Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The renal venous thrombosis is mostly produced by severe dehydration. The following, however, are also predisposing factors: infections, birth traumata, paranephritic processes, lack of oxygen, diabetes of the mother and cyanotic heart defects. The diagnosis is correctly made by means of the palpable flank tumor, the macrohematuria, together with the urogram and sonography. The most urgent therapeutic measure is the balancing of the water and electrolyte deficit to eliminate the dehydration, i.e. the existing oliguria or anuria. The therapy is primarily always conservative. In the event of a consumption coagulopathy, a therapeutical attempt can be undertaken with heparin but if this is unsuccessful, an immediate nephrectomy must be performed. A further nephrectomy will be necessary if hypertony persistent infection and renal atrophy occur. Two infants with renal venous thrombosis were used for this study on the causes and diagnosis of, and the therapy for the illness.
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PMID:[Renal venous thrombosis in the newborn (author's transl)]. 746 39

Sennoside A content in hot-water extracts from 17 varieties of rhubarb obtained from the market was measured, and their respective cathartic effects were also examined in mice. A positive correlation was confirmed between the sennoside A content and cathartic effects in our experiments. Furthermore, the effects of Shisendaio [symbol: see text], with a higher sennoside A content, and Kinmondaio [symbol: see text], with a lower sennoside A content, exhibited endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) which related closely to Oketsu symptoms, and these effects were examined in rats. Kinmondaio exhibited weak inhibition on both reducing erythrocyte deformability and prolonging euglobulin lysis time (ELT) in DIC rats. From our results, it is possible to evaluate rhubarb's cathartic effect, one of its main drug effects, by examining the rhubarb's sennoside A content. However, it is difficult to estimate the cathartic effect according to the general market name of Rhubarb. No dramatic effect was found on the experimental models used for Oketsu symptoms such as endotoxin-induced DIC.
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PMID:Study of various rhubarbs regarding the cathartic effect and endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation. 770 78

Dysbaric osteonecrosis (DON) can occur in humans and sheep after a single hyperbaric air exposure with inadequate decompression. The authors hypothesize that DON does not result from primary embolic or compressive effects of nitrogen bubbles on the osseous vasculature, but by secondary injury to the marrow adipose tissue by rapidly expanding nitrogen gas that triggers local, and possibly systemic, intravascular coagulation. A 28-year-old scallop diver remained at a depth of 92 feet in sea water for 4.5 hours on surface-supplied compressed air. Decompression sickness occurred after a no-stop ascent to the surface, and he died 70 minutes later. Autopsy showed multiple gas bubbles, not only within the great vessels, but in the fatty marrow of his femoral and humeral heads. Lipid and platelet aggregates were found on the surface of marrow bubbles. Fibrin-platelet thrombi were detected within dilated venous sinusoids adjacent to bubbles, and in veins, capillaries, and arterioles. Since pulmonary, renal, and intraosseous (subchondral) fat embolism and fibrin thromboses were observed, it is suggested that injured marrow adipocytes can release liquid fat, thromboplastin, and other vasoactive substances, which conceivably can also play a systemic procoagulant role in triggering disseminated intravascular coagulation and additional DON.
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PMID:The pathophysiologic role of fat in dysbaric osteonecrosis. 822 35

Rhabdomyolysis is damage of the skeletal muscles due to different causes which leads to the release of the contents of muscle cells into the blood stream and conversely to the penetration of water and other substances into muscles via the damaged membrane. This initiates many processes which damage the organism: hypovolaemia, hypocalcaemia, hyperkalaemia, hyperuricaemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, renal failure. Renal failure in particular is a frequent and very serious complication. However, when correct treatment is provided, it is usually reversible. The diagnosis and differential diagnosis is not difficult if the possible presence of rhabdomyolysis is considered. Therapy involves in particular supplementation of the vascular volume and forced diuresis.
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PMID:[Rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure]. 829 39

There are many common and significant medical complications of head injury. These include (1) cardiovascular problems such as hyperdynamic state, myocardial injury, and dysrhythmias; (2) respiratory changes such as neurogenic pulmonary edema, hypoxia, abnormal ventilatory patterns, pulmonary infections, and pulmonary emboli secondary to deep vein thrombosis; (3) consumption coagulopathy; (4) water and electrolyte derangements--hypo- and hypernatremia; (5) hypothalamic/pituitary dysfunction--syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone and diabetes insipidus; (6) increased general metabolism with loss of immunocompetence, respiratory compromise, and complications of decreased activity; (7) gastrointestinal difficulties, particularly stress gastritis; and (8) infectious problems including those related to contamination from open wounds and foreign bodies such as monitors.
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PMID:Medical complications of head injury. 841 23

Kasabach-Merritt syndrome is characterized by thrombocytopenia and bleeding tendency leading to disseminated intravascular coagulation with giant hemangiomas. We present a very low birth weight infant with this syndrome who underwent four operations. A male baby (1179 g, 37 cm) was born at a gestational age of 28 weeks and 6 days by caesarean section. A large hemangioma, 7 x 8 cm in size, was recognized on the left thigh. As associated consumption coagulopathy (Kasabach-Merritt syndrome) was diagnosed with platelet count 5.1 +/- 10(4) mm-3 and fibrinogen 49 mg.dl-1. Despite treatment with liniac X-ray radiation, systemic steroid and component transfusion, coagulopathy became worse with extremely low platelet count of 1.1 x 10(4) mm-3. Infusion of dopamine and dobutamine was necessary for high output cardiac failure. On day 9, PDA ligation was performed. Cerebro-ventricular drainage, ventricuro-peritoneal shunt and shunt revision were required on day 15, 49 and 88, respectively, for hydrocephalus due to intraventricular hemorrhage. Main anesthetics used were fentanyl and sevoflurane. Major problems encountered by anesthetists were: bleeding tendency, water and electrolyte management, body temperature control, and immaturity and fragility of premature infant. Coagulopathy in Kasabach-Merritt syndrome must be a risk factor for intraventricular hemorrhage, which is a characteristic complication of a very low birth weight infant.
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PMID:[Anesthetic problems in a very low birth weight infant with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome]. 881 2

The neutron reflectivity technique is applied to determine the adsorptive interaction of the 13.5-kDa actin-binding protein hisactophilin from Dictyostelium discoideum with lipid monolayers at a lateral pressure of 21 mN/m < or = pi < or = 25 mN/m at the air-water interface. We compare binding of natural hisactophilin exhibiting a myristic acid chain membrane anchor at the N-terminus (DIC-HIS) and a fatty acid-deficient genetic product expressed in Escherichia coli (EC-HIS). It is demonstrated that only the natural hisactophilin DIC-HIS is capable of mediating the strong binding of monomeric actin to the monolayer, where it forms a layer of about 40 A thickness corresponding to the average diameter of actin monomers. Monolayers composed of pure dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine with fully deuterated hydrocarbon tails and headgroup (DMPC-d67) and 1:1 mixtures of this lipid with chain deuterated dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DMPG-d54) are studied on subphases consisting either of fully deuterated buffer (D2O) or of a 9:1 H2O/D2O buffer that matches the scattering length density of air (CMA buffer). The reflectivity data are analyzed in terms of layer models, consisting of one to three layers, depending on the contrast of the buffer and the system. We show that both protein species bind tightly to negatively charged 1:1 DMPC-d67/DMPG-d54 monolayers, thereby forming a thin and most probably monomolecular protein layer of 12-15 A thickness. We find that the natural protein (DIC-HIS) partially penetrates into the lipid monolayer, in contrast to chain-deficient species (EC-HIS), which forms only an adsorbed layer. The coverage of the monolayer with DIC-HIS strongly depends on the presence of anionic DMPG in the monolayer. At a bulk protein concentration of 1.5 micrograms/ml, the molar ratio of bound protein to lipid is about 1:45 for the 1:1 lipid mixture but only 1:420 for the pure DMPC.
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PMID:Hisactophilin-mediated binding of actin to lipid lamellae: a neutron reflectivity study of protein membrane coupling. 884 19

In acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), disseminated intravascular coagulation is frequently observed. Massive alveolar bleeding can lead to respiratory insufficiency, requiring tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. Today all-transretinoic acid (ATRA) is part of induction chemotherapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia. The administration of ATRA is oral. No intravenously administered form is available. ATRA can be administered to intubated patients in the following manner: the daily amount of ATRA is placed in a sterile 50 ml tube. After addition of about 20 ml of sterile water the tube is heated in a waterbath to a temperature of 37 degrees C until the capsules melt and the suspension is completely liquid. The resulting oily fluid is then administered via nasogastric tube. We have treated 2 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia intubated due to massive alveolar bleeding in this manner, and have observed a differentiation of promyelocytes to granulocytes and complete remission in both patients, indicating that the ATRA administered had been resorbed intestinally.
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PMID:[Oral All-transretinoic acid administration in intubated patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia]. 894 98

Leptospirosis is an infectious illness that usually develops 1 to 2 weeks after indirect or direct exposure to the urine of infected animals. Infection occurs through open cuts, absorption through intact mucous membranes, and drinking contaminated water. The typical presentation is a flulike syndrome of sudden onset that tends to resolve within 2 weeks. A mild immunologic phase usually presents as an aseptic meningitis. A more severe immunologic phase (Well's syndrome) can result in jaundice, renal failure, adult respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and death. Laboratory tests take too long to replace clinical diagnosis, which is imperative so that antibiotic therapy can begin before the fourth day of illness. Although leptospirosis is more common in tropical climates, detection in the continental United States is increasing. Early, accurate detection and treatment in the primary care setting are vital for limiting life-threatening complications.
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PMID:Diagnosis and treatment of leptospirosis in the primary care setting. 961 81

Hantaviruses are RNA viruses that belong to the genus Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae. The main reservoir of hantaviruses are rodents. Humans become infected by inhaling particles of dust contaminated with faeces of rodents, that are found In Europe and Asia hantaviruses named: Hantaan, Seoul and Dobrava-Belgrade causing haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) are prevalent. Typical clinical picture of HFRS consists of renal insufficiency (primarily anuria and then polyuria with disturbances of water and electrolytic balance), hypotension, shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation and fibrynolisis (DIC). The mild form of this disease caused by Puumala virus is found in Scandinavia. North and South America are the regions where the prevalence of viruses: Sin Nombre, Black Creek Canal, Bayou, and New York causing hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) has been noted. In the course of this disease non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema requires immediate hospitalisation at intensive care ward with artificial ventilation. Mortality in HPS due to hypotension, hypoxia and shock ranges up to 40%.
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PMID:[Diseases caused by hantaviruses]. 991 18


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