Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three patients with typhoid fever, initially misdiagnosed, developed intravascular haemolysis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, haemoglobinuria and acute renal failure. 2 of the patients were deficient in erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; Plasmodium falciparum was present in the blood of the third. Among the indigenous population of endemic areas, typhoid fever is the likely diagnosis in any pyrexial illness associated with haemoglobinuric renal failure.
 ...
PMID:Haemoglobinuric renal failure and typhoid fever. 323 92

The effects of sodium chlorate and of sodium nitrite on human erythrocytes were studied in vitro. Nitrite rapidly oxidised haemoglobin and glutathione; reduction of methaemoglobin (Hbi) by methylene blue was complete during 3 h of incubation with nitrite. With chlorate, a concentration-dependent lag phase was seen before Hbi was formed. After prolonged incubation, Hbi could no longer be reduced with methylene blue. Several other effects were observed that explain the clinical picture of chlorate poisoning which involves haemolysis followed by disseminated intravascular coagulation and renal failure: increased permeability to cations, increased resistance to hypotonic haemolysis and prolonged filtration time through polycarbonate membranes with cylindrical pores of 5 micron diameter. This suggests an increased membrane rigidity due to membrane protein polymerisation, as demonstrated by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Simultaneously, erythrocyte enzymes were inactivated, primarily glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase which is necessary for the therapeutic effect of methylene blue. This explains the inefficacy of methylene blue in the treatment of a case of chlorate poisoning that we observed (Arch. Toxicol., 48 (1981) 281).
 ...
PMID:Erythrocyte membrane alterations as the basis of chlorate toxicity. 671 May 38

We investigated the mechanism of enzyme immobilization on silanized surfaces through coupling agents (cross-linkers) in order to understand the role of these molecules on interfacial processes and their effect on catalytic activity. To this end, we used a model multimeric enzyme (G6PDH) and several cross-linking molecules with different chemical properties, including the nature of the end-group (-NCO, -NCS, -CHO), the connecting chain (aliphatic vs aromatic), and geometrical constraints (meta vs para-disubstituted aromatics). There did not seem to be radical differences in the mechanism of enzyme adsorption according to the linker used as judged from QCM-D, except that in the case of DIC (1,4-phenylene diisocyanate) the adsorption occurred more rapidly. In contrast, the nature of the cross-linker exerted a strong influence on the amount of enzyme immobilized as estimated from XPS, and more unexpectedly on the stability of the underlying silane layer. DIC, PDC (1,4-phenylene diisothiocyanate), or GA (glutaraldehyde) allowed successful enzyme immobilization. When the geometry of the linker was changed from 1,4-phenylene diisothiocyanate to 1,3-phenylene diisothiocyanate (MDC), the silane layer was subjected to degradation, upon enzyme adsorption, and the amount of immobilized molecules was significantly lowered. TE (terephtalaldehyde) and direct enzyme deposition without cross-linker were similar to MDC. The organization of immobilized enzymes also depended on the immobilization procedure, as different degrees of aggregation were observed by AFM. A correlation between the size of the aggregates and the catalytic properties of the enzyme was established, suggesting that aggregation may enhance the thermostability of the multimeric enzyme, probably through a compaction of the 3D structure.
...
PMID:Enzyme immobilization on silane-modified surface through short linkers: fate of interfacial phases and impact on catalytic activity. 2463 92