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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To examine the pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia associated with liver cirrhosis, the platelet count, spleen size and serum cholinesterase levels were measured together with plasma concentration of beta-thromboglobulin, fibrinopeptide A and serum albumin in 38 patients with histologically proven, severe but stable liver cirrhosis. The spleen size contributed most significantly to thrombocytopenia in this disorder and the serum cholinesterase level also correlated with the platelet count, both in decompensated and compensated liver cirrhosis. Plasma beta-thromboglobulin, serum fibrinopeptide A levels and serum albumin did not correlate with the platelet count. These findings indicate that disseminated intravascular coagulation is not likely to be the cause of thrombocytopenia in liver cirrhosis. Splenomegaly as well as the diminished protein synthetic activity of the liver participates in the pathogenesis of the thrombocytopenia in this disease.
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PMID:Thrombocytopenia in liver cirrhosis. 261 53

Thirty thrombocytopaenic patients of acute leukaemias and myelodysplastic syndrome were transfused platelets collected from ABO-matched donors using Haemonetics V30 and V50 blood processors. Twenty-seven patients had septicaemia and/or splenomegaly; 2 patients had disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Pre-transfusion platelet count was 11.0 +/- 4.0 X 10(9)/L. The mean corrected count increments (CCI) 1 hour and 18 hours post-transfusion were 13.02 X 10(9)/L and 3.88 X 10(9)/L respectively, in the absence of DIC. Active bleeding stopped when platelet count was above 15.0 X 10(9)/L. There was no difference between the platelet yield from two blood processors.
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PMID:Platelet transfusion therapy in thrombocytopaenia of haematologic malignancies. 276 61

We observed and recorded clinical and laboratory data from 54 children with fever and a maculo-papular rash admitted to Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel suffering from serologically confirmed rickettsial spotted fever. The rash generally began on the palms and soles and extended centripetally to the torso. Other clinical findings included myalgia, headache, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly. None had a "tache noire". A left shift in the white cells, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, hyponatraemia and impaired liver function tests were common laboratory abnormalities. All recovered following oral doxycycline therapy. Serious sequelae such as myocarditis, encephalitis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation, as reported in Rocky Mountain spotted fever, did not occur.
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PMID:Israeli rickettsial spotted fever in children. A review of 54 cases. 288 43

To determine the relative importance of clinical factors on the efficacy of platelet transfusions, 941 pooled platelet transfusions from HLA-unmatched donors were studied prospectively in 133 patients with bone marrow failure. Multiple linear regression analyses identified the major factors influencing one-hour-corrected increments (CI) as prior splenectomy, bone marrow transplantation, disseminated intravascular coagulation, concurrent intravenous amphotericin B, splenomegaly, and HLA antibody grade. The relative impact of these factors on CI has been quantitated by using a formula developed from these data. A linear relationship was demonstrated between increasing percentage of HLA antibody grade and decreasing CI. A number of other factors were less important in the linear regression model than the aforementioned major factors. These included platelet-specific antibodies, concurrent antibacterial antibiotics, clinical bleeding grade, and temperature. Factors that did not influence CI included the number of prior platelet transfusions, prior granulocyte transfusions, prior red cell transfusions, infection, age, blood group, diagnosis, sex, pretransfusion platelet count, prior pregnancies, and concurrent antineoplastic drugs. This study identified major clinical factors that significantly influenced CI and were major causes of refractoriness to pooled platelet transfusions.
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PMID:Clinical factors influencing the efficacy of pooled platelet transfusions. 333 3

Hemangioendothelioma is seldom seen in adults. Its severe evolution is due, not so much to the exceptional transformation into hemangiosarcoma, but mainly to haemorrhagic complications by rupture or consumption coagulopathy and to severe cardiac insuffficiency secondary to arteriovenous shunts. The case reported here concerns a 64 year-old woman presenting pain in the left hypochondrium and splenomegaly. A splenectomy was performed and the histological findings were compatible with the diagnosis of hepato-splenoganglionic hemangioendothelioma. The evolution was unfavorable. The patient died a few months later in a picture of haemorrhagic syndrome and cardiac insufficiency. Histological findings on autopsy specimens indicated a cavernous hemangioma. The treatment of these diffuse hemangiomas is a difficult one. Hepatic artery ligation has been advocated in certain desperate situations. Nevertheless, because of a collateral circulation, recurrences are frequent.
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PMID:[Lymph node-hepatosplenic hemangioma in an adult with consumption coagulopathy and fatal cardiac insufficiency]. 343 34

Hepatic venocclusive disease (VOD) is a frequent complication of bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Analysis of 13 cases observed during a 3-year period in our BMT center shows that VOD is associated with a constant peripheral thrombocytopenia and refractoriness to platelet transfusion. These signs appear in the very early stage of VOD, five to ten days before the classical signs, painful hepatomegaly and sudden weight gain. Analysis of platelet consumption, frequency of platelet transfusion and platelet recovery, and examination of known causes of peripheral thrombocytopenia (mainly allo- and autoimmunization, disseminated intravascular coagulation [DIC] and splenomegaly) lead to the conclusions that this association is not coincidental. The exact mechanism of platelet consumption in VOD is unknown.
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PMID:Thrombocytopenia in venocclusive disease after bone marrow transplantation or chemotherapy. 351 36

This is the report of a female infant ten weeks of age, who was admitted to our hospital with hyperpyrexia, hemolytic anemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The further course of the disease was characterized by: continuing hemolysis resulting in severe normochromic, normocytic anemia, unrelenting disseminated intravascular coagulation, increasing hepato-splenomegaly with hyperbilirubinemia and ascites. No causative infectious organism could be identified. The infant died at the age of 14 weeks from respiratory insufficiency. Autopsy revealed massive hepato-splenomegaly, ascites and bilateral pneumonia. Histologic evaluation demonstrated lymphohistiocytic infiltrates of the periportal areas of the liver, the spleen and lymphnodes. Meninges were infiltered by macrophages with ingested erythrocytes. Differential diagnosis includes an infection with leptospira icterohemorrhagica (Weils disease) and erythrophagocytosis observed after various viral infections. Also histiocytosis X or malignant histiocytosis has to be taken into consideration. The most probable diagnosis in our patient is that of familiar hemophagocytic reticulosis although the familiarity in our patient was lacking. Intra vitam diagnosis can only be established by liver biopsy which could not be performed in our patient due to the severe coagulation disturbance.
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PMID:[Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (case report)]. 358 93

Blood platelets were assayed in 56 cirrhosis patients divided into two groups: alcoholic cirrhosis (20 cases) and non-alcoholic cirrhosis (36 cases). Each group was also divided into two sub-groups: with and without clinical signs of portal hypertension. Low platelet counts were found in both groups (greater than 70%), the incidence being high in the sub-group with clinical signs of portal hypertension. Alcohol appeared to have no influence on the development of platelet insufficiency which was rather correlated with the severity of the hepatopathy, the presence of splenomegaly (splenic sequestration), immunological factors, (presence of circulating antiplatelet antibodies) and "consumption" phenomena (significant incidence of circulating FDP, and indicator of chronic Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation).
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PMID:[Thrombopenia and cirrhosis. Study of 56 cases]. 367 Jun 96

Sixteen dogs with lymphoma underwent splenectomy to relieve signs of massive splenomegaly including splenic rupture. The most common preoperative hematologic abnormalities, anemia and thrombocytopenia, were reversed in all dogs surviving the initial postoperative period. Within 6 weeks after surgery, 5 dogs died because of disseminated intravascular coagulation and sepsis. The remaining 11 dogs underwent chemotherapy. These 11 dogs had a complete response rate of 66% at one month after surgery; the mean and median survival times were 9.3 and 5 months, respectively. In 7 dogs evaluated until death, the mean and median survival times were 13.4 months and 14 months, respectively.
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PMID:Use of splenectomy in the management of lymphoma in dogs: 16 cases (1976-1985). 367 80

The effectiveness of platelet concentrate transfusion depends on such variables as blood bag material, donor--recipient compatibility, and time elapsed between donation and transfusion. To study the latter a corrected thrombocyte increment for recovery in the recipients was evaluated with 108 platelet transfusions in 31 patients. In 83 treatment programs, the mean recovery at the one-hour post-transfusion time point was 8.6 X 10(9) platelets/l with fresh platelets and 5.9 X 10(9) platelets/l with stored platelets. Significantly better recovery was achieved with freshly prepared platelet over the total of platelet concentrates stored for up to 96 hours; however, if the recoveries in different patient groups given stored platelets were considered separately in terms of storage times of up to 48 h or 48-96 h, the good recovery with fresh platelets was significantly better only when compared to the older (p = 0.034) but not to the younger group of stored platelets. In patients with signs indicating enhanced platelet destruction (fever, splenomegaly, disseminated intravascular coagulation) the transfusion with fresh platelet concentrates gave a significantly better recovery compared to stored platelet concentrates (p = 0.028), whereas in the absence of such signs the recovery produced by fresh concentrates was not significantly higher than with stored concentrates. These findings may be relevant for the logistics in blood banking.
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PMID:Comparison of posttransfusion recoveries achieved with either fresh or stored platelet concentrates. 382 38


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