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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Different parameters of coagulation were studied in 71 patients with glomerulonephritis. In comparison with normal subjects they had lower platelet counts, lower adhesion index and decreased aggregation, decreased partial thromboplastin time (46.4 per cent of patients), increased reptilase time (47.8 per cent) and other disorders. Plasma fibrin monomer soluble complexes were positive in 52.1 per cent and fibrin degradation products occurred in 14 per cent. According to the authors, in glomerulonephritis there are: subacute or chronic forms of disseminated intravascular coagulation; thrombopathy.
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PMID:Blood coagulation in glomerulonephritis. 372 79

Dengue fever (DF) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) are caused by the dengue virus. The major pathophysiological hallmark that distinguishes DHF from DF is plasma leakage as a result of increased vascular permeability. Following this leakage, hypovolaemic shock occurs as a consequence of a critical plasma volume loss. Constant haematological abnormalities occurring in DHF and frequently include bone marrow suppression, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. An enhanced immune response of the host to a secondary DV infection is a feature of DHF and leads to many consequences. These are immune complex formation, complement activation, increased histamine release and a massive release of many cytokines into the circulation, leading to shock, vasculopathy, thrombopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The mechanisms underlying the bleeding in DHF are multiple. These are vasculopathy, thrombopathy and DIC. Thrombopathy consists of thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction. DIC is prominent in patients with shock. The most severe DIC and massive bleeding are the result of prolonged shock and cause a fatal outcome. The mechanisms of thrombopathy and DIC and the proper management of DHF are reviewed and discussed.
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PMID:Haematology in dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever. 1094 25

Hemostasis is a complicated biological system, where the balance between procoagulation and anticoagulation processes maintains fluidity of blood through intact blood vessels and creates thrombi when it is needed to prevent bleeding from the impaired vessels. The modern model of hemostasis is divided into 2 principal phases, the first being defined as primary hemostasis which involves the platelet-vessel interplay, while the second, defined as secondary hemostasis, mainly involves coagulation factors and surfaces of activated cells. The activation and amplification of the coagulation cascade is regulated by natural inhibitors of coagulation. The blood clots which arise to prevent loss of blood must subsequently be broken down and the compact blood vessel wall must be restored. This process is called fibrinolysis. Bleeding and thromboses are manifestations of the impaired hemostatic balance. Detection of its cause is important for efficient treatment and prevention of the condition. This requires a combined evaluation of the family and personal history, a clinical anamnesis along with the evaluation of laboratory results. It is not reasonable or economical to perform all the available tests of hemostasis at the same time. It is recommendable to proceed from the global to the screening and then special tests and, through the process of elimination, obtain an explanation of the bleeding or prothrombotic phenotypes. The purpose of this report is to provide a brief overview of the principal causes of the hemostatic disorders and the practices which facilitate their diagnosis. Key words: diagnosis of hemorrhagic manifestations - diagnostics of thrombophilias - DIC diagnostics - hemophilia A - thrombopathy - von Willebrand disease.
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PMID:Diagnostic strategies in disorders of hemostasis. 3019 24