Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Platelet aggregation was undertaken in platelet rich plasma in 34 heat-stroke patients during the Muslim pilgrimage (Haj) to Makkah; 18 were males and 16 were females; their ages ranged from 36 to 80 years (mean SD = 58 10). Platelet aggregability, on arrival at the Heatstroke Centres, was markedly inhibited in response to adrenaline, collagen, arachidonic acid and ristocetin but not to ADP. Responses to decreasing ADP doses (20.0, 2.0, 1.0 and 0.5 micromol/l) showed hyperaggregability in 12 patients, inhibited responses in 16 and normal responses in 6 patients. Aggregation responses were not significantly different when comparing patients with bleeding manifestations ( n = 10), with those without bleeding ( n = 24). Haemostatic parameters including plasma fibrinogen, ATIII and platelet count, were markedly reduced in the two patient groups who showed hyperaggrebable and depressed aggregation responses, but not in those with normal responses. These results lead us to conclude that: (1) platelet activation is a frequent feature of heatstroke; (2) in heatstroke altered aggregation responses, whether hyperaggregable or depressed, occur simultaneously with a consumption coagulopathy.
 ...
PMID:The role of platelets in the coagulopathy of heatstroke- a study of platelet aggregation in heatstroke patients during the Makkah pilgrimage (Haj) to Makkah. 1679 31

A 19-year-old man was referred to our hospital with pancytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Bone marrow aspiration revealed 93.6% of atypical promyelocytes and marked hemophagocytosis by macrophages. The diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) associated with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) was made. As there was no evidence of infection, collagen diseases, or abuse of medicine, his HPS was classified as malignancy-associated HPS (MAHS). The DIC improved after administration of idarubicin and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). On the 11th day, however, DIC and elevation of serum LDH recurred with the appearance of hepatosplenomegaly. Although APL cells had decreased in the bone marrow, hemophagocytes persisted. After administration of dexamethasone and etoposide, DIC and HPS improved, and complete remission of APL was obtained. ATRA was implicated in the aggravation of APL-induced MAHS in the present case.
 ...
PMID:[Acute promyelocytic leukemia associated with hemophagocytic syndrome]. 1751 22

Achieving and maintaining hemostasis in neurosurgical procedures is critical to the outcome. After trauma to the brain, a cascade of events initiated by tissue factor (TF) or thromboplastin results in a coagulation process that develops into an exaggerated fibrinolytic response, called disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). After a discussion of DIC, intraoperative adjuncts used to control bleeding, such as the gelatin sponge, thrombin, microcrystalline collagen, aprotinin, and fibrin sealants, are reviewed. Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) also is discussed, including its mechanism of action and use in neurosurgery. The ultra-early administration of rFVIIa also is covered, in both the military and the civilian settings.
 ...
PMID:Update on hemostasis: neurosurgery. 1801 38

Pathology data from the anthrax animal models show evidence of significant increases in vascular permeability coincident with hemostatic imbalances manifested by thrombocytopenia, transient leucopenia, and aggressive disseminated intravascular coagulation. In this study we hypothesized that anthrax infection modulates the activity of von Willebrand factor (VWF) and its endogenous regulator ADAMTS13, which play important roles in hemostasis and thrombosis, including interaction of endothelial cells with platelets. We previously demonstrated that purified anthrax neutral metalloproteases Npr599 and InhA are capable of cleaving a variety of host structural and regulatory proteins. Incubation of human plasma with these proteases at 37 degrees C in the presence of urea as a mild denaturant results in proteolysis of VWF. Also in these conditions, InhA directly cleaves plasma ADAMTS13 protein. Npr599 and InhA digest synthetic VWF substrate FRETS-VWF73. Amino acid sequencing of VWF fragments produced by InhA suggests that one of the cleavage sites of VWF is located at domain A2, the target domain of ADAMTS13. Proteolysis of VWF by InhA impairs its collagen binding activity (VWF:CBA) and ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation activity. In plasma from anthrax spore-challenged DBA/2 mice, VWF antigen levels increase up to 2-fold at day 3 post-infection with toxigenic Sterne 34F(2) strain, whereas VWF:CBA levels drop in a time-dependent manner, suggesting dysfunction of VWF instead of its quantitative deficiency. This conclusion is further supported by significant reduction in the amount of VWF circulating in blood in the ultra-large forms. In addition, Western blot analysis shows proteolytic depletion of ADAMTS13 from plasma of spore-challenged mice despite its increased expression in the liver. Our results suggest a new mechanism of anthrax coagulopathy affecting the levels and functional activities of both VWF and its natural regulator ADAMTS13. This mechanism may contribute to hemorrhage and thrombosis typical in anthrax.
 ...
PMID:Degradation of circulating von Willebrand factor and its regulator ADAMTS13 implicates secreted Bacillus anthracis metalloproteases in anthrax consumptive coagulopathy. 1826 86

The goal of this study was to determine the morphological and sub-cellular mechanical effects of Rac activation on fibroblasts within 3-D collagen matrices. Corneal fibroblasts were plated at low density inside 100 microm thick fibrillar collagen matrices and cultured for 1-2 days in serum-free media. Time-lapse imaging was then performed using Nomarski DIC. After an acclimation period, perfusion was switched to media containing PDGF. In some experiments, Y-27632 or blebbistatin were used to inhibit Rho-kinase (ROCK) or myosin II, respectively. PDGF activated Rac and induced cell spreading, which resulted in an increase in cell length, cell area, and the number of pseudopodial processes. Tractional forces were generated by extending pseudopodia, as indicated by centripetal displacement and realignment of collagen fibrils. Interestingly, the pattern of pseudopodial extension and local collagen fibril realignment was highly dependent upon the initial orientation of fibrils at the leading edge. Following ROCK or myosin II inhibition, significant ECM relaxation was observed, but small displacements of collagen fibrils continued to be detected at the tips of pseudopodia. Taken together, the data suggests that during Rac-induced cell spreading within 3-D matrices, there is a shift in the distribution of forces from the center to the periphery of corneal fibroblasts. ROCK mediates the generation of large myosin II-based tractional forces during cell spreading within 3-D collagen matrices, however residual forces can be generated at the tips of extending pseudopodia that are both ROCK and myosin II-independent.
 ...
PMID:Dynamic assessment of fibroblast mechanical activity during Rac-induced cell spreading in 3-D culture. 1845 53

The goal of this study was to investigate the responses of isolated cells in 3-D culture to localized application of mechanical and biochemical signals. Corneal fibroblasts were plated inside collagen matrices for 24 hours, then imaged using time-lapse DIC. For mechanical perturbation, a microinjection needle (Femtotip) was inserted axially into the ECM, then displaced laterally to alter local ECM stress. For biochemical stimulation, PDGF or vehicle control solution was microinjected into the matrix. Compressing the ECM perpendicular to the cell axis had no appreciable effect on cell behavior. However, pushing the ECM parallel to the cell axis induced rapid cellular contraction, followed by secondary cell spreading and tractional force generation. Injection of PDGF induced a similar cell spreading response. Cells in 3-D matrices showed remarkable plasticity, and extension of pseudopodia could be induced at both the leading and trailing edges of migrating cells.
 ...
PMID:Localized application of mechanical and biochemical stimuli in 3-D culture. 1869 23

The enhancement of blood fluidity may lead to improvements in skin problems resulting from unsmooth circulation or blood stagnation. Since a 50% ethanolic extract (CH-ext) obtained from unripe Citrus hassaku fruits may be a useful ingredient in skin-whitening cosmetics, the present study was designed to examine the effect of CH-ext on blood fluidity. CH-ext concentration-dependently inhibited in vitro collagen-induced rabbit platelet aggregation and in vitro polybrene-induced rat erythrocyte aggregation. The CH-ext showed in vitro fibrinolysis activity in fibrin plate assay. Activity-guided fractionation of the CH-ext using antiplatelet activity, inhibitory activity of erythrocyte aggregation, and fibrinolysis activity revealed that these activities of CH-ext were attributable to naringenin-7-glycoside (prunin). Successive oral administration of CH-ext to rats inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced decrease of blood platelets and fibrinogen, and LPS-induced increase of fibrin degradation products (FDP) in LPS-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) model rats. Effects of CH-ext on blood fluidity were analyzed by a micro channel array flow analyzer (MC-FAN). Preventive oral administration of CH-ext to rats showed dose-dependent reduction of the passage time of whole blood flow of the DIC model rats in comparison with that of the vehicle control rats. These results imply that CH-ext may have effects which improve effects on blood fluidity.
 ...
PMID:Effects of unripe Citrus hassaku fruits extract and its flavanone glycosides on blood fluidity. 2041 Jun 2

Migration of activated corneal fibroblasts plays an important role in matrix patterning during embryonic development and wound repopulation following injury or refractive surgery. In this study, we investigate the role of Rho kinase in regulating fibroblast migration mechanics, by modifying a previously described nested collagen matrix model to facilitate dynamic imaging of cell-matrix interactions.Human corneal fibroblasts were cultured in nested matrices with media containing either 1% fetal bovine serum (FBS), or 1% FBS plus the Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632. Time-lapse DIC imaging of cell and extracellular matrix (ECM) movements was performed for up to 72 hours. In addition, static confocal imaging was used to assess 3-D cell morphology and local matrix reorganization.In 1% FBS, significant tractional forces were generated during migration, as indicated by inward displacement and reorganization of collagen in front of cells. When Rho kinase was inhibited, cells became more elongated, and extended dendritic processes into the outer matrix. Interestingly, these dendritic cells were still able to generate tractional forces at their leading edge, whereas cell translocation was substantially reduced. Overall, the data suggests that Rho kinase impacts 3-D fibroblast migration by affecting morphology, polarization, and mechanical coordination between the leading and trailing edges of cells.
 ...
PMID:Rho Kinase Regulation of Fibroblast Migratory Mechanics in Fibrillar Collagen Matrices. 2113 18

The cuticle of C. elegans is a highly resistant structure that surrounds the exterior of the animal(1-4). The cuticle not only protects the animal from the environment, but also determines body shape and plays a role in motility(4-6). Several layers secreted by epidermal cells comprise the cuticle, including an outermost lipid layer(7). Circumferential ridges in the cuticle called annuli pattern the length of the animal and are present during all stages of development(8). Alae are longitudinal ridges that are present during specific stages of development, including L1, dauer, and adult stages(2,9). Mutations in genes that affect cuticular collagen organization can alter cuticular structure and animal body morphology(5,6,10,11). While cuticular imaging using compound microscopy with DIC optics is possible, current methods that highlight cuticular structures include fluorescent transgene expression(12), antibody staining(13), and electron microscopy(1). Labeled wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) has also been used to visualize cuticular glycoproteins, but is limited in resolving finer cuticular structures(14). Staining of cuticular surface using fluorescent dye has been observed, but never characterized in detail(15). We present a method to visualize cuticle in live C. elegans using the red fluorescent lipophilic dye DiI (1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate), which is commonly used in C. elegans to visualize environmentally exposed neurons. This optimized protocol for DiI staining is a simple, robust method for high resolution fluorescent visualization of annuli, alae, vulva, male tail, and hermaphrodite tail spike in C. elegans.
 ...
PMID:Visualization of Caenorhabditis elegans cuticular structures using the lipophilic vital dye DiI. 2231 13

Plasmic and platelet components of hemostasis were examined in 50 patients with terminal chronic renal failure (CRF) aged 23 to 67 years and 30 healthy controls of the same age. A plasmic hemostasis component was studied basing on 11 parameters of coagulogram. A platelet hemostasis component was studied by platelet aggregation: spontaneous and induced by ADP (in concentration 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 mkg/ml), collagen, adrenalin and ristomycin. All CRF patients before hemodialysis had a significant alterations of 6 indices of a plasmic component of hemostasis: activated partial thromboplastic time, content of soluble fibrinmonomeric complexes, thrombine time; of 3 from 7 tests of aggregatogram (ADP, collagen, ristomycin induced aggregation). After hemodialysis severity of the above pathological shifts deteriorated (1.5 to 5 times). Thus, CRF patients on hemodialysis showed aggrevation of impairment of all hemostasis components. They are at risk of hypercoagulation, DIC-syndrome, massive thromboembolism. The above impairment of hemostasis should be considered in prescription of anticoagulant therapy to CRF patients. Monitoring of hemodialysis and adequate correction of the hemostasis system defects may contribute to improvement of quality of life of patients with terminal CRF and lowering of their mortality rate.
 ...
PMID:[Changes in plasmic and platelet hemostasis in patients with chronic renal failure in hemodialysis]. 2264 97


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>