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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four children with panic disorder, two boys and two girls between the ages of nine and 16 years, are discussed. They presented with complaints suggesting neurological disorder: 'dizziness', headache, episodic anxiety and 'blackout spells'. Neurological examinations and investigations were normal. Depression and/or anxiety were prominent in all cases. Drug treatment and psychotherapy were of some benefit. Four other children with attention deficit disorders are presented, whose mothers have panic disorder. This association points towards common biochemical influences and suggests that tricyclic drugs may be preferable to CNS stimulants as a form of treatment.
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PMID:Neurologic presentations of panic disorder in childhood and adolescence. 378 Nov 4

A battery of vestibular and audiological tests was administered to eight patients with panic disorder and 13 patients with agoraphobia and panic attacks, all of whom experienced dizziness during their panic attacks. Positional or spontaneous nystagmus was present in 67% of the subjects. Abnormal responses were found in caloric testing (56%), rotational testing (35%), and posturography (32%). Pure tone audiograms were abnormal in 26% of the subjects and acoustic reflexes were abnormal in 44% of the subjects. Six of eight patients tested had an abnormal brainstem auditory evoked potential. The possible importance of the findings and their implications for further research are discussed.
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PMID:Otoneurological examination in panic disorder and agoraphobia with panic attacks: a pilot study. 387 76

A retrospective study of 55 patients with panic disorder referred for psychiatric consultation by primary care physicians is presented. Eighty-nine percent of the patients initially presented with one or two somatic complaints, and misdiagnosis often continued for months or years. The three most common presentations were cardiac symptoms (chest pain, tachycardia, irregular heart beat), gastrointestinal symptoms (especially epigastric distress), and neurologic symptoms (headache, dizziness/vertigo, syncope, or paresthesias). Eighty-one percent of patients had a presenting pain complaint. Hypertension and peptic ulcer were the most common medical diagnoses, and depression and alcoholism the most frequently associated psychiatric diagnoses.
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PMID:Panic disorder and somatization. Review of 55 cases. 637 87

Panic disorder is a subtype of anxiety manifested by discrete periods of apprehension or fear and at least four of the following somatic symptoms: dyspnea, palpitations, chest pain, choking, dizziness, depersonalization or derealization experience, paresthesias, hot and cold flashes, sweating, faintness, trembling, and fear of dying, going crazy, or doing something uncontrolled during an attack. Because the patient with panic disorder often selectively focuses on one of these somatic symptoms and may minimize or deny psychosocial distress, panic disorder is frequently misdiagnosed. As a result of the frightening nature of the symptoms, a pattern of overutilization of medical care systems frequently ensues. Panic disorder is usually precipitated by stressful life events, most commonly separation or loss, in a patient with a genetic or acquired vulnerability. As with other psychophysiologic illness (depression, duodenal ulcer) resolution of the acute stressful life event may not lead to resolutions of the physiologic changes. Two specific tricyclic antidepressants, imipramine and desipramine, have been shown to be effective therapeutic agents in treating panic disorder.
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PMID:Panic disorder. 663 52

Our purpose was to determine the incidence of mitral valve prolapse in patients with anxiety neurosis or panic disorder, with symptoms including recurrent anxiety attacks, dyspnea, palpitations, chest pain, dizziness, and paresthesias. Twenty-one patients and 20 age- and sex-matched normal controls were studied. Objective cardiac abnormalities were significantly (p < 0.05) more frequent in the patient group as compared to the control group; these comprised echocardiographic prolapse, ST-T abnormalities on resting ECG, premature ventricular contractions on exercise ECG, and the combination of echo prolapse with clicks/murmurs of exercise-induced PVC. We conclude that patients with anxiety neurosis or panic disorder may also have evidence of an organic abnormality--the mitral prolapse syndrome.
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PMID:Mitral valve prolapse in anxiety neurosis (panic disorder). 740

Panic disorder is a chronic illness that affects at least 3 percent of the population. Panic disorder is associated with significant morbidity and an increased risk of suicide. Patients generally present with multiple somatic and psychologic complaints, including heart palpitations, chest pain, tremor, shortness of breath, choking, nausea or abdominal distress, dizziness, derealization, fear of losing control or going crazy, fear of dying, paresthesias, chills or hot flushes, headache, diarrhea, insomnia, chronic fatigue, anxiety and depression. To make the correct diagnosis, these symptoms must be evaluated carefully since they also occur with serious cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrinologic and neurologic disorders. Many effective treatments are available, including tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, benzodiazepines such as alprazolam and clonazepam, and psychotherapy.
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PMID:Panic disorder. 748 99

The relationship between 23 specific panic attack symptoms and the 16 items of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index was investigated using a factor analytic procedure with a large sample (N = 209) of panic disorder patients. A five-factor model resulted in three panic symptom clusters (cardio-respiratory, dizziness-related, and cognitive symptoms) and two anxiety sensitivity factors (fear of physical symptoms and fear of psychological symptoms). The five-factor model accounted for 50% of the variance. There was some overlap between anxiety sensitivity and panic symptomatology and the cognitive panic symptom "fear of dying" loaded strongly on the anxiety sensitivity fear of physical sensations factor rather than on any of the panic symptoms factors. These results demonstrate that anxiety sensitivity can be independent of panic and are also consistent with a cognitive view of panic in which catastrophic cognitions that occur during a panic attack are more associated with a cognitive style or personality trait than with the severity of physical symptoms.
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PMID:Anxiety sensitivity and panic attack symptomatology. 767 22

In a study of the prevalence of panic and other anxiety disorders in persons with complaints of dizziness, 87 patients referred to a clinic for vestibular disorders completed self-rating measures of anxiety and depression; 32 also underwent a structured diagnostic interview. Thirteen (14.9%) of the patients met the DSM-III-R criteria for panic disorder, agoraphobia, or both. They rated themselves as much more disabled by their dizziness than the patients with no psychiatric disorder. Panic disorder was equally prevalent among patients with and without vestibular disease. In some cases panic disorder may provide an explanation for the dizziness, whereas in others it may be a comorbid condition compounding the disability attributable to the vestibular disorder.
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PMID:Panic disorder in patients attending a clinic for vestibular disorders. 794 64

Panic attack symptomatology was investigated in 212 panic disorder patients (60 men, 152 women) using the Panic Attack Questionnaire, Feelings of helplessness and thoughts of escape had the highest mean severity ratings, but are not currently listed in the DSM-III-R. The DSM-III-R symptoms labeled choking or smothering sensations, paresthesias, nausea, and chest pain had low severity ratings. Evidence was obtained for a three-factor model of panic symptomatology consisting of dizziness-related symptoms, cardiorespiratory distress, and cognitive factors. These results provide only limited support for the current DSM-III-R symptom structure, and support the notion that panic disorder is a heterogeneous condition.
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PMID:The symptom structure of panic attacks. 799 26

The recent publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, third edition (D.S.M-III) has provided the basis for the separate diagnostic entity of panic disorder. A panic attack is characterized by the abrupt onset of apprehension or fear accompanied by symptoms such as dyspnea, palpitation, chest discomfort, dizziness, sweating, feeling of unreality, and fear of dying. Panic disorder, defined as four panic attacks in a four week period, has a lifetime prevalence of 1 to 2 percent of the general population. In these patients, panic disorders can be provoked by pharmacological challenge with sodium lactate, yohimbine, caffeine and carbon dioxide inhalation. Recently, the relationship between panic disorder and depression became a subject of investigation from various points of view.
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PMID:[Panic disorder]. 800 10


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