Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical features of 22 postoperative multiple organ failure (MOF) patients, comprised of 8 with arterial disease (A-MOF) and 14 with gastrointestinal cancer (G-MOF), were investigated. Differences in the operative time, blood loss, and mortality were not significant. The initial organ impaired was the lungs in 78.6% of G-MOF patients and the heart or kidneys in all A-MOF patients. Infection developed in over 80% of both groups. In many A-MOF patients, the pneumonia or septicemia developed secondary to organ failure, while intraabdominal infection triggered respiratory failure in many G-MOF patients. Our organisms in infected specimens and their antibiotic sensitivities was valuable for the early administration of effective antibiotics. Upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding was important in the prognosis of both groups and occurred more frequently in A-MOF than in G-MOF patients. Consumption coagulopathy in A-MOF patients and DIC induced by infection in G-MOF patients mainly caused such bleeding. Preoperative administration of heparin was effective in improving coagulopathy. Furthermore, measurement of intramural pH with tonometer in the stomach and gastric irrigation with oxygenated perfluorochemicals were effective in the prediction and prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding.
 ...
PMID:[The comparison of postoperative multiple organ failure with arterial disease to that with gastrointestinal cancer]. 143 3

We have previously reported high levels of the coagulation inhibitor TFPI in the blood of patients with gastrointestinal cancer. TFPI is not an acute-phase reactant, but high levels have also been reported in patients with septicaemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). To study its relationship with other types of malignancy, TFPI activity was first determined in plasma samples from 214 patients with various malignancies. In a second cohort of 83 patients, total and free TFPI antigen, protein C, antithrombin, fibrin monomer and D-dimer were also measured. Elevated TFPI activity and antigens were found in about half of the patients with solid tumours. In contrast, elevated TFPI was rare in haematological malignancies (12%). In the 18 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukaemia (ANLL), elevated free TFPI was found only in patients who also had DIC. No correlation was found between TFPI levels and fibrin monomer or D-dimer levels. Only four out of 20 patients with solid tumours had normal levels of fibrin monomer and D-dimer, yet three out of these four had elevated TFPI. In conclusion, elevated TFPI in ANLL is related to the coexistence of DIC. In solid tumour disease increased TFPI may reduce protective fibrin formation, but the pathogenic mechanism is as yet unknown.
 ...
PMID:Elevated TFPI in malignant disease: relation to cancer type and hypercoagulation. 973 35

This paper presents the results of the clinical trial with the use of hr TNF-alpha (human recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha) in 16 advanced gastrointestinal cancer patients. Hr TNF-alpha was administered intravenously in a short, 30-min infusion. According to authors' previous experiences with daily dose escalation (modified Fibonacci scheme), a daily dose of 150 microg/m2 was established as safe, and was well tolerated by the patients. The treatment consisted of 5-day cycles, repeated six times, every 14 days. Special attention was paid regarding the possible side-effect and safety of hr TNF-alpha administration in men, as many acute and chronic haematological toxicities have been reported. After careful analysis of TNF-alpha side-effects, we did not find any acute haematological complications (e.g. thrombosis, DIC, embolism) in any of the patients. Haemoglobin values and erythrocyte and leucocyte counts gradually decreased during each cycle, with the tendency for spontaneous renewal after the treatment had been completed. No cases of thrombocytopenia and severe neuropenia were observed.
 ...
PMID:Tumor necrosis factor in advanced gastrointestinal neoplasms. A clinical trial with a focus on haematological effects. 1465 Dec 25

Expression of the tetraspanin CO-029 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. In a pancreatic tumor line, overexpression of the rat homologue, D6.1A, induces lethally disseminated intravascular coagulation, suggesting D6.1A engagement in angiogenesis. D6.1A-overexpressing tumor cells induce the greatest amount of angiogenesis in vivo, and tumor cells as well as exosomes derived thereof strikingly increase endothelial cell branching in vitro. Tumor cell-derived D6.1A stimulates angiogenic factor transcription, which includes increased matrix metalloproteinase and urokinase-type plasminogen activator secretion, pronounced vascular endothelial growth factor expression in fibroblasts, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor expression, and strong D6.1A up-regulation in sprouting endothelium. Thus, D6.1A initiates an angiogenic loop that, probably due to the abundance of D6.1A in tumor-derived exosomes, reaches organs distant from the tumor. Most importantly, because of the strong D6.1A up-regulation on sprouting capillaries, angiogenesis could be completely inhibited by a D6.1A-specific antibody, irrespective of whether or not the tumor expresses D6.1A. Tetraspanins have been suggested to be involved in morphogenesis. This is the first report that a tetraspanin, CO-029/D6.1A, promotes tumor growth by its capacity to induce systemic angiogenesis that can effectively, and with high selectivity for sprouting endothelium, be blocked by a D6.1A-specific antibody.
 ...
PMID:Systemic induction of the angiogenesis switch by the tetraspanin D6.1A/CO-029. 1684 54

A 73-year-old male with nephrotic syndrome was admitted to our hospital. He was empirically treated with prednisolone, which resulted in the alleviation of proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, and pleural effusion. Thereafter, a computed tomographic scan revealed a mass lesion in the right-lower lung field. Finally, the patient died of multiple organ failure induced by disseminated intravascular coagulation. Adenocarcinoma of the lung and membranous nephropathy (MN) were revealed by autopsy. MN tends to occur in the elderly, and is also occasionally associated with solid tumors, such as lung and gastrointestinal cancer. Therefore, a malignancy survey may be useful in the management of cases with nephrotic syndrome in which MN is pathologically defined. However, the initiation of empirical treatment without a pathological diagnosis is not an exceptional phenomenon. Physicians should, therefore, bear in mind the potential association of malignancy and immediately and carefully investigate the potential presence of a malignancy in elderly patients with a new onset of nephrotic syndrome.
 ...
PMID:[Nephrotic syndrome associated with lung adenocarcinoma: report of an autopsy case]. 1937

Recent progress in cancer biology has revealed the fact that molecular profiles of primary and metastatic cancer are not necessarily the same. Furthermore, evidence of intra-tumor heterogeneity has been disclosed repeatedly. In addition to these, acquiring resistances to chemoradiation therapy is far more rapid than typical predictions. Under these circumstances, physicians are realizing that one biopsy is not enough to predict the direction of cancer progression or extension. Repeated biopsy was proposed in this context. For "re-biopsy", acquiring blood is much easier compared to regular biopsies of acquiring body tissues. Therefore, CTC or Cell-free DNA is one of the hot topics in clinical and molecular diagnostic fields. The term "liquid biopsy" is used to include these two materials. We utilized a CTC isolation device based on microfluidic principles. Procedures for the extraction of DNA from plasma (Cell-free DNA) is also available. Based on this background, we performed a feasibility study of NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) by analyzing materials from advanced gastrointestinal cancer patients. We have successfully acquired NGS results using these liquid biopsies. We have also investigated the possibility of storing CTCs by evaluating procedures after cytospin using H1975 cells with various fixation conditions under a DIC microscope examination. Because of the paucity of the number of isolated CTCs, H1975 cells were used for this purpose. After cytospin, 95% ETOH and then -80 degrees C storage provided the best results. Attempts at not only NGS but also storage in this sequence of studies have opened new fields of liquid biopsy in clinical laboratories.
 ...
PMID:[Liquid Biopsy and Laboratory Medicine]. 2673