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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dizziness can be associated with otologic, neurologic, medical, and psychiatric conditions. This paper focuses on the interface between otologic and psychiatric conditions. Because dizziness often is situation specific, concepts of space and motion sensitivity (SMS), space and motion discomfort (SMD), and space and motion phobia (SMP) are needed to understand the interface. We present a framework involving several categories of interactions between balance and psychiatric disorders. The first category is that of dizziness caused by psychiatric disorder (psychiatric dizziness), including hyperventilation-induced dizziness during panic attacks. The second category involves chance cooccurrence of a psychiatric disorder and a balance disorder in the same patient. The third category involves problematic coping with balance symptoms (psychiatric overlay). The fourth category provides psychological explanations for the relationship between anxiety and balance disorders, including somatopsychic and psychosomatic relationships. The final category, neurological linkage, focuses on the overlap in the neurological circuitry involved in balance disorders and anxiety disorders.
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PMID:A clinical taxonomy of dizziness and anxiety in the otoneurological setting. 1138 60

The aims of the study were to: 1) assess the validity of the mood and anxiety modules of the PRIME-MD Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) in otorhinolaryngology outpatients consulting with dizziness; and, 2) the prevalence of anxiety and mood disorders in these patients and in 3 subgroups based on of the cause of dizziness (Functional group, with psychogenic or hyperventilation factor; Organic group with an organic cause; Unspecified group without indication of organic or psychogenic cause). The PRIME-MD PHQ was completed by 268 consecutive outpatients. In 97 patients a psychiatric interview was performed. Operating characteristics indicated good criterion validity for the assessed modules of the PRIME-MD PHQ. Thirty five percent of the patients were diagnosed with "Any Anxiety or Depressive Disorder". In the Functional group, the prevalence of "Any Anxiety or Depressive Disorder" was significantly higher than in the Organic group (P<.0001) and than in the Unspecified group (P<.0001). In the Unspecified group, the prevalence of "Any Anxiety or Depressive Disorder" was significantly lower than in the Organic group (P =.007). Our findings support the criterion validity of the PRIME-MD PHQ for anxiety and depressive disorders in otorhinolaryngology outpatients with dizziness. Psychiatric disorders were highly prevalent and differences in psychiatric status between the different subgroups were demonstrated.
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PMID:Anxiety and mood disorders in otorhinolaryngology outpatients presenting with dizziness: validation of the self-administered PRIME-MD Patient Health Questionnaire and epidemiology. 1297 22

A generally accepted grading system for patients suffering from chronic hydrocephalus has not been established yet. Therefore we designed a new grading system, which focuses on five symptom categories: gait disturbances, mental disorder, incontinence, headache, dizziness. For each category clearly circumscribed degrees of handicaps are defined. For each degree a value between 0-6 points is assigned in concordance to the severity of handicap. To get a generally accepted validation of the obstruction, the assigned values were oriented on the values provided in Germany to evaluate the degree of obstruction for insurances.[nl]In contrast to the established gradings of Stein and Langfitt and the Black Rating Scale our grading allows a more exact acquisition of the clinical presentation of a patient. Our experiences with the grading seemingly indicate also, that it is reliable. Because the grading allows an incorporation of measurable data such as psychometric analysis or gait analysis, our grading is useful as well for everydays' practice as for scientific purpose.
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PMID:[A grading system for chronic hydrocephalus]. 1297 45

Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a syndrome in which multiple symptoms occur with low-level chemical exposure; whether it is an organic disease initiated by environmental exposure or a psychological disorder is still controversial. We report a 38-year-old male worker with chronic toluene exposure who developed symptoms such as palpitation, insomnia, dizziness with headache, memory impairment, euphoria while working, and depression during the weekend. Upon cessation of exposure, follow-up neurobehavioural tests, including the cognitive ability screening instrument and the mini-mental state examination, gradually improved and eventually became normal. Although no further toluene exposure was noted, non-specific symptoms reappeared whenever the subject smelled automotive exhaust fumes or paint, or visited a petrol station, followed by anxiety with sleep disturbance. During hospitalization for a toluene provocation test, there was no difference between pre-challenge and post-challenge PaCO(2), PaO(2), SaO(2) or pulmonary function tests, except some elevation of pulse rate. The clinical manifestations suggested that MCS was more relevant to psychophysiological than pathophysiological factors.
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PMID:Central neurological abnormalities and multiple chemical sensitivity caused by chronic toluene exposure. 1458 47

Neurologic symptoms such as headache, vertigo, dizziness, and fainting can create a diagnostic problem in pediatric neurology practice because they are also the most common presenting symptoms of psychiatric disorders. Children, especially adolescents, who are often admitted with such autonomic symptoms, are frequently misdiagnosed. In this study, we aimed to investigate the psychiatric morbidity and comorbidity rate in children and adolescents presenting with neurologic symptoms such as headache, vertigo, and syncope. We investigated 31 children who presented with these symptoms. All children were evaluated for their medical history and had a physical and neurologic examination. We attempted to rule out a possible organic etiology. All patients received a complete laboratory examination (blood count, electroencephalography), pediatric cardiology and otorhinolaryngology consultations, and a caloric test. All patients were assessed according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) criteria. The majority of the patients (93.5%) received a psychiatric diagnosis according to the DSM-IV criteria. Most of these patients were adolescents and female. Psychosocial stressors such as academic problems, familial dysfunction, parental psychopathology, and child sexual abuse were associated with somatic symptoms. The results of this study demonstrated the importance of differential diagnosis and psychiatric comorbidity in a pediatric neurologic outpatient population. Treatment should be directed at biopsychosocial integrity, and a multidisciplinary treatment approach should be applied.
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PMID:Assessment of child neurology outpatients with headache, dizziness, and fainting. 1522 6

The literature related to somatoform disorders in the workplace is very limited, and these disorders need more attention from mental health professionals in the workplace as well as from employers. Over the last decade, major changes have taken place in the work environment in Japan. More stress and less support from supervisors or colleagues in the workplace have made employees stressed out. The number of employees with mental disorders, including somatoform disorders, taking sick leave has significantly increased. In our multi-centre collaborative study, somatoform disorders were the third most prevalent psychiatric disorder in employees, after mood and schizophrenic disorders. Employees with neurotic disorders manifested physical symptoms more frequently than those without. Young employees frequently reported somatic symptoms such as general malaise, nausea, constipation, diarrhoea, headache, stiff shoulder, and dizziness. A rational new approach is needed to tackle this important psychopathology increasingly seen among employees.
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PMID:Somatoform disorders in the workplace in Japan. 1645 78

This study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of quetiapine monotherapy for depressive episodes in patients with bipolar I or II disorder (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition) who were randomized to 8 weeks of double-blind treatment with quetiapine (300 or 600 mg/d; once daily, evening dosing) or placebo. Patients were assessed weekly using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). The primary end point was change in MADRS total score from baseline to Week 8 (analysis of covariance/last-observation-carried-forward analysis). Of 509 patients randomized, 59% completed the study. Improvements from baseline in mean MADRS total scores were significantly greater with quetiapine 300 and 600 mg/d than with placebo from first evaluation (Week 1) through Week 8 (both P <or= 0.001 vs. placebo). Therapeutic effect sizes at Week 8 were 0.61 and 0.54 for quetiapine 300 and 600 mg/d, respectively. Improvements in mean HAM-D scores were also significantly greater with both quetiapine doses than with placebo (P < 0.001) as early as Week 1 and throughout the study. The MADRS response and remission rates were also significantly greater in both quetiapine dose groups compared with placebo. Improvements in primary and secondary outcomes were observed with both 300 and 600 mg/d quetiapine without major differences between the doses. Common adverse events included dry mouth, sedation, somnolence, dizziness, and constipation. The incidence of treatment-emergent mania or hypomania was lower with quetiapine treatment than placebo. This study demonstrates that quetiapine monotherapy is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for depressive episodes in bipolar disorder, confirming the results observed from a previous study (BipOLar DEpRession [BOLDER] I).
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PMID:Efficacy of quetiapine monotherapy in bipolar I and II depression: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study (the BOLDER II study). 1848 Jul 8

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between acute vestibular dysfunction as measured by the Dizziness Handicap Inventory and the Dynamic Visual Acuity Test and the ability to remain on active duty status in the U.S. military 1 year after mild traumatic brain injury. This longitudinal prospective study was conducted by the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Clinic at Marine Corp Base, Camp Pendleton, California. Participants (n = 47, controls = 44) were referrals to the clinic who had sustained a mild traumatic brain injury and were initially seen within 6 days of injury, then weekly for 1 month, and for follow-up 12 months later. The results demonstrated that those on active duty at 12 months were older in age, had more years of service, and had no history of psychiatric illness or apparent secondary gain issues. Acute vestibular dysfunction and demographic and injury variables were not significantly correlated or predictive of work status at 12 months.
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PMID:To investigate the influence of acute vestibular impairment following mild traumatic brain injury on subsequent ability to remain on activity duty 12 months later. 1780 77

Dizziness is one of the most frequent complaints in both primary and specialized medical care facilities. Many dizzy patients, without a known organic cause, considered as having idiopathic dizziness, may have a psychiatric disorder. Besides, even organic dizziness may cause or exacerbate latent psychiatric alterations. One of the most common disorders associated with dizziness is Panic Disorder with or without Agoraphobia. The aim of this paper is to report a patients case and make a literature review on the subject.
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PMID:Dizziness associated with panic disorder and agoraphobia: case report and literature review. 1792 30

The aims of the study were to test the hypotheses that some symptoms of starvation/severe dietary restraint are interpreted by patients with eating disorders in terms of control. Sixty-nine women satisfying the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV edition (DSM-IV) criteria for a clinical eating disorder and 107 controls participated in the study. All the participants completed an ambiguous scenarios paradigm, the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Significantly more eating disorder patients than non clinical participants interpreted the starvation/dietary restraint symptoms of hunger, heightened satiety, and dizziness in terms of control. The data give further support to the recent cognitive-behavioural theory of eating disorders suggesting that eating disorder patients interpret some starvation/dietary restraint symptoms in terms of control.
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PMID:The interpretation of symptoms of starvation/severe dietary restraint in eating disorder patients. 1798 34


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