Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Underlying diseases, complications, clinical findings, and laboratory findings were evaluated in 158 cases of septicaemia admitted to Jikei University Hospital from 1975 to 1994, in order to conjectured factors that prescribe for the prognosis. 50% of the patients had underlying diseases. Malignancy including leukaemia (31 cases, 39.2%) was the most common underlying disease, followed by low birth weight infant (17 cases, 21.5%), aplastic anemia (9 case, 11.4%), and congenital heart disease (7 cases, 8.9%). The death rate for patients with underlying disease (27.8%) was significantly greater than the mortality for normal patients with septicaemia (8.9%) (p < 0.05). Meningitis (24.7%) was the most common complication, followed by DIC (19.6%), shock (15.2%), and pneumonia (10.8%). The mortality rate of septicaemia complicated by shock was 66.7% (p < 0.01), and that complicated by DIC was 45.2% (p < 0.01). The mortality rate for patients with the clinical findings of respiratory distress, cough, abdominal distention, cyanosis, splenomegaly, or peripheral coldness was more than 40% and significantly greater (p < 0.01). Mortality rate in patients with granulocyte counts of < 4.000/mm3, platelet counts of < 5 x 10(4)/ mm3, total protein of < 5.0 g/dl, or ESR of < 20 mm/hr were significantly greater (p < 0.01) than those in patients with normal laboratory findings. Coincidence rate of blood and stool cultures was 57.9% for E. coli, and 28.6% for Klebsiella sp., and that of blood and throat cultures was more than 30% for Pseudomonas sp., Haemophilus influenzae, and Staphylococcus aureus. In the study of antimicrobial susceptibility for microorganisms isolated, the number of drug resistant S. aureus had increased in the last 10 years.
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PMID:[Study on septicaemia in infants and children in the past 20 years. Part 2. An analysis of factors that prescribe for the prognosis]. 889 May 45

Human ehrlichiosis is a zoonotic disease, caused by a rickettsia that infects leukocytes. It was described for the first time in the United States of America in 1986. More than 300 cases have been reported in that country. One case has been reported in Portugal, two in France and one more in a tourist coming from Mali (Africa). In Venezuela, a tropical country, where ehrlichiosis is endemic in dogs and horses, the first case of human ehrlichiosis is reported in a seventeen month old girl. She initially had symptoms compatible with a viral illness. Then she developed a rash, acute respiratory failure, hepato-splenomegaly, neurologic abnormalities, renal failure and hematologic alterations including pancytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Different diagnoses were given before it was concluded that it was a case of ehrlichiosis. She was treated with tetracycline and very soon recovered. The initial diagnosis was made using buffy coat blood smears stained with Diff Quick Stain. Indirect Immunofluorescence (IFA) test was used to detect antibodies against Ehrlichia chaffeensis (1:126) but not to other rickettsias. Also the presence of platelets with ehrlichia bodies similar to E. platys from dogs, it was demonstrated, in peripheral blood from the child. The presence of these bodies in human platelets has not been previously reported. In this case, it could not be proved that the disease was transmitted by a tick bite. The presence of ehrlichia bodies in platelets from the girl's peripheral blood is also described.
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PMID:[Human ehrlichiosis: report of the 1st case in Venezuela]. 892 30

A breast cancer patient with bone metastases showed a marked response to treatment with a bisphosphonate, an inhibitor of osteoclastic bone resorption. The patient was admitted to our hospital with hypercalcemia, widespread bone metastases and severe disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). We treated her conservatively with pamidronate and gabexate mesilate, because the patient had refused any anti-cancer chemotherapy. She showed marked improvement in performance status, hypercalcemia, DIC and tumor markers, whereas splenomegaly due to metastasis progressed. These results suggest that pamidronate has the potential to suppress metastatic tumor growth selectively in bone.
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PMID:A remarkable improvement of clinical manifestations in a breast cancer patient with widespread bone metastases after administration of pamidronate. 947 53

Clinical signs and haematological abnormalities of haemophagocytic syndrome of unknown origin are described for a male, nine-year-old rottweiler referred because of weakness, depression, mild weight loss and relapsing fever. Mucous membranes were pale and the spleen was enlarged. Ultrasonography revealed diffuse irregular structures in the enlarged spleen, and cytological examination of multiple fine needle aspirates of the spleen demonstrated extramedullary haematopoiesis. Haematological examination revealed pancytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation. A bone marrow smear contained numerous marrow macrophages with a cytologically benign appearance, containing phagocytosed haematopoietic cells. The dog died one week after referral. The differential diagnosis is discussed.
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PMID:Haemophagocytic syndrome with disseminated intravascular coagulation in a dog. 957 64

The case of a 7-year-old girl with a 2 year history of easy bruising associated with thrombocytopenia is reported. On admission she presented with ecchymoses, abdominal distention and splenomegaly. Hemostasis investigation revealed a consumption coagulopathy. Several radiological studies failed to confirm the diagnosis of diffuse splenic and visceral hemangiomatosis, which was eventually established by an explorative laparotomy. Platelet count and the other coagulation abnormalities progressively returned to normal after splenectomy, although the remaining hemangiomas were extensive.
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PMID:Diffuse splenic and visceral hemangiomas complicated by chronic consumption coagulopathy. 974 87

We compared lethal toxicity and potential for splenomegaly and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) of the lipid A derivative DT-5461 with those of compound 506 (C506) and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). These agents were given intravenously, by either bolus intravenous injection (2 ml/min) or drip infusion (3 ml/4 h), into the tail vein of rats under various regimens. In naive rats, the lethal dose after bolus intravenous injection was clearly higher than that after drip infusion for C506 and LPS, but not for DT-5461. In partially hepatectomized or D-galactosamine-treated rats, a marked enhancement of the lethality was observed for all agents relative to that in naive rats. Splenomegaly was commonly seen in all surviving rats after treatment, and histopathological examination revealed lymphoid hyperplasia in the B-cell area of the white pulp zone and lympho-reticular cell proliferation of the red pulp zone. When administered intravenously by drip infusion to rats pretreated with 0.4 M lactic acid, both C506 and LPS provoked DIC. This was manifested by a decrease in platelet counts, prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and an increase in fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), with hepatocellular necrosis and glomercular fibrin thrombus formation. In contrast, DT-5461 showed no such toxic events with the same protocol. In14-day intravenous toxicity studies of DT-5461, rats were more susceptible to hepatocellular necrosis and splenomegaly than squirrel monkeys. These results demonstrate that DT-5461 is a promising compound, with antitumor activity dissociated from its toxic potential.
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PMID:Toxic characteristics of the synthetic lipid A derivative DT-5461 in rats and monkeys. 1041 79

To know the clinical characteristics and the prognostic factors of hyperleukocytic acute leukemia, we reviewed 244 patients with acute leukemia associated with hyperleukocytosis. Restrospective analysis and control study were used. Hyperleukocytosis occured in 8.5% of patients with acute leukemia. Hyperleukocytosis in ALL was more common than that in AML. Among AML with hyperleukocytosis, M5 subtype was the most. Hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, DIC and CNSL were more frequent in hyperleukocytosis group. The complete remission rate was 41.4% for patients with hyperleukocytosis versus 54.2% for patients with non-hyperleukocytosis. The early mortality rate was significantly increased in hyperleukocytic patients (23.8%) as compared to the nonhyperleukocytic group (11.1%). Intracranial hemorrhage was the main cause of early death. The high risk factors of early death were: hemoglobin < or = 40 g/L, blood platelet < or = 30 x 10(9)/L, DIC, infection, CNSL at presentation. Acute leukemia with hyperleukocytosis has poor prognosis. Especially, acute myeloid leukemia with hyperleukocytosis must be taken seriously because of high early mortality rate.
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PMID:[244 patients with hyperleukocytic acute leukemia. Shanghai Leukemia Cooperation Group]. 1043 59

Sixty cases of P. falciparum and 165 cases of P. vivax were studied clinically along with species identification of parasite after examination of the blood slide by experts at Calcutta. It was observed that malaria had been changing its clinical profile. The classic paroxysm is evident only in 40% cases of P. falciparum and 47.27% of P. vivax malaria, but the difference between the two groups is not statistically significant. On the other hand continuous or remittent type of fever has been observed in 40% and 27.27% cases of P. falciparum and P. vivax respectively, while absence of classic paroxysms of fever, in association with splenomegaly when present, poses a diagnostic difficulty with enteric fever. Association of jaundice in 40% and 9.09% cases with P. falciparum and P. vivax respectively along with hepatomegaly in 80% and 63.63% in them in conjunction with nausea and/or vomiting leads to clinical mimicry with infective hepatitis. Splenomegaly which has been described as cardinal feature of malaria was observed in 40% cases with P. falciparum and only in 18.18% cases of P. vivax malaria and this is a clear deviation from earlier description and this difference between the two groups is highly significant at 99% level of confidence. Co-existent enteric fever was observed in 3.33% of falciparum and 2.6% of vivax malaria, though this difference is not statistically significant. Acute respiratory distress was observed in 6.6% of P. falciparum malaria only. Oliguria with impaired renal function was noted in 5% cases of P. falciparum malaria. The present study has also noted convulsion or coma in 8.33%, purpura with disseminated intravascular coagulation in 3.33% and black water fever in 3.33% cases in falciparum malaria which were not observed in cases with vivax malaria and these differences are statistically significant. However, stupor with bilateral extensor planter response was observed in two cases (1.3%) of vivax malaria.
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PMID:Changing scenario of malaria: a study at Calcutta. 1044 29

Splenectomy in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is performed for either diagnostic or therapeutic reasons. We report on a series of 29 patients with NHL and splenomegaly who underwent splenectomy during the years 1979-1998 in our hospital. According to the indication for splenectomy our patients were categorized in three groups. Group A: In 20 patients splenectomy was performed for diagnostic reasons. Group B: Three patients were splenectomized for autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA). Group C: Six patients underwent splenectomy because of hypersplenism. A definitive histopathological diagnosis of NHL was obtained in all patients of group A. Hypersplenism and AIHA were resolved in all patients after splenectomy. One (3.5%) patient died postoperatively because of septicemia complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation. Six postoperative complications were observed in 4 (14%) patients. Splenectomy, with an acceptable surgical risk, has the potential to establish the diagnosis of NHL in patients with splenomegaly without lymphadenopathy and negative bone marrow findings. Moreover, splenectomy has the capacity to modify the disease course in patients with NHL complicated by AIHA or hypersplenism.
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PMID:Splenectomy in patients with malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 1099 79

A 45-year-old Japanese woman with splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia was referred to our hospital. The diagnosis of Osler-Weber-Rendu disease (Osler's disease) was made because of spotty telangiectasia on her tongue, recurrent epistaxis since childhood, and a diathesis indicated by her family history. The patient's laboratory examination revealed anemia, thrombocytopenia, and other data consistent with chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Bone marrow examination was normal. Abdominal computed tomography showed marked enlargement of the spleen with deformity and calcified plaque, not homogeneously enhancing. Hypersplenism was not observed. Platelet scintigraphy indicated a remarkable uptake in the spleen. She was diagnosed as having chronic DIC associated with vascular lesions of Osler's disease in the spleen. Splenectomy was performed and the subsequent pathological findings indicated that fragility of the fine vascular architecture of the splenic red pulp might have been responsible for pathogenesis. The large pooling of blood with coagulation was thought to be secondary.
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PMID:Splenomegaly and chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation in Osler-Weber-Rendu disease: a case report. 1107 62


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