completely. Spinal acute subdural hematomas after head injuries are relatively rare. In this case, the migration of the extradural hematoma through the dural laceration at the cranio-vertebral junction was supposed to be responsible for the spinal subdural hematoma. It is crucial that a cervical CT be taken to rule out the possibility of spinal hematoma for patients with head injuries complaining of neck pain.
 ...
PMID:[Subdural hematoma at the cranio-vertebral junction following head trauma: a case report]. 2038 79

Migraine and anxiety disorders are frequently co-morbid with balance disorders. This study examined the relative distribution of subtypes of serotonin (5-HT) receptor in the inner ear of monkeys and rats. Most vestibular ganglion cells were immunoreactive for 5-HT(1B) and 5-HT(1D) receptors in macaques and rats. In the inner ear, 5-HT(1B) and 5-HT(1D) receptor immunopositivity was associated with endothelial cells of the vestibular ganglion, spiral ganglion, vestibulocochlear nerve, spiral ligament and stria vascularis. It was noteworthy that 5-HT(1B) and 5-HT(1D) receptors are expressed in parallel sites in peripheral vestibular and trigeminal systems, which may be a factor underlying the efficacy of triptans in treating migraine and migrainous vertigo. Because the vestibular ganglion and trigeminal ganglion are both within the subarachnoid space, an interaction between 5-HT(1B) and TRPV1 receptors on blood vessel and ganglion cells may also contribute to the vasospasm and the comorbid headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting that accompany subarachnoid hemorrhage.
 ...
PMID:Distribution of 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptors in the inner ear. 2051 Aug 90

At 5:20 pm, a local flight team was activated to respond for an interfacility transfer of a 13-year-old girl with a subarachnoid hemorrhage. In the history obtained, the patient's parents noted that she had not been feeling well for the past several days. She had been complaining of intermittent dizziness and a persistent headache. Until the onset of these prodromal events, she had been active with no medical history. That afternoon, the child was playing with her friends at the school playground. As the group was walking home, they noticed that the patient was not with them. They subsequently returned and found her lying face-down in the bushes, unresponsive, with agonal respirations.
 ...
PMID:Subarachnoid hemorrhage in a 13-year-old girl. 2082 49

Systemic complications secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage from an aneurysm are common (40%) and the mortality attributable to them (23%) is comparable to mortality from the primary lesion, rebleeding, or vasospasm. Although nonneurologic medical complications are avoidable, they worsen the prognosis, lengthen the hospital stay, and generate additional costs. The prevention, early detection, and appropriate treatment of systemic complications will be essential for managing the individual patient's case. Treatment should cover major symptoms (headache, nausea, and dizziness) and ambient noise should be reduced, all with the aim of achieving excellence and improving the patient's perception of quality of care.
 ...
PMID:[Systemic complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage from spontaneous rupture of a cerebral aneurysm]. 2129 10


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 Next >>