Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The syndrome of symmetrical peripheral gangrene is characterised by distal ischaemic damage in two or more extremities, without large vessel obstruction. Four patients with bilateral pedal ischaemia are described and their haemodynamic profiles presented. In all four cases the syndrome developed in association with noradrenaline administration, sepsis and DIC, despite a high cardiac output and a low calculated systemic vascular resistance index. Early treatment with epoprostenol was instituted in the final case and was successful.
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PMID:Symmetrical peripheral gangrene: association with noradrenaline administration. 146 85

It has been established as a result of experimental and clinical studies that the phase of hypercoagulation of the DIC syndrome is marked by an appreciable increase of noradrenaline content in blood and tissues whereas the phase of hypocoagulation by a considerable diminution of the substance in blood and tissues. During hypercoagulation of the DIC syndrome, the function of mast cells in the animals' tissues rises. On the contrary, administration of heparin reduces the noradrenaline content in tissues to a considerable degree. All the four prostaglandin groups (A2, B2, F2 and E2) alter the function of the tissue component within the system of regulation of the aggregate state of the blood. At the same time their effect is determined by the specificity of the respective prostaglandin, by exposure, and by the character of the metabolism of the respective tissues. The data obtained provide new evidence in favour of the author's conception that hemostasis is a private case of homeostasis both as regards the biological significance of the process and its common character with respect to the neuroendocrine forms of regulation.
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PMID:[Hemostasis and homeostasis]. 280 69

The reactivity of the central nervous system in the disseminated intravascular coagulation was studied. In this state the action of pentylenetetrazol and thiopental were decreased. Also shortening of tonic phase of electric convulsions was observed. No changes were noted in the contents of noradrenaline and serotonin, whereas slight increase in dopamine level in some regions of brain was found. It seems that observed effects are connected with other mechanisms than interaction with central mediators.
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PMID:Reactivity of the central nervous system in the disseminated intravascular coagulation in rats. 716 13

1. Hypotension and vascular hyporesponsiveness to vasoconstrictors are observed during endotoxic shock, and are associated with increased production of nitric oxide in the vascular wall. Disseminated intravascular coagulation is another feature of septicaemia. We hypothesized that thrombin generated during disseminated intravascular coagulation might modulate the changes in vascular tone induced by endotoxin. 2. Incubation of rat aortic rings for 4 h with alpha-thrombin (0.003-3.0 NIH units/ml) did not change their reactivity to noradrenaline. Incubation for 4 h with lipopolysaccharide increased the EC50 for noradrenaline, whereas co-incubation of thrombin (0.5 NIH units/ml) with lipopolysaccharide did not alter this hyporeactivity to noradrenaline. 3. In vivo in rats, lipopolysaccharide caused early (1 h) and late (4-6 h) hyporeactivity to noradrenaline. In rats infused with lipopolysaccharide and heparin (1 U min-1 kg-1, 0.4 ml/h) or hirudin (2.2 mg ml-1 kg-1, 0.8 ml/h), vasopressor responses to noradrenaline were not different from those after infusion of lipopolysaccharide alone. Aortic rings taken from rats receiving both anticoagulant treatment and lipopolysaccharide had the same sensitivity to noradrenaline as those obtained from rats receiving lipopolysaccharide alone. 4. Our results suggest that, in vivo, disseminated intravascular coagulation does not modify the early and late effects of lipopolysaccharide on arterial pressure and that, in vitro, thrombin neither induces hyporeactivity to noradrenaline nor modifies lipopolysaccharide-induced hyporeactivity. We propose that thrombin generated during disseminated intravascular coagulation in rats does not play a major role in the alterations of vascular tone observed during endotoxic shock.
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PMID:Thrombin does not alter vascular hyporeactivity in models of endotoxin-induced septic shock in rats. 772 Mar 38

Despite recent therapeutic advances, mortality due to septic shock remains high. The most important causes of mortality are refractory shock, uncontrollable alterations of coagulation, and multiorgan failure. Some authors have proposed the early use of plasmafiltration and high flow hemodiafiltration for refractory septic shock. Most authors initiate treatment with a short session of plasmafiltration followed by continuous hemodiafiltration. A 13-year-old girl presented refractory meningococcal septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and acute renal failure unresponsive to volume expansion and high doses of adrenalin and noradrenaline. She received simultaneous treatment with plasmafiltration and continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration for 30 hours. Two pumps of extrarenal purification placed in parallel through the same double line catheter were used. Fast hemodynamic stabilization and control of the coagulopathy were achieved. The patient survived with progressive recovery of renal function but required amputation of the inferior left limb. Continuous plasmafiltration and venovenous hemodiafiltration can be used simultaneously for the treatment of older children with septic shock, severe coagulopathy, and hypervolemia.
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PMID:[Treatment of septic shock with continuous plasmafiltration and hemodiafiltration]. 1458 20

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a promising tool to monitor neurotransmitter release at the single-cell level: it is a sensitive technique that provides structural information of the released compounds and spatial information about their release sites. In this study we demonstrate that depolarization-evoked catecholamine secretion by rat phaeochromocytoma (PC12) cells can be spatially resolved by SERS using silver colloids. A suitable SERS substrate was created by adding silver colloids to the cell culture medium. Nomarski-DIC microscopy combined with reflection confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that the colloids were primarily present on top of the cell membrane. The SERS spectra were successfully corrected for the contribution of cell constituents. Dopamine and noradrenaline were localized by examining the correlation coefficient between spectra and reference catecholamine spectra. Potential improvements of the temporal resolution of the technique are discussed.
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PMID:Monitoring neurotransmitter release using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. 1691 57

We report a case of amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) after cesarean section (C/S). A 35-year-old primigravida with placenta previa and myoma underwent C/S because of nonreassuring fetal status caused by medical induction of labor. C/S was performed smoothly under general anesthesia and the baby had no problems. Immediately after the end of C/S, she went into sudden cardiovascular collapse and massive postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) became apparent. The mechanical ventilation with 100% oxygen was continued. Cardiovascular stabilization was attained with immediate administration of noradrenaline and blood transfusion. As her clinical course indicated coagulopathy due to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), we gave transfusion of fresh frozen plasma and red cell concentrate before the diagnosis of DIC was established by laboratory tests. Since we thought that manual pressure and uterotonics were not adequate to stop PPH, we performed uterine artery embolization additionally. The PPH with DIC was stopped by these measures seven hours after C/S. The patient and her baby left the hospital with no complications. AFE is a rare and often fatal obstetric condition, characterized by sudden cardiovascular collapse, and massive bleeding with DIC. The prompt awareness and initiation of appropriate measures are mandatory for patient's survival.
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PMID:[Successful anesthetic management of a postpartum patient with amniotic fluid embolism]. 2134 57