Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012833 (dizziness)
 9,689 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study was designed to see whether covering of the eyes during and after ketamine anaesthesia would reduce the incidence of dreams. One hundred and fifty patients, randomly divided into three groups, underwent therapeutic abortion with ketamine as the sole anaesthesia. One hundred patients had their eyes completely covered, 50 in the operating room only and 50 in the operating room and in the recovery room. The third 50 were controls, with their eyes uncovered. All patients were questioned post-operatively about dreams, nausea and vomiting, headache, dizziness and experiences, and also how frequently they dreamed at home. Although covering the eyes in the recovery room only reduced the incidence of dreams marginally, it became obvious that the patients who dreamed after ketamine (in all 3 groups) were those who normally dreamed at home. There were 82 patients who were recorded as not being home-dreamers, and only two of these dreamed after ketamine. In contrast, of the 68 home-dreamers, 50 dreamed after ketamine, and 17 of these had unpleasant dreams. In the home-dreamers, covering the eyes reduced the incidence of dreams from 86 per cent in Group 1 to 72 per cent in Group 2 and 64 per cent in Group 3. It is suggested that goggles may be advantageous when dealing with home-dreamers, and a question about the patient's tendency to dream should be included in the preoperative questioning. Alterations in premedication and the use of a quiet dark room during recovery may even further reduce unpleasant dreams in this group.
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PMID:A consideration of ketamine dreams. 110 98

Three hundred and fifty-nine US Marines participated in a randomized double-blind clinical trial to assess tolerance of two prophylactic mefloquine regimens [250 mg salt weekly (n = 157) or 250 mg daily for 3 days followed by 250 mg weekly (n = 46)] compared with 300 mg weekly chloroquine (n = 156) over a 12-week period. The study participants were seen daily for four days, then weekly for 11 weeks. On each visit, the subject answered two computerized questionnaires (a review of body systems and an evaluation of mood states), participated in a physician interview, and was administered medications under supervision. A random sample of each group was assigned to either pharmacokinetic sampling or two wear a wrist watch size computerized sleep monitor (actigraph). The frequencies of intercurrent illness and other concomitant medications were tabulated. End study mefloquine plasma levels were obtained on all study participants. The results obtained showed no compromise in function due to dizziness or incoordination in the mefloquine groups. Overall, both weekly mefloquine and loading dose mefloquine were well tolerated. Sleep disturbance and increased dream activity were detected in the mefloquine groups. Depressive feelings were noted in two to three times more individuals in the mefloquine groups than in the chloroquine group early in the course of the study, and resolved in the majority of subjects as tolerance developed. Steady state mefloquine plasma levels were attained rapidly with the loading dose regimen in four days versus seven weeks with weekly mefloquine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Tolerability of prophylactic Lariam regimens. 825 7

We like to think that our homes are a safe haven. However, in recent years we have been discovering that certain products, designs, and even the siting of our homes can create health risks. When families moved into a new development in Waynesville, NC, called "Barber Orchard," they were ecstatic about their new surroundings--the fresh air, mountain views, and clean water. When one of the new residents had his well water tested, their dream homes took on a different character. The water was reflective of the years of pesticide use on the former orchard on which their homes were sited; it contained DDT, DDE, and benzene hydrochlorides (Manual, 2000). The soil was contaminated with lead and arsenic, also the result of pesticide applications. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sent in an emergency response team, removed toposil, and advised residents to install carbon filters on their water systems. Sometimes, we unintentionally bring pollution into our homes. In the homes of middle-income families with small children, vacuum dust was found to have pesticide concentrations 10-100 times greater than those found in the surface soils surrounding their houses (Lewis et al, 1994). In the agricultural area of Washington State, 47 of 48 farm homes had chlorpyrifos (an organophosphate pesticide) measured in the house dust. The human health risks associated with chlorpyrifos are substantial (including headaches, dizziness, muscle twitching, vomiting, and blurred vision); hence, in 2000, the EPA eliminated the widely used pesticide for nearly all-household purposes. The purpose of this independent study module (ISM) is to introduce the reader to basic concepts and issues associated with environmental health risks to children in homes and communities. In this ISM, some of the key hazardous exposures occurring in the home will be discussed. Indoor air quality, drinking water, lead, mercury, pesticides, radon, and UV radiation have been selected as topics of focus. A resource section provides a brief listing of resources; many of them are Web sites, which, in turn will link the reader to additional resources. The EPA's Web site is particularly helpful. The University of Maryland School of Nursing has a new Web site, http://enviRN.umaryland.edu, with links to all of the Web sites noted in this ISM.
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PMID:Environmentally healthy homes and communities. Children's special vulnerabilities. 1178 92

Stavudine administered once daily is a nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor. The efficacy (reduction in viral load and increase in CD4+ lymphocyte counts from baseline) of stavudine once daily-containing triple therapy was similar to that of stavudine immediate release (IR)-containing triple therapy in the treatment of antiretroviral-naive patients with HIV infection in two 48-week, randomised, double-blind trials. In the largest trial (n = 783), 80% of patients receiving stavudine 75 or 100mg once daily in combination with lamivudine 150mg twice daily and efavirenz 600mg once daily, and 75% of patients receiving stavudine IR 30 or 40mg twice daily-containing combination therapy, had HIV RNA levels reduced to below the limit of quantification at 48 weeks (<400 copies/ml; intent-to-treat analysis). These findings are supported by those from the smaller trial in 150 patients. Stavudine once daily triple therapy was well tolerated, with the incidence of adverse events being similar to that with stavudine IR. Grades 2-4 treatment related adverse events occurring in > or =3% of patients in either group were dizziness, rash, abnormal dream, headache, insomnia, fatigue and peripheral neurological symptoms. Peripheral neurological symptoms occurred in 3% of patients receiving long-term treatment with stavudine once daily and 6% of patients receiving stavudine IR in a combined analysis.
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PMID:Stavudine once daily. 1246 9

A questionnaire-based study was conducted on 189 Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) on their knowledge and practices in prenatal services. Only 86 (45.5%) of them associated cessation of menstrual period with pregnancy while others use mystic power 46 (24.3%), early morning sickness, pallor of conjunctiva and reaction to herbs 56 (29.6%) to detect pregnancy. Fundal height n=76 (40.2%), palpation n=82 (43.4%), special soaps and soups n=52 (27.5%) and special devices n=8 (4.2%) are used to determine stages of pregnancy. Foetal health status is determined by regular foetal movements n=95 (50.3%), mystic power n=15 (8%), soap n=2 (1.1%), special concoction 9 (4.8%), health status of mother n=67 (35.4%) and foetal heart beat n=24 (12.7%). Ninety seven (51.3%) of them used herbal treatment, 77 (40.7%) used incantations, 189 (100%) used special soaps as their main methods of delivery, while only 18 (9.5%) of respondents refer difficult cases to hospitals. Instruments used for separating cord were blade 123 (65.1%) and scissors 40 (21.1%). Symptoms recognized by the TBAs as signs of complications in pregnancy were dizziness, swollen feet, pallor, tiredness, absent foetal movement, loss of appetite, heaviness, pain in back/stomach/side, weight loss, vomiting, bleeding, fever/malaria, head ache, bad dream, premature or delayed labour. Although some of them recognized some danger signs in pregnancy and labour, only very few would refer difficult cases for emergency obstetric interventions. Clear protocols for management and referral, which are necessary for improved maternal survival, should be provided through regular training of the TBAs.
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PMID:Knowledge and practices of traditional birth attendants in prenatal services in Lagos State, Nigeria. 1597 55