Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The prevalence of Takayasu's arteritis (TA) varies greatly among world populations, and little is known about this disease in Eastern Mediterranean Arab populations. We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with TA from 1996 to 2008 at a single large referral center in Jordan. Eight patients (seven females, one male) with angiographically diagnosed TA were seen at the Jordan University Hospital between 1996 and 2008. All patients were of Arabic ethnicity. The age at presentation ranged from 14 to 50 years, and delay in diagnosis ranged from 1 to 10 years. Extra-vascular manifestations included nodular episcleritis, elevated liver enzymes, erythema nodosum, inflammatory-bowel-disease-like illness, Raynaud's phenomena, and constitutional symptoms. Vascular symptoms included postural dizziness, central nervous system deficits, amauroses fugax, and transient ischemic attacks. Aortic arch vessels were involved in all patients, the abdominal aorta was involved in five patients, and the renal arteries in four patients. Major clinical events including severe stroke and cardiac failure were associated with mortality in two patients. Treatment with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents resulted in improvement in five patients with follow-up ranging from 3 to 12 years. In conclusion, TA is seen in Arabs, and the clinical spectrum of TA in Arabs in Jordan is similar to that reported in other countries. Increased awareness of the disease may shorten the time to diagnosis and result in a more reliable estimate of disease prevalence.
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PMID:Clinical and radiological features of Takayasu's arteritis patients in Jordan. 1986 30

Non-syphilitic keratitis, coexisting with vestiboloauditory symptoms namely hearing loss and dizziness was first reported by Morgan and Baumgartner back in 1934. It was then ten years later when D.G. Cogan, an ophthalmologist (1908-1993) described 4 patients having the same symptoms but in addition, attacks of vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss and ocular symptoms. This was published in Archives of Ophthalmology in 1945 and later named Cogan's syndrome (CS). Almost 20years later on, bilateral recurrent episcleritis associated with vestiboloauditory symptoms were defined to be the atypical form of CS occurring in association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). During the coming two decades the division of CS into typical (classical) and atypical variants, based mainly on the clinical presentation of this syndrome was accepted. Typical CS manifests primarily with interstitial keratitis and hearing loss, whereas atypical CS is usually presented with scleritis, chroiditis and more frequently with systemic inflammation. Approximately, 70% of these patients have systemic manifestations, of which vasculitis is considered the pathogenic mechanism and therefore carries a less favorable prognosis than typical CS. Since then, CS was considered by many to be autoimmune or immune mediated in origin, supported mainly by the beneficial response to corticosteroids. It was only later, using well developed assays such as western blotting and immunofluorescence (IF) when antibodies to inner ear antigens, anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) and anti-endothelial antibodies were found and described to be associated with CS.
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PMID:Cogan syndrome--pathogenesis, clinical variants and treatment approaches. 2441 97

We report a case of Cogan's syndrome presenting as fever of unknown origin in a 31-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital with a 7-week history of fever, night sweats and other constitutional symptoms. The diagnosis remained elusive despite numerous investigations, and the patient subsequently developed rash, episcleritis, dizziness and sensorineural hearing loss. While initially thought to be a postinflammatory response to a previous infection, confirmation of the rash as a vasculitis together with the audiovestibular and ocular involvement led to a clinical diagnosis of Cogan's syndrome. This was further corroborated by resolution of her symptoms once immunosuppressive therapy was instituted. Early recognition of Cogan's syndrome is crucial to reducing the risk of serious complications through the timely initiation of treatment.
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PMID:Fever of unknown origin: a challenging case. 2986 75