Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Case 1: 75 years old male was admitted to our hospital with anterior chest subcutaneous bleeding. Coagulation study revealed that fibrinogen and alpha 2-PI decreased, and FDP, FPA, B beta 15 approximately 42 and D-dimer increased. Case 2: 78 years old male was admitted to Shingu City Hospital with a left hip subcutaneous hematoma. Coagulation study revealed that fibrinogen, ATIII and alpha 2-PI decreased, and FDP increased. US and CT showed abdominal true aneurysm in both cases. Either severe infection or malignancy was not found. Ticropidine and T-AMCHA were medicated for 8 days in case 1, and for 18 months in case 2. Symptom and coagulation study improved in these cases. Due to some side effects such as appetite loss and liver dysfunction in case 1, and diarrhea in both cases, we changed the therapy to mini-dose heparin therapy. This therapy also proved effective. It is concluded that anti-platelet and anti-fibrinolytic therapy are effective for chronic DIC with abdominal true aneurysm.
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PMID:[Chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation due to abdominal true aneurysm in two cases--effect of anti-platelet and anti-fibrinolytic therapy]. 262 2

Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (thrombocytopenia, consumption coagulopathy, and, occasionally, microangiopathic hemolysis) is an infrequent but often lethal complication of giant capillary hemangiomas in the infant. We report the clinical course of an infant who came to us with this syndrome shortly after birth. She was successfully treated with transfusions of blood products, high-dose oral prednisone, and a fibrinolytic inhibitor, tranexamic acid. No complications of the treatment occurred. The hematological abnormalities resolved completely by 2 years of age. Although prednisone may have been necessary for stabilization and involution of the hemangioma, the addition of tranexamic acid allowed earlier tapering of the steroid therapy and fewer transfusions. Tranexamic acid was extremely well tolerated in this newborn.
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PMID:Tranexamic acid in the treatment of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome in infants. 275 Oct 74

Non-plasmin fibrinolysis enzyme was extracted from the lung and spleen of conventional rats (Thrombos. Haemostas., 1979), although the enzyme was not found in germfree rats, suggesting the possibility that the enzyme may participate in the defence mechanism of the body. The present study was made in an attempt to determine the behavior of non-plasmin fibrinolysis enzyme of the lung tissue in the DIC model of conventional rats induced by a single injection of bacterial endotoxin. The plasminogen-activator activity of the lung tissue, and the fibrinogen level, platelet count, urea nitrogen and plasminogen-activator activity in the blood were also measured. Examination of the lung tissue in the DIC rats indicated a remarkable increase in non-plasmin fibrinolysis activity and a disappearance of plasminogen-activator activity. Inhibitor studies using t-AMCHA and DFP demonstrated that the increased non-plasmin fibrinolysis activity was not derived from activated plasmin, but from serine protease. The disappearance of plasminogen-activator activity in the lung and increase of plasminogen-activator activity in the blood suggested a release of the activator from the lung into the blood due to the endotoxin injection.
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PMID:[Fluctuations in pulmonary fibrin decomposing activities (plasmin and non-plasmin activities) in an endotoxin DIC model in rats]. 622 Oct 92

The developments and trends of hemostatic and antithrombotic drugs in Japan were investigated chronologically for the last 50 years after the 2nd World War. 1. Hemostatic drugs are classified into three groups ; capillary stabilizers, blood coagulants and antifibrinolytics. l) As to capillary stabilizers, flavonoid (rutin, 1949), adrenochrome derivative (carbazochrome, 1954) and conjugated estrogen (Premarin, 1964) were introduced therapeutically. Especially, the soluble types of adrenochrome compounds (Adona 1956, S-Adchnon, 1962) were devised and used widely in Japan. 2) Drugs concerning blood coagulation, thrombin, introduced in 1953, and hemocoagulase, a snake venom introduced in 1966, were used clinically. V.K. groups producing various coagulation factors were introduced as V.K1 (Phytonadione, 1962) and V.K2 (rnenatetrenone,1972), and they were admitted in "The Japanese Pharmacopoeia"editions 8 and 14, respectively). 3) Regarding antifibrinolytic drugs, Japanese researchers have made remarkable contributions. e-Aminocapronic acid (Ipsilon, 1962) and tranexamic acid (Transamin, 1965) were developed and used for various abnormal bleedings or hemorrhage associated with plasmin over-activation. tranexamic acid also proved to suppress inflammations of the throat such as tonsillitis, pharyngitis or laryngitis. 2. Antithrombotic drugs are also divided into three groups; anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs and fibrinolytics.1) The anticoagulants used therapeutically by injection are heparins (Na-salt, 1951; Ca-salt, 1962) and low-molecular-weight heparins such as dalteparin (1992), parnaparin (1994) and reviparin (1999). The low molecule compounds are superior to the original heparins in reducing the risk of bleeding. As oral anticoagulants, coumarin derivatives, dicumarol (1950), ethylbiscoumacetate (1954), phenylindandione (1956) and warfarin (1962) are known. Warfarin potassium is the main drug for oral therapy of thromboembolism lately. Gabexate mesilate (1989) and nafamostat mesilate (1989) were developed in Japan and used for DIC and acute pancreatitis to inhibit protease enzymes. Argatroban is a unique antithrombin product developed by Japanese researchers in 1990, and is used for vascular or cerebral thrombosis. After noticing in 1968 that aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation and prevents myocardial infraction, projects for developing antiplatelet drugs were initiated worldwide. Ticlopidine, originally developed in France, was introduced in 1981 and prevailed widely in Japan for reducing the risk of thrombotic stroke. Aspirin itself was recognized by the FDA (USA) as an antithrombotic drug in 1988, and was also approved by Japanese authorities in 2000. PGE1 clathrate compounds have also been developed as antiplatelet drugs; alprostadil alfadex for injection (1979), and limaprost alfadex for oral use (1988). The PGI2 product, beraprost sodium, for oral use followed them in 1992. Other antiplatelet drugs with unique mechanisms explored in Japan: Ozagrel (1988), which inhibits TXA2 synthetase, cilostazol (1988), which inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase, and sarpogrelate (1993), which blocks 5HT in platelets, are the notable drugs in this field. Ethyl icosapentate, from fish oil, is available for antiplatelet therapy. Concerning the fibrinolytic system, plasminogen activators are useful for thromboembolism. The streptokinase from bacterial origin developed in the USA and Europe was not introduced, and urokinase (1965) was the first plasminogen activator developed in Japan. Then tissue plasminogen activators (t-PA) tisokinase (cell culture, 1991), alteplase (genetical recombination, 1991), nateplase (genetical recombination, 1996), monteplase (1998) and pamiteplase (1998) were developed and approved for acute myocardial infarction. Nasaruplase (prourokinase, cell culture,1991) was also approved for the same indication. While the development of the hemostatic drugs ceased in the 1960s, avid project studies for antithrombotic drugs including fibrinolytics began in the 1980s and are progressing now towards new molecular targets. This may be due to the increasing tendency of cardiovascular thromboembolic diathesis in Japan. (The figures in parentheses are the years approved by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare.)
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PMID:[A 50-year history of new drugs in Japan-the development and trends of hemostatics and antithrombotic drugs]. 1457 69

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an anti-fibrinolytic agent that inhibits plasminogen activation by binding to its lysine receptor sites and preventing its conversion to plasmin. It stabilizes clots to reduce bleeding and has been used in the setting of trauma, heavy menstrual bleeding, and hematologic malignancies. To our knowledge, there is no mention in the literature of medical management with TXA to treat a life-threatening hemorrhage in the setting of non-operative, endoleakage-induced, chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). This case report summarizes the successful use of TXA in a patient with DIC secondary to multiple aortic aneurysms and endoleakage in an effort to stop the expansion of a life-threatening gluteal hematoma not amenable to surgical or vascular intervention.
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PMID:Tranexamic Acid Use in a Patient with a Life-threatening Bleed Exacerbated by Coagulopathy Due to an Aortic Aneurysm with an Endoleak: A Case Report. 3148 76