Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An 18-year-old woman was treated with leukocytapheresis (LCAP) for her combined ulcerative colitis (UC) and aortitis syndrome (AS). Because a close relationship between these two diseases has been suspected based on their etiological and/or pathological findings, we had hypothesized that LCAP, which has satisfactory effects on inflammatory bowel disease such as UC and Crohn's disease might be effective for both her UC and her AS. After informed consent, LCAP therapy was performed once a week for a total of 7 times. Endoscopic remission of the UC was observed. Even though there were no significant improvements in her subjective symptoms of AS such as side-neck pain and dizziness, objective evidence of improvement was obtained when the patient's condition was compared before and after LCAP by angiography, angio-magnetic resonance imaging, and the plethysmogram of her fingertips. These results suggest that LCAP may be valuable as a new adjunct therapy for AS.
 ...
PMID:A case report: first case of filtration leukocytapheresis for a patient of aortitis syndrome associated with ulcerative colitis. 1188 84

Anemia is a frequent extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that is commonly overlooked, despite its significant impact on quality of life. Characteristic symptoms include chronic fatigue, headache, and subtle impairment of cognitive function, although some less common symptoms include dyspnea, dizziness, pica, angular stomatitis, shortened attention span, and esophageal webs. Several types of anemia are associated with IBD, but iron deficiency anemia (IDA) accounts for the majority of cases and others include anemia of chronic disease, anemia associated with vitamin deficiency (vitamin B12 and folate), autoimmune anemia, and anemia caused by medication used to treat IBD. The diagnosis of IDA relies on laboratory blood tests. Therefore, these tests should be obtained on a regular basis because characteristic symptoms may be absent or not readily recognized by patients and their clinicians. Complete blood count may suffice; however, iron studies and serum vitamin levels may be necessary to differentiate between specific types of anemia. During the diagnostic process, it is important to consider coexistence of different types of anemia, especially if no response to therapy is noted. The therapy for anemia is directed towards treatment of the underlying inflammatory process and supplemental therapy, depending on the type of deficiency. Iron deficiency anemia is treated with iron preparations, first orally, and if unresponsive or if associated with untoward adverse events leading to decrease in adherence with the therapeutic regimen, with intravenous preparations. Intramuscular therapy has been abandoned due to high rate of complications. Intravenous therapy may be administered as a multiple-dose regimen (intravenous iron sucrose and gluconate) or as a single intravenous dose (iron dextran), which is associated with a higher risk of allergic infusion reactions and requires obligatory test dose administration. Treatment with erythropoietin is reserved for a select subgroup of patients with anemia of chronic disease. With appropriate treatment, the majority of patients with IBD will have significant improvement or resolution of anemia, which can lead to a better quality of life. However, a high index of suspicion should be maintained in order to identify the precise cause of anemia and to prescribe the appropriate therapy.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. 1616 7

Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis) is a parasite of uncertain role in human disease. It may be identified during a workup for gastrointestinal symptoms, usually in stools. The clinical consequences of B. hominis infection are mainly diarrhea and abdominal pain as well as nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, anorexia, vomiting, weight loss, lassitude, dizziness, and flatulence. Case reports and series have suggested a pathogenic role of B. hominis in causing intestinal inflammation. Also some studies have suggested that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are associated with B. hominis infection. The investigators indicate that the stools of all patients presenting with IBD or IBS should be examined, and culture methods for B. hominis carried out. Invasion and mucosal inflammation of the intestine with B. hominis have been observed in studies of gnotobiotic guinea pigs. The transmission, pathogenicity, culture characteristics, taxonomy, life cycle, biochemistry and molecular biology of B. hominis remain unclear. More studies are necessary for this parasite.
 ...
PMID:[Blastocystis hominis and bowel diseases]. 1710 62

Sulfasalazine is a well established disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug commonly used in the treatment of rheumatic disorders and inflammatory bowel disease. Sulfasalazine was generally well tolerated in clinical trials, the most frequently reported adverse effects being adverse gastrointestinal effects, headache, dizziness and rash; myelosuppression can also occur. We are now reporting the first case of autoimmune thrombocytosis following sulfasalazine treatment.
 ...
PMID:Sulfasalazine-induced immune thrombocytopenia. 1755 Oct 63

Ferric carboxymaltose (Ferinject(R)), a novel iron complex that consists of a ferric hydroxide core stabilized by a carbohydrate shell, allows for controlled delivery of iron to target tissues. Administered intravenously, it is effective in the treatment of iron-deficiency anaemia, delivering a replenishment dose of up to 1000 mg of iron during a minimum administration time of </=15 minutes. Results of several randomized trials have shown that intravenously administered ferric carboxymaltose rapidly improves haemoglobin levels and replenishes depleted iron stores in various populations of patients with iron-deficiency anaemia, including those with inflammatory bowel disease, heavy uterine bleeding, postpartum iron-deficiency anaemia or chronic kidney disease. It was well tolerated in clinical trials. Ferric carboxymaltose is, therefore, an effective option in the treatment of iron-deficiency anaemia in patients for whom oral iron preparations are ineffective or cannot be administered. Ferric carboxymaltose is a macromolecular ferric hydroxide carbohydrate complex, which allows for controlled delivery of iron within the cells of the reticuloendothelial system and subsequent delivery to the iron-binding proteins ferritin and transferrin, with minimal risk of release of large amounts of ionic iron in the serum. Intravenous administration of ferric carboxymaltose results in transient elevations in serum iron, serum ferritin and transferrin saturation, and, ultimately, in the correction of haemoglobin levels and replenishment of depleted iron stores. The total iron concentration in the serum increased rapidly in a dose-dependent manner after intravenous administration of ferric carboxymaltose. Ferric carboxymaltose is rapidly cleared from the circulation and is distributed primarily to the bone marrow ( approximately 80%) and also to the liver and spleen. Repeated weekly administration of ferric carboxymaltose does not result in accumulation of transferrin iron in patients with iron-deficiency anaemia. Intravenously administered ferric carboxymaltose was effective in the treatment of iron-deficiency anaemia in several 6- to 12-week, randomized, open-label, controlled, multicentre trials in various patient populations, including those with inflammatory bowel disease, heavy uterine bleeding or postpartum iron-deficiency anaemia, and those with chronic kidney disease not undergoing or undergoing haemodialysis. In most trials, patients received either ferric carboxymaltose equivalent to an iron dose of </=1000 mg (or 15 mg/kg in those weighing <66 kg) administered over </=15 minutes (subsequent doses administered at 1-week intervals) or oral ferrous sulfate at a dose equivalent to 65 mg iron three times daily or 100 mg iron twice daily. In one trial, patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis received 200 mg of iron intravenously either as ferric carboxymaltose or iron sucrose administered into the haemodialysis line two to three times weekly. In all trials, ferric carboxymaltose was administered until each patient had received his or her calculated total iron replacement dose. Haemoglobin-related outcomes improved in patients with iron-deficiency anaemia receiving ferric carboxymaltose. Treatment with ferric carboxymaltose was associated with rapid and sustained increases from baseline in haemoglobin levels. Ferric carboxymaltose was considered to be as least as effective as ferrous sulfate with regard to changes from baseline in haemoglobin levels or the proportion of patients achieving a haematopoietic response at various timepoints. In general, improvements in haemoglobin levels were more rapid with ferric carboxymaltose than with ferrous sulfate. In patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis, ferric carboxymaltose was at least as effective as iron sucrose. Ferric carboxymaltose also replenished depleted iron stores and improved health-related quality-of-life (HR-QOL) in patients with iron-deficiency anaemia. Recipients of ferric carboxymaltose demonstrated improvements from baseline in serum ferritin levels and transferrin saturation, as well as improvements from baseline in HR-QOL assessment scores. Ferric carboxymaltose was at least as effective as ferrous sulfate with regard to endpoints related to serum ferritin levels, transferrin saturation and HR-QOL. Ferric carboxymaltose was well tolerated in clinical trials in patients with iron-deficiency anaemia, with most drug-related adverse events considered to be mild to moderate in severity. Commonly reported drug-related adverse events include headache, dizziness, nausea, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhoea, rash and injection-site reactions. The incidence of drug-related adverse events in patients receiving intravenous ferric carboxymaltose was generally similar to that in patients receiving oral ferrous sulfate. In general, rash and local injection-site reactions were more common with ferric carboxymaltose, whereas gastrointestinal adverse events were more frequent with ferrous sulfate. In patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis, a lower proportion of ferric carboxymaltose than iron sucrose recipients experienced at least one drug-related adverse event.
 ...
PMID:Ferric carboxymaltose: a review of its use in iron-deficiency anaemia. 1940 53

In recent years, there has been an increasing incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents. Neurologic involvement has been mainly reported in adults, and information in pediatrics is based primarily on individual case reports. In this study, we explored the prevalence and spectrum of neurologic manifestations of 50 children with inflammatory bowel disease in comparison to healthy controls. Based on clinical reports and neurologic evaluation, 34 patients (68%) exhibited neurologic manifestations compared with 10 children (23.8%) in the control group (P < .001). The main symptoms associated with inflammatory bowel disease in comparison to the control subjects were headache: 46% vs 3% (P < 0.001), dizziness: 26% vs none (P < .001), hypotonia: 10% vs none (P = .06), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): 28% vs 7.1% (P < .001), tics and sensory complaints: 16% vs 2.4% (P = .036). Seizures and neuropsychiatric disorders were less characteristic. A larger-scale prospective study is required to further clarify this association.
 ...
PMID:The neurologic profile of children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease. 2470 Jun 62

Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic diseases that develop on the genetic background. They are characterized by an idiopathic, chronic course and periods of activation and remission. However, genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role in its pathogenesis. Significant improvements in treatment strategies have been witnessed. Depending on the severity of the disease, mesalamine, immunosuppressants, anti-TNF, anti-integrin, Janus kinase inhibitors, and thiopurines can be used for treatment. However, these treatments have side effects such as headache, dizziness, nausea, loss of appetite, hair loss, gas, vomiting, rash, fever, and decreased white blood cell count. The search for treatment that may be a safer alternative, immunomodulatory, and immunosuppressive therapy has gained importance nowadays. Herbal medicine is preferred to treat a wide range of acute and chronic gastrointestinal diseases, including ulcerative colitis. Preclinical and clinical studies show that plants are promising in terms of their use in treating pathological conditions. The effectiveness of plants in treating ulcerative colitis has been determined. However, more studies are needed to explore the long-term effects of these herbal medicines. The present review presents information on medicinal plants and phytochemicals reported for use or potential of application in ulcerative colitis, a type of inflammatory bowel diseases.
 ...
PMID:A phytopharmacological overview of medicinal plants used for prophylactic and treatment of colitis. 3273 79

Anemia is one of the most common extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It can be asymptomatic or associated with non-specific symptoms such as irritability, headaches, fatigue, dizziness and anorexia. In IBD patients, the etiology of anemia is often multifactorial. Various causes include iron deficiency, anemia of inflammation and chronic disease, vitamin deficiencies, hemolysis, or myelosuppressive effect of drugs. Anemia and iron deficiency in these patients may be underestimated due to their insidious onset, lack of standardized screening practices, and possibly underappreciation that treatment of anemia is also required when treating IBD. Practitioners may hesitate to use oral preparations due to their intolerance, while intravenous preparations are underutilized due to fear of adverse events, availability, and cost. Several publications in recent years have documented the safety and comparative efficacy of various intravenous preparations. This article reviews management of anemia in children with IBD, including diagnosis, etiopathogenesis, evaluation of a patient, protocol to screen and monitor patients for early detection and response to therapy, treatment including parenteral iron therapy, and newer approaches in management of anemia of chronic disease. This report has been compiled by a group of pediatric gastroenterologists serving on the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) IBD committee, in collaboration with a pediatric hematologist, pharmacist, and a registered dietician who specializes in pediatric IBD (IBD Anemia Working Group), after an extensive review of the current literature. The purpose of this review is to raise awareness of under-diagnosis of anemia in children with IBD and make recommendations for screening, testing, and treatment in this population.
 ...
PMID:Anemia in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Position Paper by the IBD Committee of the North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. 3274 May 14

Anemia is one of the most common extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It can be asymptomatic or associated with nonspecific symptoms, such as irritability, headaches, fatigue, dizziness, and anorexia. In IBD patients, the etiology of anemia is often multifactorial. Various causes include iron deficiency, anemia of inflammation and chronic disease, vitamin deficiencies, hemolysis, or myelosuppressive effect of drugs. Anemia and iron deficiency in these patients may be underestimated because of their insidious onset, lack of standardized screening practices, and possibly underappreciation that treatment of anemia is also required when treating IBD. Practitioners may hesitate to use oral preparations because of their intolerance whereas intravenous preparations are underutilized because of fear of adverse events, availability, and cost. Several publications in recent years have documented the safety and comparative efficacy of various intravenous preparations. This article reviews management of anemia in children with IBD, including diagnosis, etiopathogenesis, evaluation of a patient, protocol to screen and monitor patients for early detection and response to therapy, treatment including parenteral iron therapy, and newer approaches in management of anemia of chronic disease. This report has been compiled by a group of pediatric gastroenterologists serving on the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) IBD committee, in collaboration with a pediatric hematologist, pharmacist, and a registered dietician who specializes in pediatric IBD (IBD Anemia Working Group), after an extensive review of the current literature. The purpose of this review is to raise awareness of under-diagnosis of anemia in children with IBD and make recommendations for screening, testing, and treatment in this population.
 ...
PMID:Anemia in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Position Paper by the IBD Committee of the North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. 3294 65

Inflammatory bowel diseases, including Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, are most often diagnosed during adolescence and young adulthood, with a rising incidence in pediatric populations. Infliximab is an effective treatment option for Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis. The most common adverse event with infliximab is an infusion reaction. Patients are often treated prophylactically with combinations of acetaminophen, intravenous steroid, and an antihistamine to prevent an infusion reaction. There is a high degree of practice variation regarding pretreatment for infliximab infusions, the efficacy of pretreatment with an antihistamine is unproven in preventing infusion-related reactions, and there is no national clinical standard. Unnecessary pretreatment in adolescence and young adulthood may be harmful, as this is a time to focus on developing self-care management skills. Antihistamine side effects including somnolence and dizziness may adversely affect adolescents and/or young adults' ability to complete schoolwork, drive, and transition toward autonomous management of their chronic illness. This report presents the findings of an evidence-based practice project reviewing the efficacy of pretreatment with an antihistamine in patients with Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis receiving infliximab. Practice implications are discussed.
 ...
PMID:The Efficacy of Antihistamines in Preventing Reactions to Infliximab in Patients With Crohn Disease/Ulcerative Colitis: A Review of the Evidence. 3300 21


1