Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The concentration of plasma fibronectin was determined by Laurell's electroimmunoassay in 75 preterm or term newborns within the first 2 days of life, in 97 healthy infants aged from 3 days to 12 months, in 40 septic infants and in 38 healthy adult subjects. The mean fibronectin concentration in citrated plasma of normal adults was 318 +/- 84 ml/l. Healthy eutrophic term newborns 1-2 days old had approximately one-third of the fibronectin concentration of adults. There was no significant difference in the values between healthy term and eutrophic preterm newborns or between eutrophic and hypotrophic newborns. The plasma fibronectin increased strongly over the 1st month of life. No significant difference was observed between fibronectin levels in infant boys and girls. The values in septic newborns and septic older infants were significantly lower when compared with those of age-matched healthy controls. It is speculated that this deficiency, because of linkage to fibrin in disseminated intravascular coagulation or due to increased utilisation as a nonspecific opsonin and sequestration at sites of tissue injury, may contribute to organ failure in septicaemia.
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PMID:Plasma fibronectin concentrations in healthy and septic infants. 389 29

Plasma fibronectin (Fn), a glucoprotein of suggested importance in host defence during infections also seems to be involved in blood coagulation and to be consumed during clot formation. Low Fn concentrations have been found in patients with DIC, but also in patients with infections without signs of overt DIC. In a randomized trial of Fn supplementation 28 patients with moderately severe infections, hospitalized in the Department for Infectious Diseases, were scheduled to receive either cryoprecipitate from 30 donors (n = 14) or 250-300 ml of stored plasma (n = 14). To elucidate the relationship between Fn plasma levels, Fn-rich cryoprecipitate infusion, and possible low-grade DIC in these patients, we measured platelet count, prothrombin complex (NT), fibrinogen, F V, F VIIIR:Ag, F VIII:C, F XII, plasminogen (Plg), antiplasmin (AP), antithrombin III (AT), kallikrein-inhibiting activity (KI) and spontaneous proteolytic activity (SPA). Compared to healthy controls, high initial values (p less than .001) were found for fibrinogen, F VIIIR:Ag, F VIII:C and SPA. Most values for platelets, F V, Plg, AP and KI were within the reference range. Low levels (p less than .001) were found for Fn, NT, F XII, AT and for the ratio F VIII:C/F CIIIR:Ag. A significant correlation was found between F XII, Plg and AT. Fn correlated poorly to the other variables. Cryoprecipitate infusion normalized the Fn concentration, but had no influence on other measured variables. Thus, although no patient had clinically overt DIC, and all survived, we observed a distinct pattern indicating activation of the coagulation system. Fn levels were low, but were not specifically related to this activation.
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PMID:Fibronectin and other DIC-related variables in patients with moderately severe infections receiving cryoprecipitate. 393 19

In a controlled study of fibronectin supplementation in sepsis, 11 ICU patients in septic shock were scheduled to receive either cryoprecipitate from 20-40 donors (n = 6) or 250-300 ml of stored plasma (n = 5) (two infusions over 24 h). We wanted to: compare some "conventional" DIC variables in the ICU (platelet count, prothrombin complex = NT, FDP) to additional variables: Fibronectin (Fn), fibrinogen (Fg), F V, FVIII R:Ag, F VIII:C activity, F XII, plasminogen (Plg), antiplasmin (AP), antithrombin (AT), kallikrein inhibiting activity (KI) and spontaneous proteolytic activity (SPA): study the effects of cryoprecipitate or plasma infusion on three variables. Samples were taken before the first infusion, and 24 and 48 h after. At onset, high levels (p less than .001 when compared to blood donors) of Fg, VIIIR:Ag and VIII:C were seen. KI levels were within the normal range. F V was low (p less than .05). Fn, NT, XII, Plg, AP and AT were markedly low (p less than .001). SPA showed great variation. When compared to 28 patients with severe infections, but not in septic shock, the ICU group had higher VIIIR:Ag (p less than .05) and VIII:C (p less than .01), and lower XII, Plg, AP and AT (p less than .001). FDP was elevated in all ICU patients. Five patients were thrombocytopenic, and in these a pattern with low levels of Plg and AT was observed. Fn did not correlate well to the other variables measured. These results indicate a marked activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis in these severely ill patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Fibronectin and other DIC-related variables in septic ICU patients receiving cryoprecipitate. 393 20

The plasma concentrations of fibronectin were zero for 8 days in a 53-year-old male who was submersed for 5 min, but conscious at the time of admission to hospital. The patient developed multiple organ failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation and finally died after 15 days. The low fibronectin values indicate prolonged severe reticulo-endothelial failure, and may be a prognostic sign in cases of drowning or asphyxia of other etiologies.
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PMID:Low plasma fibronectin after drowning. 398 98

Plasma fibronectin concentrations were significantly (P less than 0.001) below the reference range in dogs with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) secondary to nonlymphomatous neoplasia, acute necrotizing pancreatitis, sepsis, chronic active hepatitis, and heat stroke. There was no statistical evidence of a group effect. Decrease in fibronectin concentration was associated with severe DIC, although no attempt was made to correlate fibronectin concentration with prognosis. These findings parallel those reported for severely ill human beings with diseases associated with DIC. They exemplify the potential of spontaneous diseases in animals as models for the study of human disease.
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PMID:Plasma fibronectin concentrations in dogs with disseminated intravascular coagulation. 400 93

The rhesus monkey, an established model of Lassa fever, was used to study hematologic and hemostatic aspects of Lassa fever and whether Mopeia (also known as Mozambique) virus induces any cellular damage in this model. Six days after subcutaneous injection of 10(3.48) plaque forming units (PFU) of Lassa virus (Josiah strain) one group of monkeys received an intravenous injection of 111In-labeled allogeneic platelets and another group received 125I-labeled alogeneic fibrinogen. Lassa virus-infected monkeys developed a severe clinical illness with high viremia and typical pathology. Lassa antigen was found in most tissues using a Lassa nucleocapsid-specific monoclonal antibody. Platelet counts remained within normal limits. Platelet and fibrinogen kinetics were similar in infected and control animals. Hematologic and hemostatic changes indicate that disseminated intravascular coagulation plays no role in this model of Lassa fever. Levels of plasma fibronectin were reduced in Lassa-infected monkeys. Mopeia virus-infected monkeys were normothemic, aviremic, and there was no detection of Mopeia antigen in any tissues using polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies. Mopeia virus was recovered from the spleen of one monkey. Mopeia virus was associated with hepatocellular and renal tubular damage.
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PMID:Kinetic study of platelets and fibrinogen in Lassa virus-infected monkeys and early pathologic events in Mopeia virus-infected monkeys. 403 87

Plasma fibronectin (FNp) concentrations were measured in 63 patients with acute respiratory failure and 28 patients with circulatory failure, using Laurell's electroimmunoassay method. Measurements were made in the acute phase and repeated in the course of the disease. The mean FNp concentration in 20 controls was 262 +/- 59 mg/l. FNp values were normal in the acute phase of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in cardiogenic pulmonary oedema. In contrast, they were significantly decreased in adult respiratory distress syndrome and in acute pneumonia, as well as in acute circulatory failure, notably from septic shock. FNp values were also considerably reduced in patients with severe disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. Clinical improvement was accompanied by a return to normal of FNp concentrations. The mortality rate was greater in patients with low FNp values than in those with normal values.
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PMID:[Acute respiratory and circulatory failure. Prognostic value of plasma fibronectin levels]. 622 Mar 70

Fibronectin and fibrinogen are unique proteins, since they both are present in a soluble form in plasma and in an insoluble form in connective tissue. The insoluble fibronectin is always present in connective tissue, while the presence of fibrin is temporary. The two proteins may be associated under various conditions. Fibronectin is incorporated into polymerizing fibrin, e.g. in the tissue repair process and during thrombus formation. Fibronectin is also associated with other biological structures, such as collagen of all types, sulphated proteoglycans, blood platelets and the cell walls of Staphylococcus aureus. These properties result in a depletion of plasma fibronectin in certain clinical situations, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), traumatic shock and severe burns. The decreased plasma fibronectin concentration might result in an increased fibrin polymer concentration in the circulation, thus accentuating the microvascular thromboses and the coagulation factor consumption in DIC. The practical clinical implication is that a low plasma concentration of fibronectin might define a group of patients with a high risk of developing DIC.
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PMID:Significance of plasma fibronectin. 637 13

A fast migrating protein (FMP) was detected by agarose radio-crossed immunoelectrophoresis, in addition to factor VIII antigen (VIII:RAg), using antiserum to human factor VIII (FVIII). FMP had partial immunochemical identity with FVIII, migrated as an alpha-protein, and was distinct from alpha-2 macroglobulin, fibronectin or IgM. FMP was precipitated by concanavalin A and was separable from the bulk of VIII:RAg by ammonium sulphate fractionation. A significant amount of FMP was seen in normal serum (n = 12), plasma from patients with: (a) disseminated intravascular coagulation (n = 12) and (b) severe haemophilia A (n = 6). Trace amounts of FMP were observed in plasma from normal donors (n = 12), but neither VIII:ARg nor FMP was detectable in the plasma or serum from patients with severe von Willebrand's disease (n = 3). Freshly prepared cryoprecipitate contained trace amounts of FMP, similar to normal plasma, but increased levels were observed in antihaemophilic factor concentrates prepared for patient use. Significant levels of FMP were also seen in cryoprecipitate after storage at 4 degrees C for 7 d and this generation of FMP was diminished by the addition of protease inhibitors. The presence of significant levels of FMP in situations where proteolytic enzymes may be activated and inhibition of its generation by protease inhibitors, suggest that this protein is produced by proteolytic action of enzyme(s) on the FVIII molecule.
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PMID:Fast migrating protein, immunochemically related to human factor VIII, studied by crossed immunoelectrophoresis in agarose. 640 77

We investigated 91 cases of acute cholangitis, including 42 of severe cholangitis and 49 of mild cholangitis. The incidence of endotoxemia was 78.6 percent in 42 and 32.6 percent in the 49 patients. In the 42 with severe cholangitis, remarkable leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, decrease of serum CH50, C3, plasma fibronectin and phagocytic index were characteristic. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was observed in 76.2 percent. Since there was a positive correlation between platelet counts and levels of CH50 and C3, the decrease of platelet count, and the occurrence of DIC in patients with endotoxemia were thought to be closely related to the consumption of complements. There was no difference in mortality rate between nonsurgical treatment (57.8 percent) and the emergency bile drainage treatment (56.5 percent). The results of therapy depended on the degree of complicating DIC. We conclude that acute cholangitis was aggravated by endotoxemia and that severe cholangitis was accompanied by DIC induced by a decline in phylaxis.
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PMID:Pathogenesis and clinical features of acute cholangitis accompanied by shock. 643 60


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