Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of a new dopamine agonist, CU 32-085 (8 alpha-amino-ergoline), on pituitary function in acromegaly was evaluated by a controlled, single blind study of 12 acromegalics. The study included a single dose placebo/drug (0.5 mg CU 32-085) trial and a long-term crossover trial with 3 month periods (placebo/CU 32-085 8 mg daily). The patients were evaluated clinically and biochemically (oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), TRH- and LHRH-tests) before and after each 3 month period. Nine patients completed this long-term trial; one died from myocardial infarction during the placebo period, and two dropped out because of side effects. The release of GH, judged from more than 9 h suppression of serum GH following the single dose, and from the response to OGTT after the long-term treatment, was significantly inhibited by CU 32-085. Serum GH reached normal values in 4 of 9 patients. Serum PRL was also markedly suppressed, to subnormal values after the 3 months in all but one hyperprolactinemic patient. Serum TSH, cortisol, FSH and LH were generally unaffected. Glucose tolerance was not significantly altered, although an improvement was found in six of nine patients. A semiquantitative evaluation of subjective symptoms showed a significant improvement following the long-term treatment, while objective signs of acromegaly were unaffected. The blood pressure was slightly lowered, both after a single dose and after 3 months' treatment. Seven patients experienced nausea and dizziness, two of them with vomiting, after a single dose of the drug. Four of these had similar symptoms initially during the long-term treatment, which forced two to interrupt the trial. We conclude that CU 32-085 caused a marked suppression of the release of GH and PRL and an improvement of the major symptoms of acromegaly, a therapeutic effect that is comparable to the previous experience with bromocriptine.
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PMID:The effect of a new ergoline derivative, CU 32-085, in the treatment of acromegaly. A controlled study. 388 7

A case of coronary artery vasospasm was studied in a man with a four year history of angina. He had evidence of symptomatic hyperventilation during a spontaneous episode of chest pain. When asked to hyperventilate the pain in his chest and ST elevation were reproduced in the same leads as occurred during the spontaneous attack. This may be the first reported case of spontaneous hyperventilation producing vasoconstriction, and the patient's previous admissions to the coronary care unit may have been associated with coronary vasospasm induced by hyperventilation. When patients with variant angina report pains in the chest in association with dizziness and breathlessness hyperventilation should be considered to be a possible cause of the symptoms. As coronary vasospasm is increasingly implicated in angina after myocardial infarction the role of hyperventilation should be considered more often.
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PMID:Are coronary artery spasm and progressive damage to the heart associated with the hyperventilation syndrome? 393 41

Little is known of the magnitude of the stress imposed on the heart by ambulatory activities following infarction. Heart rate, blood pressure, and rhythm provide simple and important estimates of these potential stresses. We therefore measured these variables in 32 patients during sitting, standing, and walking in the first two days following myocardial infarction. Ambulatory activities caused only a small increase in heart rate, with a maximum increase of 9 beats/minute during walking. The blood pressure was either unchanged or decreased during activity. In six other patients, we also measured central hemodynamics during the same activities. The wedge pressure fell with sitting and standing and remained low after walking. All activities were well tolerated. The major problem was hypotension; this was associated with chest pain in one patient, dizziness in four and shortness of breath in two. Most of the patients with hypotension were taking nitrates. In conclusion, mild ambulatory activities produce little stress for the myocardium and can be permitted in the first few days following infarction as long as blood pressure is measured.
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PMID:Assessment of myocardial stress from early ambulatory activities following myocardial infarction. 397 31

The efficacy of the new class Ic anti-arrhythmic (aa) drug, Flecainide, has been evaluated in patients (pts) affected by frequent and/or severe chronic ventricular arrhythmias (VA), as assessed by 24 hours Holter monitoring and maximal exercise stress testing. The protocol consisted in a preliminary screening with multiple aa drugs (average 6.0 per pt) using the acute oral drug testing. The most effective drug was then given for 72 hours and 24 hours Holter monitoring and exercise stress testing repeated; if the efficacy was confirmed, chronic treatment was initiated and control visits were repeated after 3, 6 and 12 months. The study population consisted of 27 pts; 22 (81%) were in Lown class 4A (18%) or 4B (63%). Eight pts (30%) had a previous (greater than 1 year) myocardial infarction, while in 14 (52%) no evidence of cardiac disease was found. During acute oral drug testing a positive response (reduction of PVC's greater than 90% and abolition of grades 4A and 4B) was obtained with Flecainide, 200 mg, in 20 pts (74%). In 6 pts (22%) no effect was observed, while a possible proarrhythmic effect was observed in 1 pt (4%). Eighteen pts entered the second phase of the study with an average dose of Flecainide of 175 mg b.i.d. In 83% of the pts there was a positive concordance between the acute oral testing and the 72 hours treatment, as in 15 out of 18 pts grades 4A and 4B were totally abolished and the mean frequency of PVC's was reduced by 99%. In 3 pts (17%) no response was observed. Flecainide increased significantly PR (37 msec), QRS (20 msec) and QTc (28 msec). The plasma levels attained with chronic therapy (846 ng/ml) were higher than those achieved with the acute oral testing (372 ng/ml). Mild side effects (dizziness, tremor and headache) were observed in 33% of the pts and were all eliminated by a 100 mg reduction in Flecainide dose. Fifteen pts entered the third phase (long term treatment): in this group there was a 93.3% correlation with phase two, as in 14 out of 15 pts there was a complete abolition of grade 4B arrhythmias, a 98.8% reduction of couplets and a reduction in the number of PVC's greater than 85%. This study shows that Flecainide is a quite powerful aa drug with modest side effects. Its efficacy against chronic VA is high, also when compared to the most effective and available aa drugs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Evaluation of flecainide in the therapy of chronic ventricular arrhythmia using the acute oral load method]. 401 65

Tocainide is an antiarrhythmic drug structurally related to lignocaine with similar electrophysiological, haemodynamic and antiarrhythmic effects. In contrast to lignocaine (lidocaine) it is well absorbed after oral administration and has a plasma half-life of about 15 hours. In several open and controlled therapeutic trials in patients with ventricular arrhythmias, often following a myocardial infarction, tocainide has been relatively effective and usually well tolerated. In treating ventricular ectopic beats and/or ventricular tachycardia tocainide has demonstrated effective suppression in 60 to 70% of patients in both open and controlled studies. It has an acute effect when infused in patients with ventricular arrhythmias complicating myocardial infarction, as well as a prophylactic effect when given orally. The majority of these studies have demonstrated tocainide to be more effective than placebo, but trials against other antiarrhythmic agents are few in number and vary in design. One study combining an infusion of tocainide with oral therapy compared to a bolus injection of lignocaine followed by a constant infusion in patients after myocardial infarction, found the two agents to be of similar efficacy. The most common adverse effects are neurological and gastrointestinal in nature, nausea and dizziness occurring most frequently. Adverse effects resulting in termination of therapy have been reported in about 16% of patients. Aggravation of pre-existing heart failure, increased ventricular arrhythmia, deterioration of conduction disturbances, convulsions, and cases of lupus erythematosus syndrome have occasionally been reported. Thus, tocainide appears to offer a worthwhile addition to the other antiarrhythmic agents available for ventricular arrhythmias. However, its relative place in therapy compared with other antiarrhythmic drugs is not yet clearly established.
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PMID:Tocainide. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy. 641 45

This study was undertaken to test the validity of methods of evaluating ventricular tachycardia and in therapeutic surveillance. One hundred and thirty nine patients aged 16 to 84 years, with and without severe ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia, VT, and fibrillation, VF) were divided into two groups after clinical, echocardiographic and 24 hour Holter investigations: Group I comprised 26 patients with a least one documented attack of VT or VF; Group II comprised 113 patients without these arrhythmias, who complained of dizziness, syncope, and/or their ECG showed a conduction defect, and so electrophysiological investigation was undertaken. A protocol of ventricular stimulation was undertaken in addition to the usual measurements of conduction times, comprising incremental ventricular stimulation from 100 to 200/min, single and paired extrastimulus in sinus rhythm and during ventricular pacing at rates of 100 and 150/min, the first extrastimulus being programmed 10 ms after the end of the ventricular effective refractory period. Excluding bundle to bundle reentry, the following results were obtained: In Group I: VT was triggered 16 times (61,5 p. 100), and in 4 of these cases VF occurred and required defibrillation. Ten patients had previous myocardial infarction; 5 patients had left ventricular dilatation. In 2 cases runs of 3 or 4 VES were recorded. No arrhythmia could be induced in 8 cases (30,8 p. 100); 5 of these patients had apparently normal hearts. In Group II: VT (greater than 5 VES) was triggered in 22 cases (19,5 p. 100) and in 4 cases this degenerated to VF requiring defibrillation. 11 patients had apparently normal hearts; 6 patients had left ventricular dilatation and 4 patients had previous myocardial infarction. 1 to 4 repetitive VES were observed in 67 cases (59,3 p. 100): the heart was judged to be normal in all patients except those with previous infarction. No correlation was established between the ability to induce VT and age, syncope, or ECG changes (especially bundle branch block). However, a correlation was found between the induction of VT and underlying cardiac disease and the method of induction of VT; in Group II, all episodes of VT were triggered by delivering paired ventricular extrastimuli on a background paced rhythm. These results show that repetitive ventricular responses can easily be triggered and that this has no pathological significance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Results of the systematic application of ventricular stimulation methods]. 642 12

Treatment with oestrogens in the perimenopause can regulate dysfunctional uterine bleeding and positively influence unpleasant subjective feelings such as sweating, dizziness, nervousness and lack or incapability of concentration. Oestrogens are especially successful in reactive depression and in the therapy of insomnia. Their positive effect on atrophic changes of the genitalia and in combating urge incontinence is also of therapeutic importance. Of particular socio-medical importance is their beneficial effect on postmenopausal osteoporosis. Side effects like weight gain, increase in blood pressure or changes in coagulation parameters are not observed during therapy with natural oestrogens in the usual doses. The incidence of thrombosis, embolism and myocardial infarction is not increased when oestrogens are given in the perimenopause. The controversy with respect to an increased incidence of endometrial carcinoma after long-term therapy with oestrogens may be based on an incorrect mode of administration as used on the Anglo-American scene. Excess dosage, continuous instead of intermittent therapy, lack of addition of progestational agents and a neglect of contraindications and risk factors may have led to the 3- to 8-fold increased incidence of endometrial carcinoma after oestrogen therapy in the studies from these areas.
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PMID:[Advances and risks in estrogen therapy in the perimenopause]. 665 19

The selective alpha, blocker prazosin was used to abolish Prinzmetal's variant angina in six patients. All had had an acute transmural myocardial infarction, after which the anginal attacks with transient ST segment elevation developed, and three of them had already suffered from variant angina prior to the infarction. Therapeutic trials with high doses of nifedipine, verapamil, nitrates, beta blockers, and (in one case) phenoxybenzamine were ineffective in all six patients. Prazosin, 8 to 30 mg/day combined with low-dose nitrates or nifedipine completely abolished the attacks in four patients, markedly reduced their frequency and intensity in one patient, and had to be stopped in the sixth one because of hypotension and dizziness. Except for this last patient, the drug was well tolerated by all the others, and no changes in blood pressure were observed. In four patients discontinuation or reduction of prazosin resulted in exacerbation of symptoms, but its renewal was followed by disappearance of the attacks. Since the mean follow-up period in this study was 4 to 6 months, further evaluation appears necessary concerning the long-term effects of this drug in Prinzmetal's variant angina.
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PMID:Prazosin therapy for refractory variant angina. 682 8

Twenty-four-hour ambulatory electrocardiography was performed in 25 young and 29 active elderly subjects. Sinus bradycardia and sinus arrhythmia were common in the young but uncommon in the elderly. Ventricular and supraventricular premature beats and brief runs of supraventricular tachycardia were common in the elderly but uncommon in the young. Complex ventricular arrhythmias only occurred in the elderly but brief episodes of nocturnal Wenckebach AV block were quite common in young and old alike. No significant difference in arrhythmia frequency was found between elderly subjects with heart disease and those without heart disease or between elderly subjects without symptoms and those with non-episodic symptoms such as dizziness. None of the arrhythmias in the young or elderly subjects was associated with symptoms. In follow-up at 30 months, only one elderly subject was deceased (from pneumonia) and none had suffered a stroke or heart attack. It is concluded that transient cardiac arrhythmias are commoner in the elderly than in the young. However, their long-term significance remains unknown, but it is likely that they are relatively benign.
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PMID:The significance of cardiac arrhythmias in the aged. 684 89

27 of 101 patients with complex ventricular ectopy (ventricular bigeminy, couplets, ventricular salvo and ventricular tachycardia) during 24-hour Holter monitoring died during a mean follow-up of 12 months. Mortality was 28% when ventricular salvos had been detected, and 43% in patients with ventricular tachycardia. Detection of ventricular bigeminy had no, registration of ventricular couplets little prognostic significance. Prognosis was altered by presence of cerebral symptoms (dizziness and/or syncope) only for patients with ventricular tachycardia: additional bradyarrhythmia (asystole longer than 1.5 sec due to sinus-atrial or atrioventricular block) did not effect the prognosis, which was significantly worse for patients with a history of myocardial infarction, although patients in the first year after acute myocardial infarction were not included in this study. Prognosis of complex ventricular ectopy significantly worsens with age, it seems of little prognostic significance for patients under the age of 60.
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PMID:[Prognostic significance of complex ventricular ectopy in 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (author's transl)]. 704 74


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