Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Improved factor VIII preparations have made major surgery feasible for hemophiliac patients, as well as increasing their survival. In a hemphoiliac undergoing prostatectomy, the effects of local or systemic fibrinolysis and possible disseminated intravascular coagulation must be considered, in addition to the factor VIII deficiency. We successfully treated an octogenarian with benign prostatic hypertrophy and mild hemophilia during and after suprapubic prostatectomy by infusions of antihemophilic factor (factor VIII) concentrate. Cessation of infusion on the 15th day resulted in bleeding two days later. This ceased after resumption of antihemophilic factor infusion. Tests for abnormal fibrinolysis and fibrin split products gave negative results.
 ...
PMID:Prostatectomy in an 85-year-old hemophiliac. 5 87

A plasma protein required for the support of ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation was isolated from antihemophilic factor concentrate and radiolabeled with 125I. A double-antibody radioimmunoassay was developed, with use of specific rabbit anti-VIII related antigen serum and goat anti-rabbit globulin. The assay is sensitive, reproducible, and technically simple to perform. Values obtained in normal subjects ranged from 0.65 to 1.53 units, similar to our normal range for VIII coagulant activity (0.67-1.43 units). However, normal or increased values of VIII-related antigen were observed in VIII coagulant-deficient hemophiliacs. Also, concentrations of VII-related antigen significantly exceeded coagulant concentrations in several patients with liver disease or disseminated intravascular coagulation, or both. Of a broad selection of congenital coagulation disorders examined, only patients with von Willebrand's disease had decreased VIII-related antigen concentrations, and these corresponded to the lowered concentration of ristocetin cofactor in the patients. In three transfused patients, VII-related antigen values correlated with the concentration of the cofactor. Our results suggest that the radioimmunoassay of VIII-related antigen is a simple and valuable adjunct in the study of patients with clotting abnormalities.
 ...
PMID:Double-antibody radioimmunoassay for factor VIII-related antigen. 30 60

Systemic hemostatic agents are reviewed. Among the agents discussed are vitamin K preparations (phytonadione, menadione, menadione sodium bisulfite, menadiol sodium diphosphate); and blood products (whole blood, plasma, cryoprecipitate, factor VIII concentrates, factor IX concentrates and fibrinogen concentrates). Normal and abnormal hemostasis and fibrinolysis are discussed, as is the general management of systemic hemostatic defects. Specific disorders covered are clotting factor deficiencies, hemophilia A, factor VIII inhibitors, von Willebrand disease, hemophilia B (Christmas disease), other congenital coagulation disorders, acquired deficiency of factors II, VII, IX and X, and defibrination syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Drug therapy reviews: clinical use of hemostatic agents. 30 96

Thrombogenicity of the factor IX concentrate and its clinical use for stoppage of the bleeding in the case of hemophilia A with inhibitor were reported. (1) Factor IX concentrate contained the coagulation factors as prothrombin complex (factors II, VII, IX and X); Thrombin and factor Xa. (2) Prothrombin in the factor IX concentrate could be converted to thrombin without any additional procoagulant such as thromboplastin or factor V, but in just 2.5M glycine solution by the effect of factor Xa. (3) The infusion of factor IX concentrate into a rabbit induced DIC promptly which was proved by autopsy and coagulation-fibrinolytic studies. (4) Factor IX concentrate showed a great efficacy in stopping the bleeding in the case of hemophilia A with inhibitor.
 ...
PMID:Characteristics and thrombogenicity of factor IX concentrate. 61 88

The availability of factor VIII and factor IX concentrates has considerably improved substitution therapy in hemophilia A and B respectively. The desired activity levels and the corresponding factor VIII or factor IX dosage are indicated. Antifibrinolyics have a favorable action when given simultaneously, though hematuria is an absolute contraindication for antifibrinolytic treatment. The administration of factor IX concentrate in case of hemorrhage due to oral anticoagulation or to liver disease, or in newborns, should be used in emergency situations only, since this material may provoke either thrombosis or disseminated intravascular coagulation. Transmission of hepatitis is also possible.
 ...
PMID:[Substitution treatment of hemophilia a and b]. 114 62

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is a major opportunistic infection in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and is treated with co-trimoxazole, pentamidine and others. The severe adverse reactions, including bone marrow suppression, by these therapeutic agents often preclude their continued use. A 14-year-old male HIV-positive hemophilia A patient, who was complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC) following acute pancreatitis during treatment for PCP, was treated with proteinase inhibitors and anticoagulant agents. He was improved and discharged. As pentamidine may cause pancreatitis and develop DIC, it is important that pancreatic enzymes should be carefully followed when this agent administrated. In this case, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and erythropoietin were effective for the bone marrow suppression, suggesting that importance of these agents for the prophylaxis of other secondary infections during the treatment.
 ...
PMID:[HIV-1 seropositive hemophilia A complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome and acute pancreatitis during treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. 143 51

Most infants with hemophilia have no bleeding in the neonatal period even if birth trauma occurs. The explanation for this lack of bleeding in the first few days of life in most hemophiliacs is unknown. Maternal factors VIII and IX fail to cross the placenta and cannot, therefore, protect the neonate. There have, however, been an increasing number of reports of severe neonatal bleeding in hemophiliac neonates. Herein, a case of severe neonatal bleeding responsible for hypovolemic shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation masking the hemophilia and delaying its diagnosis is reported. Transfusion of twice the total globular mass and exchange-transfusion were required. Hemorrhagic gastric necrosis occurred, requiring subtotal gastrectomy. The diagnosis of severe hemophilia A (factor VIII = 1%) was established only at 17 days of age. At the age of five months, the child developed a dumping syndrome which improved under appropriate dietary therapy and finally resolved. Outcome was favorable and at the evaluation at two years of age the child was leading a normal life. This case underlines the difficulty of the diagnosis of hemophilia at birth. When there is no family history of bleeding, the diagnosis of hemophilia is usually missed in the neonatal period and established only later or retrospectively. Factors VIII and IX should consequently be measured in male neonates with unusual bleeding and an increased activated partial thromboplastin time, even if disseminated intravascular coagulation is present. Prompt diagnosis and initiation of specific therapy may lessen acute morbidity and prevent long-term sequelae in affected infants.
 ...
PMID:[Disseminated intravascular coagulation masking neonatal hemophilia]. 203 86

Therapies and prognoses covering fifteen cases of intracranial hematoma (ICrH) accompanying various types of bleeding tendency (BTD) were studied along with a secondary analysis of the pertinent references. Fifteen cases were divided into two groups, Group A comprising 11 cases of ICrH accompanying primary BTD, and Group B comprising four cases of ICrH accompanying secondary BTD caused by various underlying diseases. Group A included four cases of hemophilia A (Hp-A), two cases of factor XIII deficiency (FXIII-d), three cases of thrombocytopenia (Th-p) and two cases of vitamin K deficiency (VK-d). The four cases of Hp-A responded favorably, with good prognoses, to a supplementary therapy alone. This result was endorsed by the development of therapy as documented in the references. The combined five cases of FXIII-d and Th-p tended without exception, to show good prognoses in the wake of a combination therapy of supplementary treatment and surgical procedure. As regards FXIII-d, there was an inter-reference difference in supplementary doses. Many references shared the view that splenectomy was essential to the treatment of Th-p in general, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in particular. The current study also suggested that gammaglobulin in large doses would serve as an effective therapy. The two cases of VK-d suffered from a serious degree of lingering neurologic manifestations, although their lives were saved. Even though there is an established therapy for it, VK-d was found to be a problem with poor functional prognosis showing the importance of the preventive approach. Group B was classified into the acute type and the subacute type depending on the rate of pathologic development. As underlying diseases DIC and myelofibrosis due to acute myeloblastic leukemia, and Th-p due to aplastic anemia were noted in two cases in each group. Of these, two cases of the subacute type were able to be saved, while two cases of the acute type followed poor prognostic courses resulting, eventually, in death. The following were found to be responsible fatal factors: 1) causes of BTD which involved both mechanisms of coagulation and hemostasis, 2) non-removal of the underlying disease, in which case supplementary therapy tended to be futile, and 3) the underlying disease per se as a danger to the life of the patient. In conclusion, therapeutic rationale and prognosis in ICrH accompanying primary type of BTD will benefit from the implementation of an adequate augmentative therapy as in the ordinary type of ICrH.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Intracranial hematoma accompanying bleeding tendency: therapeutic practice and analysis of literature]. 220 82

Clinical and laboratory evaluation of severe bleeding can detect the presence of an intrinsic or acquired coagulation disorder. The three most common inherited coagulation disorders are factor VIII deficiency (hemophilia A), factor IX deficiency (hemophilia B), and von Willebrand's disease. Vitamin K deficiency, liver disease, and disseminated intravascular coagulation are the most common acquired disorders. A thorough clinical history is crucial to diagnosis. Screening tests that measure prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and platelet count permit initial classification and guide selection of more specific tests. Results can then be used to determine appropriate therapy.
 ...
PMID:Potentially catastrophic bleeding disorders. Approach to diagnosis and management. 267 67

Selective reduction in multiple gestation refers to abortion of specific fetuses, either because of congenital defect of grand multiple gestation. Fetal indications for which selective termination has been reported are Down syndrome, microcephaly, hemophilia A, spina bifida, thalassemia major and Tay-Sachs disease. Grand multiple gestations, defined as 4 or more fetuses in a pregnancy, have been selectively terminated in cases of 4-9 fetuses. Most couples choose to reduce multiple gestations to twin pregnancies. Very short women with multiple gestation are particularly at risk. Methods used have included needle aspiration of amniotic fluid, cardiac puncture and aspiration, and intrathoracic injection of KC1 or calcium gluconate. Potassium chloride is preferred because it is rapid, so results can be determined immediately without having to repeat the procedure. It is preferable to time the termination at 11 weeks' gestation to lower the risk of disseminated intravascular coagulation, which can result from absorption of fetal tissue. Most gynecologists prefer to select for fundal implantations. The ethical alternatives of this type of termination are either to abort the entire pregnancy, or risk the life of the mother as well as the life and well-being of all the fetuses. Most women with multiple gestations are those with history of infertility, who have gone to greater expense and emotional investment to become pregnant. Legally, selective reduction is a type of 1st trimester abortion, subject to institutional experimental protocols and patient's informed consent.
 ...
PMID:Selective reduction in multiple gestation. 273 40


1 2 3 Next >>