Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An abdominal eumycotic mycetoma with multiorgan dissemination was diagnosed in a 2-year-old dog. Clinical signs included fever, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, and a palpable abdominal mass. The dog developed disseminated intravascular coagulation and died. Pseudallescheria boydii was isolated from the abdominal mass, liver, and peritoneal fluid. Relevant history included an ovariohysterectomy when the dog was 6 months old, which was complicated by dehiscence of the incision site and evisceration. It appears that P boydii has a propensity for establishing itself in the abdominal cavity of the dog, subsequent to surgical dehiscence.
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PMID:Eumycotic mycetoma caused by Pseudallescheria boydii in the abdominal cavity of a dog. 334 83

Five episodes of nontyphoid salmonella infection following total hip replacement in four patients were studied. In three patients the infection occurred in the immediate postoperative period while prophylactic antibiotics were being administered. The fourth patient had bilateral total hip replacements five years apart with two nontyphoid salmonella infections, one immediately after the first operation (during antibiotic prophylaxis) and the second four years after the second operation. In addition to local infection, clinical manifestations included fever (all patients), diarrhea (three patients), deep prosthetic infection (two patients), and shock with disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute renal failure (one patient). In addition to antibiotic therapy, removal of the prosthesis was necessary for cure in three patients. All patients recovered. Hematogenous spread was thought likely in all cases. Four of five salmonella isolates were resistant to ampicillin and chloramphenicol. A review of the English-language literature yielded information on five additional cases of nontyhpoid salmonella infection after total hip replacement in four patients.
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PMID:Nontyphoid salmonellosis in patients with total hip replacement: report of four cases and review of the literature. 354 Nov 30

Two infants are described with a fulminant disorder characterised by profound circulatory collaps and shock, generalised convulsions and unremitting coma, bleeding due to severe DIC, fever, diarrhoea, metabolic acidosis and renal and hepatic failure. Both infants died shortly after onset of the symptoms. Autopsy mainly revealed haemorrhages in different organs, anoxaemic lesions in the brain and a normal structure of liver and pancreas. No causative agent could be demonstrated. We believe that both patients suffered from haemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy, a mostly fatal disorder which has recently been described. Although the clinical and biochemical features are very distinctive, this syndrome is probably heterogeneous and its differentiation from some other disorders may be difficult. Its pathogenesis is unknown but there are some indications that intravascular activity of trypsin may play a role. During a study of the two families we obtained abnormal results of immunologic tests in most members: the interpretation of this finding remains conjectural. Haemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy may occur more frequently than the restricted literature on this subject suggests. Future studies will have to deal with the question of identity and pathogenesis.
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PMID:Haemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy. 373 33

We modified the rabbit model for enteric infection by Vibrio cholerae developed by Spira et al. and designated the RITARD (for removable intestinal tie-adult rabbit diarrhea) model (20). Our modification DISC comprises a permanent ligation of the cecum (C) to prevent resorption of the fluid secreted by the small intestine, a temporary ligation of the small intestine (S) to enable the bacteria to colonize, and duodenal inoculation (DI) of the challenge material. The main difference between RITARD and DISC is that in the latter model the challenge material is injected into the duodenum approximately 10 cm distal to the stomach instead of into the jejunum. Four out of 5 V. cholerae strains tested, including 2 serotypes and 2 biotypes, were able to elicit a massive and usually fatal cholera-like diarrhea. The virulence depended strongly on the culturing conditions. One strain, C5, caused fatal diarrhea in a dose of about 1000 organisms, even if the temporary ligation was omitted (DIC model). Other modifications were the DIS and the DI model in which the permanent ligature of the cecum or both ligatures were omitted. Duodenal inoculation of organisms in a dose of 100 X the minimum infective dose (MID) in the DIS or DI model did not cause any disease symptom. However, such inoculations were found to cause protection against subsequent challenges with 100 X MID of homologous and heterologous organisms up to 52 weeks after duodenal inoculation. Subcutaneous injection with classical, whole cell cholera vaccine gave only partial protection of short duration. This model might contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of cholera as well as to the improvement of efficacy testing of cholera vaccines.
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PMID:Vibrio cholerae infection and acquired immunity in an adult rabbit model. 400 31

In the past year, ten infants have been admitted to hospital with a new or previously unrecognised disorder, characterised by an acute onset of encephalopathy, fever, shock, watery diarrhoea, severe disseminated intravascular coagulation, and renal and hepatic dysfunction. Seven of the infants died. No specific causative agent has been identified, but preliminary studies suggest that the pathophysiology of the disease may involve release of proteolytic enzymes (such as trypsin) into the circulation, with destruction of the microcirculation.
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PMID:Haemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy: a new syndrome with a high mortality in young children. 613 58

A 27-year-old white woman with anorexia, abdominal pain, arthralgias, spiking fever, diarrhea, and bizarre neurologic symptoms developed yellowish-gray plaques surrounded by hemorrhage in the posterior choroid of both eyes. Progressive thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinoginemia, and accelerated fibrinolysis supported the diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Death occurred from complications of DIC. Widespread thrombotic occlusion of small blood vessels was present in numerous organs, including the posterior choriocapillaris and larger choroidal vessels of both eyes. Other ocular vessels were normal.
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PMID:Ocular involvement in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). 663 74

The entity of the variable pictures of an illness summed up by the description "toxic shock syndrome" has been focussed on by a great number of publications in Northern America since 1978, but has been described scarcely until yet in Germany. An etiological relationship with formerly described "toxic scarlet fever" and "Kawasaki syndrome" is to be discussed. This case in charge deals with a 25-year-old female patient, who developed acutely without any former disease during her menstruation an illness of severe clinical presentation. The findings were high fever, arterial hypotension, and reversible renal failure, watery diarrhea and vomitus , different cutaneous manifestations and signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation, and severe thrombocytopenia with bleeding mucosal ulcerations. Massive growth of Staphylococcus aureus was demonstrable as well as growth of Proteus mirabilis and E. coli in a culture of vaginal smear.
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PMID:[Toxic shock syndrome]. 667 73

The purpose of this study was to detect possible factors related to the occurrence of DIC in carcinoma patients. I) We studied 20 carcinoma cases accompanied with DIC. Results; The carcinomas most frequently accompanied with DIC were cancers of the biliary system, gastric, hepatic and pancreatic cancer, especially those with distant metastases. Pneumonia, UTI and biliary tract infections seemed to be the most important triggers of DIC. No significant relationship was found between anti-cancer chemotherapy and the DIC incidence. Endotoxemia was more frequently detected in patients having received anti-cancer drugs than in those who not. II) The effects of anti-cancer chemotherapy on the incidence of endotoxemia was examined in rats. A higher incidence of endotoxemia was noted in the groups treated with high doses of 5-FU or Cyclophosphamide. The incidence of endotoxemia seemed to run parallel with the incidence of diarrhea and of weight loss in each animal group.
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PMID:[Clinical and experimental studies on DIC found in carcinoma; correlation between anti-cancer drug administration and endotoxemia]. 687 46

Two young women with toxic shock syndrome are reported and compared with three previous New Zealand cases. Both presented with fulminant diarrhoea, confusion, collapse and an erythematous desquamating rash. One, complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation, rhabdomyolysis, myoglobinuria and renal failure, recovered following peritoneal dialysis. At the onset of their illnesses both were menstruating and using tampons. Light growths of Staphylococcus aureus were cultured from the vagina in one case and the faeces in the other. Successful treatment depended on a vigorous intensive care regime.
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PMID:Staphylococcal toxic shock: two fulminant cases with recovery. 695 24

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is a potentially fatal illness caused by a particular strain of Staphylococcus aureus. The clinical presentation is similar to that of septic shock. The incidence of TSS peaked in the late 1970s and early 1980s, probably as a result of availability of super absorbent tampons. Although most commonly associated with menstruation, the overall incidence of menstrual and nonmenstrual TSS in men and women ranges from 1 to 3 per 100,000. There are almost equal numbers of menstrual and nonmenstrual cases of TSS identified annually. S aureus, the causative microorganism in cases of TSS, has been isolated from many body tissues. Toxic shock syndrome presents as a flu-like illness with high fever, vomiting, diarrhea, general malaise, and muscle weakness. Nursing and medical management focus on controlling or preventing potentially serious complications, such as adult respiratory distress syndrome, renal failure, electrolyte imbalances, disseminated intravascular coagulation, encephalopathy, and cardiomyopathy. Judicious use of tampons and barrier contraceptive devices may decrease the risk of developing TSS.
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PMID:Toxic shock syndrome: an opportunity for nursing intervention. 865


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