Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Circulating thrombomodulin is a novel endothelial cell marker, which may reflect the endothelial injury. Plasma levels of thrombomodulin were quantitated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in patients with hematological malignancies, liver disease, diabetes mellitus, collagen disease, thrombotic disease, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and the thrombomodulin values were compared with those of von Willebrand factor antigen (vWf:Ag) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) which are released from stimulated or damaged endothelial cells. The mean plasma concentrations of thrombomodulin in these disease states were elevated as compared with healthy subjects. A relatively high mean thrombomodulin level was observed in DIC, liver disease, and collagen disease. Abnormally high thrombomodulin values (greater than normal mean value + 3 SD) were found in 32.3% of patients with hematological malignancies, 57.7% of patients with liver disease, 39.3% of patients with diabetes mellitus, 30.0% of patients with collagen disease, 23.1% of patients with thrombotic disease, and 69.0% of patients with DIC. Plasma concentrations of both vWf:Ag and t-PA were also elevated in these patients. On the whole, the plasma thrombomodulin concentration was positively correlated with vWf:Ag (r = 0.441, P less than 0.001) and t-PA (r = 0.398, P less than 0.001). These findings indicate that the elevation of plasma thrombomodulin is frequently seen in a variety of diseases and circulating thrombomodulin is possibly useful for evaluating the endothelial damage in selected disease states.
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PMID:Circulating thrombomodulin as a novel endothelial cell marker: comparison of its behavior with von Willebrand factor and tissue-type plasminogen activator. 132 30

In order to evaluate precisely the fibrinolytic states in clinical disorders, plasma levels of D dimer (cross-linked fibrin degradation products) were measured by a newly developed, rapid quantitative method based on the latex photometric immunoassay in patients with hematological malignancies, diabetes mellitus, collagen disease, liver disease, thrombotic disease and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Plasma levels of D dimer were elevated in a variety of diseases, especially in DIC. Patients with hematological malignancies, liver disease and thrombotic disease also had relatively high levels of D dimer. On the whole, D dimer values were positively correlated with plasmin-alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex and thrombin-antithrombin III complex. In addition, plasma D dimer was measured during fibrinolytic therapy with urokinase or tissue-type plasminogen activator; its elevation was detected in some patients. These findings indicate that accelerated fibrinolysis is frequently observed in a variety of diseases, and that a rapid quantitative measurement of D dimer would be valuable for the precise assessment of fibrinolysis in these disease states.
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PMID:[Evaluation of clinical usefulness of a rapid quantitative measurement of D dimer (cross-linked fibrin degradation products)]. 177 52

Although bacteremia caused by non-typhoidal salmonella is frequently observed in immunocompromised hosts, it is rare to find this condition in healthy subjects. In this report, we present a case of bacteremia due to Salmonella enteritidis detected in a healthy man. A 59-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a fifty-day history of fever on May 18, 1985. On admission, he showed no symptoms except high body temperature (38.8 degrees C). In the laboratory data, C-reactive protein was 3+, white- cell count was 9600, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 12 mm/h. Culture in blood and stool yielded Salmonella enteritidis. However, no abnormal findings were found in UGIS, barium enema, OC + DIC, abdominal CT and echography. As soon as Ampicillin was administered, the fever was gone and the blood culture yielded nothing. After six months, the stool culture was negative for pathological intestinal bacterial flora and he was in good physical condition. Generally, bacteremia develops mainly in the immunocompromised hosts, such as patients with neoplastic disease, AIDS, leukemia or collagen disease. The literature provides so far twenty three adult cases of bacteremia due to non-typhoidal salmonella in Japan. Only two of them had no systemic disease as well as our case. Although it is unknown why bacteremia developed in this healthy man, we reported that bacteremia developed rarely in subjects with healthy condition.
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PMID:[A case of bacteremia due to Salmonella enteritidis in healthy man]. 207 75

Plasma levels of protein S (PS) antigen, both total and free fractions, were measured together with C4b-binding protein (C4bp) and protein C (PC) antigen in 39 patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), 34 with liver disease, 17 with collagen disease, 17 with diabetes mellitus, and 51 under stabilized warfarin treatment. In patients with DIC, mean concentrations of total PS and free PS were normal, while PC was reduced and C4bp were elevated. Total PS, free PS, C4bp and PC were all decreased in liver disease, elevated in diabetes mellitus, and normal in collagen disease. In warfarin-treated patients, total PS, free PS and PC were moderately decreased, but the decrease in C4bp was minimal. The concentration of PS correlated positively with PC in liver disease, diabetes mellitus, and during oral anticoagulation, but did not in DIC. These results indicate that PS and PC behave similarly when liver synthetic function is principally affected, but in contrast to PC, PS is hardly consumed during intravascular coagulation.
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PMID:Plasma protein S in disseminated intravascular coagulation, liver disease, collagen disease, diabetes mellitus, and under oral anticoagulant therapy. 252 31

Changes of high molecular weight kininogen (HMW-K) clotting activity, antigen and cleavage in the plasma in the health and various diseases were studied. In 20 healthy individuals clotting activity of HMW-K, as measured by APTT one stage method, was 99 +/- 12% (male) and 84 +/- 15% (female). Antigen as measured by Laurell method were 106 +/- 24% (male) and 91 +/- 21% (female). In 35 patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), both activity (78 +/- 33%) and antigen (69 +/- 31%) were statistically lower than those in normal individuals (p less than 0.01). In DIC both activity and antigen of HMW-K was correlated with serum albumin level. These results suggest that the cause of the lower level of HMW-K in DIC especially with septicemia is the result of lower production rather than consumption. In vivo cleavage of HMW-K was detected in plasma of a patient with septicemia and DIC by immunoblotting. The change of HMW-K was also assessed in other pathological states including liver cirrhosis, collagen disease, cardiopulmonary bypass and pregnant women.
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PMID:[Changes of high molecular weight kininogen in various states]. 259 37