Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tissue factor is the initiator of the extrinsic coagulation pathway and is an important regulator of haemostasis. Tissue factor is constitutively expressed in numerous cells and tissues, and can be induced in monocytes and endothelial cells by different inflammatory agents. Lymphocytes and serum factors can modulate the expression of tissue factor in monocytes. The regulation of tissue factor expression in monocytes appears to be different from that in endothelial cells. Phorbol myristate acetate can inhibit as well as induce tissue factor activity in monocytes, whereas phorbol myristate acetate only induces the expression of tissue factor in endothelial cells. Tissue factor expression in monocytes from patients with infections is not always associated with DIC. The extrinsic pathway inhibitor may play a role in the development of DIC in patients with sepsis. Deposition of extravascular fibrin may be an important determinant of tissue injury.
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PMID:Cellular regulation of tissue factor. 213 17

Fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) D and E are typically present in blood of patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation and related conditions in which granulocyte (PMN) defense against bacterial infection may be compromised. This study was intended to determine whether FDP modify PMN functions critical to their bactericidal activity. Incubation of human PMN and Escherichia coli with 50-100 micrograms/ml FDP did not affect phagocytosis, but reduced by greater than 90% the cells' ability to inhibit bacterial colony growth compared with control PMN incubated with albumin or fibrinogen. FDP (10-100 micrograms/ml) inhibited PMN O2- release and chemotaxis stimulated by FMLP by 17-50% (P less than 0.005) and 41% (P less than 0.01), respectively. Fragment E3, and not fragment D1, was primarily responsible for inhibition of FMLP-induced PMN O2- release. Phorbol myristate acetate (10 ng/ml), 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol (10(-6) M), AA (4.2 x 10(-5) M), and zymosan-activated serum-stimulated PMN O2- release were also decreased 37-63% by FDP compared with control protein. There are at least two mechanisms by which FDP may impair PMN responses. With respect to FMLP, FDP (16-100 micrograms/ml) inhibited specific binding to the cell surface over a ligand concentration range of 1.4-85 nM [3H]FMLP. In contrast, FDP did not effect the extent of phorbol ester binding to PMN but blocked activation of protein kinase C. These data suggest that elevated plasma FDP inhibit several PMN functions critical to the bactericidal role of these inflammatory cells.
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PMID:Modulation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte microbicidal activity and oxidative metabolism by fibrinogen degradation products D and E. 254 77