Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Flunarizine hydrochloride (FZ), a calcium entry blockade, has been used nationwide in Japan as a cerebral active vasodilator since October, 1984. The present paper reports 31 cases of FZ-induced Parkinsonism, depression and akathisia, referred to our hospital between October 1986 and September 1988. Out of the 31 patients, four including two with Parkinson's disease and one each with progressive supranuclear palsy and olivopontocerebellar atrophy showed worsening of their parkinsonian symptoms within a few months after FZ administration. The remaining 27 patients (7 males and 20 females) newly developed Parkinsonism after treatment with FZ. Symptoms appeared one week to two years (mean: 6.1 months) after starting FZ of a daily dose of 10 mg. FZ had been used in 6 patients for cerebrovascular episodes confirmed by clinical history or brain CT, and in the remainder, for dizziness, light-headedness, hypertension, amnesia or hypochondric neurotic complaints. Akinesia and bradykinesia progressed rather rapidly after onset, and patients became unambulatory within several months. Symptoms had worsened, and L-dopa, anticholinergic drugs, and bromocriptine had been ineffective until FZ was discontinued. Their Parkinsonism was characterized by marked akinesia, bradykinesia, and moderate rigidity. Masked face was seen in most of them. Tremor was absent at rest, and induced in 12 patients by posture and/or action. Sixteen patients were accompanied by depression, and five, by akathisia. Improvement began several weeks after withdrawal of FZ, and most patients recovered almost completely within a few months although mild rigidity and bradykinesia remained in some.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Parkinsonism, depression and akathisia induced by flunarizine, a calcium entry blockade--report of 31 cases]. 258 81

A double-blind randomised study was designed to assess the value of oral midazolam in patients undergoing minor oral surgery. 30 young healthy Hong Kong Chinese with bilateral symmetrical impaction of lower third molars to be surgically removed in 2 visits, were included in the study. Randomly selected, a powdered midazolam tablet or placebo was given on the 1st visit and the alternative on the 2nd visit. 45 min were given for the drug to act. Surgical removal of the teeth was carried out by a single operator, randomly, one side being done at one visit. The majority who had midazolam were relaxed during the operation. Nearly 75% had partial to complete amnesia. Midazolam sedation lasted about 45 min, produced good operating conditions and stable vital signs with adequate verbal response. The main adverse effects were drowsiness and dizziness on the same day. The majority had never heard of oral sedation being available to supplement local anaesthesia. The majority preferred midazolam to placebo and preferred to have local anaesthesia supplemented with oral sedation for minor oral surgery in the future.
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PMID:Oral midazolam sedation in third molar surgery. 311 63

Neuropsychological impairment and pathologically delayed Acoustic Brain stem Responses (ABR) have been found in patients examined after minor head injury. The relation of these alterations with the emergence of post-concussional symptoms is unknown. In this study 27 patients were examined with ABR within 48 hours of a clearly defined head injury and with a complete neuropsychological test battery one month after the trauma. They were checked for postconcussional symptoms such as headache, depression or dizziness one year later. ABR recordings were pathological in four patients. Neuropsychological testing showed no difference between patients and age-matched controls. No correlation was found between postconcussional symptoms and ABR and neuropsychological examination results, posttraumatic amnesia, and neurotic symptoms present before the trauma. Subclinical brain stem involvement as shown by ABR does not seem to correlate with symptoms of the postconcussional syndrome. This greatly limits the use of ABR in forensic medicine.
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PMID:[Value of neuropsychologic tests and acoustic evoked brain stem potentials in the prognosis of subjective complaints in patients with brain concussion]. 361 86

In an unselected series of 488 patients with head injuries referred to a general surgical department, there were 126 children aged 0-19 years whose head injuries were a result of traffic accidents. In age group 0-4 years, only 23% of the head injuries were due to traffic accidents. In age groups 5-9, 10-14, and 15-19 years, however, traffic accidents were the main cause of the injuries, being responsible for 47%, 65% and 82% of the cases respectively. Both age groups 5-9 and 10-14 years had an unusually high proportion of bicycle injuries, while motorcycle and automobile accidents were the leading causes of injury in age group 15-19 years. Eight children (6%) died as a result of head trauma. Furthermore, among the survivors there were 8 children with severe head injuries (post-traumatic amnesia lasting 24 h), the rest being minor head injuries. All the survivors but one returned to school and achieved reasonable performances. Repeated follow-up studies at 3 months, 1 and 5 years, including interviews with the parents, disclosed that several of the children had headache, dizziness and other complaints. These subjective complaints subsided with time, but with different patterns, in the younger and older age groups. It is concluded that the "postconcussional syndrome" is not uncommon in children, but it may be better tolerated and resolves more completely with time than in adults. Eight children (7%) had one seizure or more during the 5-year follow-up period.
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PMID:Pediatric head injuries caused by traffic accidents. A prospective study with 5-year follow-up. 392 Dec 51

In a lot of 3 patients with olfactory meningioma, one patient drew particular attention by the particularities of its evolution, which was asymptomatic for a long time and atypical. The disease started at the age of 38 with asthenia, headaches, dizziness and X-ray images of left parasellar calcified brain tumour, without neurological signs of a focus at any of the repeated clinical or paraclinical examinations. After eight years focal signs appears: left pyramidal irritation, absences, left hyposmia, without altered visual acuity or conclusive scintigraphic and EEG alterations. Left carotid arteriography indicated a space-occupying process. The disease progressed slowly with left hemiparesis and corresponding effects. A diagnosis of "left olfactory meningioma" was established in the Neurosurgical Clinic, Bucharest. The situation deteriorated in 1977: total left anosmia, Jacksonian seizures, sometimes generalized, uncinate fits, paroxysmal headaches, amnesia disturbances and marked right hemiparesis. Recent scintigraphic and EEG alterations likewise lent support to a diagnosis of brain tumour. The existence of calcified, asymptomatic, trailing brain tumours, with an atypical and late evolution of unilateral olfactory meningioma, without Foster-Kennedy syndrome, demands from the beginning close surveillance and complex investigations, since a prolonged absence of anosmia and focal phenomena does not exclude the possibility of a meningioma of the olfactory groove, and may often lead to errors of diagnosis.
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PMID:[Data concerning a case of long-term, asymptomatic, calcified cerebral tumor with late evolution of olfactory meningioma]. 644 61

ON the basis of analyzing the clinical picture of the disease in 280 patients suffering from atherosclerosis with transitory disturbances of the circulation in the vertebrobasilar system the author comes to a conclusion that in patients with truncal strokes the clinical picture usually includes symptoms of preceding transitory ischemic episodes. In patients with an ischemic lesion in the basin of the posterior cerebral arteries, the lesion localization and the preceding transitory cerebral circulation disturbances are usually not in agreement: the episodes are characterized by a considerable polymorphism and not infrequently point to a circulatory insufficiency in the arteries of the truncal or the carotid systems. the character, frequency, duration, and number of episodes are of no decisive diagnostic importance as regards the possibility of an ischemic stroke development. One can only speak of a more favourable course of the disease in patients with attacks of systemic dizziness, and of a less favourable course in patients with attacks of unconsciousness and transitory global amnesia.
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PMID:[Prognostic value of different clinical symptoms in transient circulatory disorders in the vertebro-basilar system]. 732 78

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is the most powerful predictor of stroke. Estimates of its prevalence in various regions of the world differ depending upon the instruments and exclusion criteria used and the population surveyed. For example, if the questioner uses technical language, or if he or she excludes events lasting but a few seconds and symptoms such as dizziness (without accompanying phenomena), numbness and tingling, and transitory amnesia (euphemistically called forgetfulness), an entirely different prevalence results than if these events and symptoms are included. In a survey of people aged 45 to 64, cross-sectional data were ascertained by means of a standardized TIA/stroke questionnaire and an algorithm. For women the prevalence of TIA-like events was 5% and fr men, 3%, increasing with age for both sexes. These events were more prevalent in African-Americans than Caucasians. The most frequent symptoms were change in speech, followed by dizziness and loss of balance.
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PMID:Transient ischemic attack: awareness and prevalence in the community. 791 66

In 1986 a Royal College of Surgeons Working Party published guidelines, based on over 15 years of clinical research both here and in the U.S.A., on when to perform skull X-rays on a head injury patient. In this retrospective study the recorded details of 405 patients who presented to an accident and emergency (A&E) department over a 3-month period in 1991 are analysed, and the Report criteria applied to each one to assess whether the guidelines are being followed in performing a skull X-ray. According to these guidelines, 191 of these patients (47.2%) should have been X-rayed, however, only 83 were. Only one patient was thought to have been X-rayed inappropriately. The Report criteria most commonly thought by the A&E doctors not to warrant skull X-ray, were loss of consciousness, amnesia, dizziness, blurred vision, headache, and alcohol intoxication. The reasons why these criteria are being ignored are examined, and together with reference to recent studies, slight alterations to the Working Party guidelines are suggested to make them more applicable to everyday situations of head injury encountered in a casualty department.
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PMID:Skull X-ray after head injury: the recommendations of the Royal College of Surgeons Working Party report in practice. 821 84

This chapter reports the clinical and neuropathological findings of eight cases of "diffuse Lewy body disease" verified by autopsy. The age at onset was between 60 and 82 years; the age at death was between 75 and 92 years. The initial symptoms were amnesia in three cases, orthostatic dizziness in three, visual hallucination in two, but parkinsonism in none. The cardinal clinical symptoms included dementia in all cases, hallucinatory-delusional state in six, akinesia and rigidity in five, and orthostatic hypotension in five. Antemortem diagnoses were senile dementia in five, and hallucinatory-delusional state, Parkinson's disease and Shy-Drager syndrome in one each. Despite the clinical symptoms differences from each other, neuropathological findings were alike. Abundant Lewy bodies were present in the neurons of the cerebral cortex as well as in the brainstem nuclei and diencephalon. Concomitant senile changes including senile plaques and Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) were also present in varying degree. Immunocytochemical study with anti-ubiquitin for Lewy body, anti-tau protein for NFT, and beta-protein of amyloid for senile plaque suggested that dementia of DLBD might have resulted not from a single pathology but from the complex of Lewy bodies, NFTs and senile plaques.
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PMID:Clinical and neuropathological aspects of diffuse Lewy body disease in the elderly. 842 Jan 71

Charts from 1,074 consecutive emergency department patients who underwent cranial computed tomography (CT) were reviewed for predictors of a CT abnormality. Twenty-six clinical variables and the results of neurologic examination were compared with cranial CT findings. Patients with focal neurologic deficit, unresponsiveness, and hypertension had an increased risk of a CT abnormality. Blurred vision, trauma, loss of consciousness, headache, and dizziness were each associated with a lower risk of a CT abnormality. Multivariate analysis showed that only focal neurologic deficit and unresponsiveness effectively helped predict a CT abnormality. In patients with negative neurologic findings, only intoxication and amnesia were associated with greater than 10% positive scans and an increased risk for a CT abnormality. The data indicate that positive neurologic findings coupled with intoxication and amnesia would have helped detect 90.7% of the positive scans and provide an effective initial approximation strategy for selecting patients to undergo CT. Although 15 patients with positive scans (1.4%) would have been missed, this strategy would have yielded a negative predictive value of 97.3% and eliminated 53.9% of the CT scans obtained.
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PMID:Unenhanced emergency cranial CT: optimizing patient selection with univariate and multivariate analyses. 843 Jan 85


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