Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spirogermanium was given as a 90 minute infusion to 47 eligible patients with refractory Hodgkin's (9 patients) or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (38 patients). The schedule was 80 mg/m2 three times a week for the first two weeks and 100 mg/m2, 3 times a week, for the two subsequent weeks. In case of response or stable disease, the treatment was continued with biweekly infusions of 100 mg/m2 until tumor progression. In 64% of cases, three or more combinations had been previously administered; 66% of patients presented an extra-lymphatic spread of disease. Two patients with Hodgkin's disease showed a partial response of 11 and 23 weeks and two patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma achieved a complete response of 12 and 24 weeks. Overall, 14 patients showed a tumor progression within the first month of treatment. The main toxicity was neurological, with dizziness and lethargy during the infusion in 50% of cases. Hematologic toxicity was almost absent. Spirogermanium is ineffective in heavily pretreated patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The confirmed lack of activity in patients with refractory malignant lymphoma and the need of repeated and prolonged infusions definitely discourage the clinical use of the drug.
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PMID:A phase II study of spirogermanium in patients with advanced malignant lymphoma. 279 76

Fifty-seven patients with advanced malignant tumours were treated with ifosfamide (Holoxan) and mesna (Uromitexan) in our department from November 1979 to December 1984. This series comprised eight cases of soft tissue sarcoma, nine cases of ovarian carcinoma, five cases of non-seminomatous testicular tumour, 11 cases of bronchogenic carcinoma, three cases of renal carcinoma, seven cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, two cases of skeletal fibrosarcoma, two cases of breast carcinoma, one case each of Ewing's tumour, prostatic carcinoma, seminoma, plasma cell tumour, multiple myeloma, malignant teratoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Wilms's tumour, neuroblastoma and mycosis fungoides. Out of these 57 cases, 53 were evaluable. There were five complete remissions and 20 partial remissions, corresponding to a total response rate of 47%. The overall median survival time (MST) of the 53 evaluable patients was 7.5 months. The responders had a longer survival time (MST 10 months) than the non-responders (MST 4.75 months) (p greater than 0.05). Analysis of the results according to sex, age, dosage of ifosfamide and degree of histological differentiation of the tumour cells failed to show any influence of these factors on the therapeutic results. The response rate to ifosfamide found in this study might be related to the histological origin of the tumours and to whether the primary tumours had been resected. The non-seminomatous testicular tumours, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and ovarian carcinomas showed a high response rate. The response rate was higher in the group in which the primary tumour had been resected (61%) than in the non-resected group (12%) (except the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). The side-effects of this regimen were moderate. Dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, myelodepression, dizziness, and alopecia were common. Cystitis could be prevented nearly completely by concomitant administration of mesna, when given correctly, for preventing side-effects of ifosfamide on the urinary system (haemorrhagic cystitis, etc.).
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PMID:Treatment of advanced malignancies with ifosfamide under protection with mesna. 313 Mar 16

Anaemia, manifesting as fatigue, dizziness, dyspnoea and anorexia, is common among patients with cancer. A host of factors, such as neoplastic bone marrow infiltration, impaired haematopoiesis, autoimmune haemolysis, impaired endogenous erthropoietin production and treatment with cytotoxic agents contribute to the underlying pathology. Traditionally, blood transfusions have formed the mainstay of therapy for the treatment of cancer-related anaemia. Numerous clinical trials have subsequently confirmed the safety and therapeutic utility of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in anaemic cancer patients, including those with haematological malignancies, such as multiple myeloma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Indeed, well over 50% of unselected patients treated with rHuEPO can be expected to respond with increases in haemoglobin level and/or elimination of transfusion need. In addition, a low baseline serum erythropoietin level can identify those patients with haematological malignancies having a very high likelihood of responding to rHuEPO therapy. These findings, in combination with the possibility of titrating to a lower, maintenance dose, have improved the cost-benefit relationship and thus support the use of rHuEPO as an appropriate alternative to blood transfusions for the management of anaemic patients with lymphoma and myeloma.
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PMID:The role of recombinant human erythropoietin in the management of anaemic cancer patients: focus on haematological malignancies. 1118 81

This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of recombinant human interleukin 11 (rhIL-11) and recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) in mobilization for autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBSCT). 16 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or acute myeloblastic leukemia were given myelosuppressive chemotherapy, then were mobilized by using rhG-CSF 5 microg/(kg.d) for median 5.5 days and rhIL-11 50 microg/(kg.d) for median 4 days (experimental group) or rhG-CSF 5 microg/(kg.d) alone for median 5.5 days (control group). After mobilizing, the peripheral blood leucocyte and platelet counts, total mononuclear cells, CD34+ cells and CFU-GM counts in PBSC collection, and amount of apheresed platelet transfusion were assayed. The results showed that the peripheral blood leucocyte and platelet counts, total mononuclear cell, CD34+ cell and CFU-GM counts in PBSC collection were no significant difference between two groups (p>0.05). After APBSCT, the median time for neutrophil count>or=0.5x10(9)/L and the median time for platelet count>or=20x10(9)/L were 10.5 and 11.5 days in experimental group, while were 13 and 13 days in control group, respectively. The median amount of apheresed platelet transfusion was 3.5 unit in experimental group and 5 unit in control group. Data were significantly different between two groups (p<0.05). The adverse reactions of mobilization were mild fever, fatigue, symptoms like as common cold, poor appetite, dizziness, muscular soreness in experimental group, but only mild fever in control. These symptoms were well tolerated and overcome with drug withdrawal. It is concluded that the regimen of rhIL-11 in combination with rhG-CSF after myelosuppressive chemotherapy to mobilize PBSC is efficient and safe with rapid hematologic reconstitution and less platelet transfusions after APBSCT were used.
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PMID:[Effects of recombinant human interleukin 11 and granulocyte colony stimulating factor in mobilization for autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation]. 1842 62

The presence of IgM paraproteinemia in low-grade lymphomas is usually considered a clinical syndrome known as Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM). In the WHO classification, WM is associated to lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL); it is a clinicopathologic entity characterized by a monoclonal expansion of predominantly small B-lymphocytes with variable plasmacytoid differentiation. LPL constitutes less than 5% of all NHL and it is associated with hepatitis C virus infection in 26% of cases. Cells of LPL/WM are B cells positive for monocytic Ig light chains, IgM, pan-B-cell markers, and negative for CD3 and CD103. The t(9;14)(p13;q32) is present in 50% of LPL, and determines PAX-5 over-expression. 6q21 deletion is observed in 42% of cases. LPL occurs in older adults. Clinical presentation usually consists of disseminated disease, but extranodal involvement and leukemic phase are rare. Most WM patients have symptoms attributable to tumour infiltration and/or monoclonal protein. In fact, a monoclonal serum paraprotein of IgM type and hyperviscosity symptoms may occur in more than 20% of cases (WM). Hyperviscosity syndrome is usually manifested by bleeding, blurring or loss of vision, dizziness, headache, and neurologic symptoms. Malignant infiltration of the CNS (Bing-Neel syndrome) is uncommon. LPL/WM is an indolent malignancy that is not usually curable with conventional treatments. The median survival of patients with LPL or WM is 50-60 months, transformation to large cell lymphoma may occur. Stage definition is irrelevant in WM considering that initiation of therapy is decided on the bases of prognostic factors and the development of disease-related symptoms and signs. The main adverse prognostic factors are older age, B symptoms, anemia, low albumin serum levels, raised SGOT, and high beta 2-microglobulin values. Several therapeutic alternatives for newly diagnosed or relapsed LPL/WM are available; however, the best location for every strategy is a matter of investigation. Several new drugs are being assessed in prospective trials. As a significant progress in this field, response criteria and therapeutic recommendations were updated during the Third International Workshop on WM (7-10 October 2004, Paris, France).
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PMID:Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma-Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. 1849 69

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an extranodal Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that is confined to the brain, eyes, and/or leptomeninges without evidence of a systemic primary tumor. Although the tumor can affect all age groups, it is rare in childhood; thus, its incidence and prognosis in children have not been well defined and the best treatment strategy remains unclear. A nine-year old presented at our department with complaints of diplopia, dizziness, dysarthria, and right side hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance image suggested a diffuse brain stem glioma with infiltration into the right cerebellar peduncle. The patient was surgically treated by craniotomy and frameless stereotactic-guided biopsy, and unexpectedly, the histopathology of the mass was consistent with diffuse large B cell lymphoma, and immunohistochemical staining revealed positivity for CD20 and CD79a. Accordingly, we performed a staging work-up for systemic lymphoma, but no evidence of lymphoma elsewhere in the body was obtained. In addition, she had a negative serologic finding for human immunodeficient virus, which confirmed the histopathological diagnosis of PCNSL. She was treated by radiosurgery at 12 Gy and subsequent adjuvant combination chemotherapy based on high dose methotrexate. Unfortunately, 10 months after the tissue-based diagnosis, she succumbed due to an acute hydrocephalic crisis.
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PMID:A Case of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Located at Brain Stem in a Child. 2786 30

Lymphomatosis cerebri (LC) is a rare variant of a primary central nervous system non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (PCNSL) characterised by diffuse infiltration of tumour cells throughout the brain parenchyma. We present a 68-year-old immunocompetent woman with headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, localised right leg weakness and rapidly progressive dementia. A brain MRI demonstrated diffuse T2 hyperintense white matter lesions that did not enhance with contrast. The clinical differential diagnosis of these lesions included metastatic disease, infectious or inflammatory process such as sarcoidosis, lymphoma, demyelinating disease and less likely vascular aetiology, such as vasculitis or ischaemic stroke. A right frontal stereotactic brain biopsy was non-diagnostic. The patient eventually died from aspiration pneumonia following a pneumonectomy for a primary lung adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis of LC was established on postmortem examination of the brain.
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PMID:Lymphomatosis cerebri: diagnostic challenges and review of the literature. 2788 82