Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The mechanism of the early stage of metastasis formation by sticky blood-born cancer cells is discussed. Abnormal platelet aggregation to circulating and lodged cancer cells, as well as alterations of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis play an important role. The reducing effect of several platelet aggregation inhibitors on cancer cell stickiness and tumor embolism mortality has been investigated in rats after intravenous transplantation of 1 X 10(6) Walker-256 carcinosarcoma cells. The tested substances diminished platelet aggregation to circulating cancer cells, leading to a dose-dependent inhibition of cancer cell lodgment to the endothelium. Furthermore, some of the substances prevented lethal pulmonary tumor cell embolism which was observed in 60% of the controls. These results are interpreted by assuming an inhibition of disseminated intravascular coagulation which occured after intravenous transplantation of Walker-256 carcinosarcoma. On this basis a clinical long-term study for metastasis prophylaxis was started more than 4 years ago with one of the tested substances, the dipyridamole derivative RA 233, in 40 patients with sarcoma or malignant lymphoma of the head and neck region. The provisional results obtained in matched pairs are discussed.
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PMID:Platelet-cancer cell interaction in metastasis formation: a possible therapeutic approcach to metastasis prophylaxis. 26 96

Five days following implantation of a Yoshida sarcoma, female rats developed an increase in plasma fibrinogen concentration and a decrease in the number of platelets. The endotoxin induced fibrinisation of the microcirculation, as measured in percent involvement of glomerula, was found to be five to ten times higher than in control animals. A single injection of endotoxin without infusion was sufficient in tumor bearing animals to induce glomerular capillary thrombosis. The Yoshida sarcoma induced pathophysiological changes with a "preparative" effect on the endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation.
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PMID:Preparation for disseminated intravascular coagulation by Yoshida sarcoma in rats. 63 18

A rapidly growing haemangioendothelial sarcoma of the liver in a twenty-two year old woman was treated by liver transplantation. Disseminated intravascular coagulation resulted in massive blood loss during surgery, and contributed to the death of the patient from respiratory failure on the fourth post-operative day, despite continuous post-operative intermittent positive-pressure ventilation. Other factors leading to her respiratory failure are discussed. There was no evidence of dysfunction in the transplanted liver.
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PMID:Respiratory failure after liver transplantation. 110 48

Thirty-two children with solid tumors (lymphangioma, fibrosarcoma, hepatocarcinoma, osteogenic sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, lymphosarcoma, mesenchymoma, hepatoma, Ewing's sarcoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, neuroblastoma, Hodgkin's disease, and brain tumors) were studied for alterations in coagulation by means of platelet counts, platelet aggregation, thrombelastogram, procoagulant and antigenic factor VIII, fibrin split products, and antithrombin III level. Results indicated hypercoagulability as shown by abnormally short thrombelastograms and elevated factor VIII levels and platelet counts in approximately one-half of the group. With the exception of increased fibrin split products in a third of the patients, little laboratory or clinical evidence for disseminated intravascular coagulation was seen. Hypercoagulability, as noted in adult carcinoma patients, can also occur in childhood sarcoma patients.
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PMID:Hypercoagulability in childhood cancer. 120 73

Over the past 15 years, reconstruction following excision of malignant oral tumors was performed on 27 patients with segmental resection and five patients with hemiresection of the mandible. Following segmental resection, the mandible was reconstructed using an autogenous bone graft in eight patients in whom the surrounding soft tissues were fairly well preserved. Bony union was achieved in six of them. In the remaining two, the graft was removed because of postoperative infection, and one patient underwent secondary bone grafting. A pedicled myocutaneous flap and bone graft was used in seven patients who underwent extensive resection of the surrounding soft tissue. Bony union was achieved in three patients, and one developed pseudoarthrosis. The graft was removed in the remaining three because of postoperative infection. Reconstruction with only a metallic plate for stabilization of the mandible was carried out in six aged or sarcoma-affected patients. In two of them, the postoperative course was uneventful for 4 to 7 years. In the remaining four patients, plate removal was required because of exposure or tumor recurrence. In 5 of 11 patients in whom reconstruction was carried out with a combination of a pedicled myocutaneous flap and metallic plate, the postoperative course was uneventful for 2 to 8 years. Two of these five patients underwent secondary bone grafting. In four of the remaining six patients, the plate was removed because of exposure or improper adaptation to the stump. Two others died of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome within 1 month. A prosthesis was used more frequently by patients when reconstruction was performed using a pedicled osteomyocutaneous flap. The metallic reconstruction plate was helpful for restoring mandibular contour.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Evaluation of mandibular reconstruction techniques following resection of malignant tumors in the oral region. 172 55

This protocol study (SWOG-7431) combining adriamycin and methyl CCNU (MAD) for metastatic sarcomas was initially used on patients who were refractory to cytoxan, vincristine, and/or actinomycin-D. After the initial good results, the study was expanded to include any untreated patients with metastatic sarcoma. The initial starting dose of adriamycin was 60 mg/M2 on day 1 and 45 mg/M2 on day 22. Methyl CCNU was given once every six weeks at an initial dose of 150 mg/M2 orally. Fifty-five patients received therapy and 53 were evaluable for response. The complete remission rate was 9.4%. The partial remission rate was 35.9%, with a total complete and partial remission rate of 45.3%. The median survival time was ten months. When the combination of cytoxan, DIC, vincristine and adriamycin was used, the response rate was similar and the median survival time in eligible patients was 10 months. The methyl CCNU and adriamycin combination is more convenient for the patient because it necessitates fewer clinic visits and significantly fewer injections than other combinations. These data suggest that treatment with methyl CCNU, when combined with adriamycin, increases the response rate and survival time over adriamycin alone, but that the response is similar to that seen with the combination of cytoxan, DIC, vincristine, and adriamycin.
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PMID:Methyl CCNU and adriamycin for patients with metastatic sarcomas: a Southwest Oncology Group study. 739 20

Ten percent (214/2,059) of all dogs with cancer at North Carolina State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital had thrombocytopenia. The thrombocytopenia was associated with infectious/inflammatory etiologies in 4%, miscellaneous disorders (therapy, bone marrow failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation) in 35%, and neoplasia without identifiable secondary factors in 61% of cancer-bearing dogs. Classifying these dogs by tumor groups revealed the following proportionate ratios: lymphoid, 29%; carcinoma, 28%; sarcoma, 20%; hemic neoplasia, 7%; multiple, 5%; unclassified, 3%; benign, 3%; brain, 3%; and endocrine, 3%. Dogs with hemangiosarcoma, lymphoma, and melanoma were at increased risk of developing thrombocytopenia. Cytotoxic therapy was the major factor increasing the risk of thrombocytopenia in dogs with melanoma. Golden Retrievers were the only breed recognized with a predisposition to develop thrombocytopenia. If thrombocytopenia is identified in a dog with cancer, we recommend thorough evaluation of the coagulation system before surgery or therapy, and careful consideration of the risks and potential benefits of myelosuppressive or L-asparaginase therapy.
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PMID:Thrombocytopenia associated with neoplasia in dogs. 788 25

An autopsy case of pseudosarcoma in the common bile duct is reported. An 82-year-old Japanese male complaining of jaundice was admitted to our hospital; he was examined by abdominal ultrasonography (US), revealing biliary calculus, dilatation of the common bile duct, and choledocholithiasis, considered to be the possible cause of the obstructive jaundice. Endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD) and cholangioscopy were performed concurrently, revealing a vaguely whitish tumor near the papilla of Vater. Two months later, the patient died from complications of the liver, infection, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). An autopsy study revealed tumor cells with extreme pleomorphic changes, growing diffusely, very like sarcoma. Further examination revealed epithelioid arrangements in the metastatic lymph node. Twelve kinds of immunohistochemical examination showed a positive reaction, reflecting the presence of an epithelioid cytoskeleton. Of 28 cases of true and pseudosarcoma of the biliary system reported in the Japanese literature, only 1 case was reported, in 1990, to involve the common bile duct. We therefore report the present case of pseudosarcoma of the common bile duct.
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PMID:An autopsy case of pseudosarcoma of the common bile duct. 795 67

The bone marrow of a 53-year-old woman with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with disseminated intravascular coagulation was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The patient had a preceding granulocytic sarcoma, and subclinical disseminated intravascular coagulation occurred concomitantly with the development of AML. Ultrastructural findings of the bone marrow at the onset of AML revealed the following: (1) The cytoplasm of the leukemic cells showed frequent fragmentation, resulting in the formation of abundant cytoplasmic fragments. (2) These cytoplasmic fragments were surrounded by abundant fibrin fibers, forming the fibrin-cytoplasmic fragment complex (FCF complex). (3) Slight fibrin deposition was seen around the leukemic cells and in the intercellular space of the bone marrow. Fibrin deposition in the bone marrow is thought to represent morphologic evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation. The damage on the leukemic cell surface due to the cytoplasmic fragmentation seems to be closely related to the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation.
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PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulation in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia. Ultrastructural evidence of hypercoagulation in bone marrow. 832 4

Unusual patterns of presentation of acute leukemia are discussed, with an emphasis on the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges that they pose. Clinical syndromes reviewed include the leukostasis syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, granulocytic sarcoma, central nervous system leukemia, leukemia cutis, Sweet's syndrome, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acute leukemia diagnosed during pregnancy. Each of these uncommon presentations of acute leukemia has a unique impact on patient management.
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PMID:Management of unusual presentations of acute leukemia. 844 62


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