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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The study of immune and fibrinolytic systems in 216 atherosclerosis patients with associated chronic obstructions of the lungs revealed a discrete pattern of activity of plasminogen activator which is low in atherosclerosis in contrast to its elevation in combination of atherosclerosis with pulmonary obstructions. The latter cases manifest E-RFC relative number to be reduced in increased number of EAC-RFC. Growing amount of EA-RFM, elevated blood antithrombin III, activation of plasminogen activator in atherosclerosis coexistence with obstructive pulmonary lesions arrest the development of latent DIC syndrome and progression of atherosclerosis.
Klin Med (Mosk) 1991 Dec
PMID:[Changes in immune and fibrinolytic systems of patients with atherosclerosis and chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases]. 178 74

Pulmonary and myocardial damage are frequently cited as manifestations of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), but rarely as causes. Three elderly cases of severe DIC due to pulmonary and myocardial infarction are reported. All three patients died. Necropsy showed extensive pulmonary emboli in each case with large pulmonary infarcts in cases 1 and 2 and a ventricular aneurysm containing thrombus in cases 2 and 3. Early diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary embolism requires a high degree of clinical suspicion but may prevent progression to the irreversible stage of severe DIC.
J Clin Pathol 1991 Dec
PMID:Pulmonary infarction, myocardial infarction, and acute disseminated intravascular coagulation. 179 Dec 8

Physicians analyzed 1983-88 data on 99 maternal deaths in the netherlands to examine causes of death and to what degree substandard care contributed to the deaths. 65 cases were classified as direct maternal deaths, 14 ad indirect maternal deaths, and 20 as fortuitous maternal deaths. They did not include the 20 fortuitous deaths in the maternal mortality rate which stood at 8.8/100,000 live births. The physicians knew all the details in 66 maternal deaths. They identified substandard factors in 57% of these cases. Most of the cases associated with substandard care were women with pregnancy induced hypertension (eclampsia). The substandard care factors included patient or physician's delay, wrong diagnosis, insufficient knowledge of proper treatment, operating without knowledge of clotting disorders, interventions on patients in an unstable condition, inadequate postpartum and postoperative surveillance, and lack of organization. The leading direct cause of maternal death was eclampsia (34%) then thromboembolism (21%), and obstetric hemorrhage (19%). 41% of the women who died from eclampsia also suffered from cerebrovascular hemorrhage. Only 2 women died from septic abortion. The major indirect cause of maternal death was cerebrovascular hemorrhage (57%). Among the direct maternal deaths, 52% had disseminated intravascular coagulation and 25% had a cesarean section. As recently as 1935 in developed countries, puerperal sepsis was the leading cause of maternal deaths (50%) then obstetrical hemorrhage and eclampsia (25%). Mortality rates began to fall with the introduction of sulphonamides and later penicillin. In developing countries, however, maternal mortality remains very high. High rates are due to high fertility and a high risk of death each time a woman is pregnant. Availability of safe contraception and elimination of illegal abortions would reduce maternal mortality considerably.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1991 Dec
PMID:Maternal mortality and its prevention. 180 6

Intravenous infusion of endotoxin (0.25 mg/kg/hr for 4 hr) was shown to induce disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in rats, which resulted in hypofibrinogenemia, prolongation of prothrombin (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT), thrombocytopenia, and elevated levels of fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products (FDP). Oral administration (100 mg/kg) of the selective PAF antagonist, SM-10661 ((+/-)-cis-3,5-dimethyl-2-(3-pyridyl)thiazolidin-4-one HCl), counteracted the changes caused by the endotoxin. Intravenous infusion of SM-10661 (6mg/kg bolus 2 min before endotoxin infusion + 6 mg/kg/hr for 4 hr infusion) also counteracted DIC. When suboptimal doses of gabexate mesilate, a synthetic protease inhibitor (3 mg/kg i.p.), and SM-10661 (2 mg/kg bolus + 2 mg/kg/hr for 4 hr infusion) were administered concomitantly, hematological parameters improved. The results suggest that PAF may play a role in the pathogenesis of DIC, and that together with the results already reported for other PAF antagonists, SM-10661 may be useful in the treatment of DIC.
Lipids 1991 Dec
PMID:Effect of a selective PAF antagonist SM-10661 ((+/-)-cis-3,5-dimethyl-2-(3-pyridyl)thiazolidin-4-one HCl) on experimental disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). 181 39

Platelet counts were evaluated in 714 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (N-SCLC), small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL), and colon cancer entered to a clinical trial. Patients had not received prior chemotherapy. Platelet counts were not different in patients who had received radiation therapy prior to entry to the study. In comparison to the other tumor types, patients with N-SCLC demonstrated an increased prevalence of thrombocytosis (counts greater than 400,000/mm3), higher platelet counts at the time of entry to the study, higher over all mean platelet counts, relative preservation of high platelet levels during disease progression, and no relationship between platelet numbers and the amount of chemotherapy given. By contrast, platelet counts in patients with SCCL were negatively correlated with the absolute amount of cyclophosphamide and adriamycin given, and declined most dramatically with disease progression and death. Platelet numbers did not correlate with fibrinopeptide A or fibrin split product levels suggesting that disseminated intravascular coagulation or fibrinolysis may have had less influence on platelet numbers than certain other factors. By contrast, significant correlations were found for all three tumor types between platelet numbers and other indicators of bone marrow function including anemia, total leukocyte count, and absolute neutrophil count; and the fibrinogen level. Based upon these findings, we postulate that the host response to malignancy, possibly in the form of production of bone marrow-stimulating cytokines, may play a prominent role in regulation of platelet counts in these (and perhaps other) neoplasms, and that a particularly prominent and persistent degree of marrow stimulation exists in patients with N-SCLC.
Thromb Haemost 1990 Dec 28
PMID:The platelet count in carcinoma of the lung and colon. 196 50

The analysis of 88 lethal outcomes of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HERS) showed the occurrence of adenohypophyseal hemorrhage and necrotic foci in 75.5% of cases as well as combined involvement of adenohypophysis and adrenals in 18.4%. Pathogenetically, adenohypophyseal affection is related to anatomical-physiological features of the vessels, microcirculatory disorders, acute venous congestion. Contributing factors may be acute DIC syndrome, relapsing and prolonged collapses, hyperhydration leading to brain edema and hemostasis. Uncontrollable vomiting recorded in all the deceased patients seemed to promote destruction of adenohypophysis. Clinically, this gross pathomorphology ++ was equivalent to severe form of the disease--hypopituitary coma. Proper prophylaxis of the above complications is one of the conditions entailing reduction of mortality in HFRS.
Klin Med (Mosk) 1990 Dec
PMID:[Analysis of fatal outcome in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome]. 198 56

We reported a rare case of Plasmodium vivax malaria who showed findings of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). A 50-year-old Japanese male was sent to our hospital with the diagnosis of Plasmodium vivax malaria on the 26th of April, 1990. He had stayed in the Solomon Islands from Oct. 1987 to Dec. 1989, and had febrile episodes during his stay in the island. On April 18, 1990, he complained of a high fever with chills, and showed the same episodes on the 20th, 22th and was diagnosed as malaria. He was treated successfully with the sulfadoxine 500 mg and pyrimethamine 25mg (Fansidar), following the normal temperature on the 4th day and disappearance of malarial parasites in the peripheral blood smear on the 6th day. Interestingly, he had thrombocytopenia and a high titer serum level of fibrin degradation product (FDP) supporting the questionable diagnosis of DIC. Even on the 12th day after improved thrombocytopenia by treatment with Gabexate (FOY), the serum level of FDP, D-dimer and thrombin-nati-thrombin (TAT)III complex still remained at high titer levels. One month later he was readmitted for a relapse of Plasmodium vivax malaria, when he showed thrombocytopenia but the serum level of FDP, D-dimer, TAT III complex and PM.alpha 2 PI complex were normal levels. We concluded that the thrombocytopenia and the high titer of FDP at his first admission was a manifestation of DIC.
 ...
PMID:[A case of Plasmodium vivax malaria with findings of DIC]. 207 64

Although bacteremia caused by non-typhoidal salmonella is frequently observed in immunocompromised hosts, it is rare to find this condition in healthy subjects. In this report, we present a case of bacteremia due to Salmonella enteritidis detected in a healthy man. A 59-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a fifty-day history of fever on May 18, 1985. On admission, he showed no symptoms except high body temperature (38.8 degrees C). In the laboratory data, C-reactive protein was 3+, white- cell count was 9600, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 12 mm/h. Culture in blood and stool yielded Salmonella enteritidis. However, no abnormal findings were found in UGIS, barium enema, OC + DIC, abdominal CT and echography. As soon as Ampicillin was administered, the fever was gone and the blood culture yielded nothing. After six months, the stool culture was negative for pathological intestinal bacterial flora and he was in good physical condition. Generally, bacteremia develops mainly in the immunocompromised hosts, such as patients with neoplastic disease, AIDS, leukemia or collagen disease. The literature provides so far twenty three adult cases of bacteremia due to non-typhoidal salmonella in Japan. Only two of them had no systemic disease as well as our case. Although it is unknown why bacteremia developed in this healthy man, we reported that bacteremia developed rarely in subjects with healthy condition.
Kansenshogaku Zasshi 1990 Dec
PMID:[A case of bacteremia due to Salmonella enteritidis in healthy man]. 207 75

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a frequent complication of acute leukaemia, in particular acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Although procoagulant substances released from leukaemic blast cells may induce DIC by activating conventional coagulation pathways, there is increasing evidence to suggest that direct activation of fibrinogen by proteases released from blast cells may be the predominant mechanism by which DIC is initiated. Primary fibrinolysis has also been proposed as the cause of the haemorrhagic diathesis in some cases of acute leukaemia. Although plasminogen activators have been demonstrated in leukaemic blast cells supporting this view, cases of primary fibrinolysis would appear to be rare. A bleeding tendency attributed to primary fibrinolysis may more often be the result of an exaggerated fibrinolytic response secondary to DIC. The main strategies of treatment for leukaemia associated DIC are rapid initiation of chemotherapy and vigorous blood product support until the DIC resolves once the blast cells have been eradicated. The role of heparin in the management of leukaemia associated DIC remains controversial. There is recent evidence to suggest that heparin therapy does reduce the incidence of haemorrhagic death although it has been recommended that relatively low intravenous doses should be administered initially to reduce the risk of heparin induced haemorrhage.
Blood Rev 1990 Dec
PMID:Haemostatic problems in acute leukaemia. 207 71

The spectrum and outcome of acute renal failure (ARF) were studied in 205 children aged between 1 month and 12 yr. There were 145 boys and 60 girls; 23 per cent were below 1 yr and 49 per cent between 1 and 4 yr. The main causes of ARF were haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) in 36 per cent, serious infections in 19 per cent, acute gastroenteritis and dysentery in 17 per cent, glomerulonephritis (GN) in 13 per cent and intravascular haemolysis (IVH) in 6 per cent. Most patients with HUS, serious infections and gastroenteritis were below 5 yr, whereas GN and IVH occurred in older children. HUS was mostly associated with dysentery; Shigella and several other pathogens were isolated from stools in 35 per cent. In most patients with HUS disseminated intravascular coagulation and renal cortical necrosis were present, with a high mortality. The outcome was also poor in infants with serious infections. IVH occurred in patients with G-6-PD deficiency. In such patients and in those with post-streptococcal GN the prognosis was good. Crescentic GN had a poor outcome. Our observations highlight the common and serious nature of ARF in India. However, most of the underlying causes are preventable.
Indian J Med Res 1990 Dec
PMID:Acute renal failure in north Indian children. 207 54


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